International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic potentials of catalase: Mechanisms, applications, and future perspectives.","authors":"Zafar Rasheed","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 2","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The synergistic effect of oxaliplatin and punicalagin on colon cancer cells Caco-2 death.","authors":"Hadeil Muhanna Alsufiani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objectives of the study are to investigate the synergistic effect of oxaliplatin (oxa) and punicalagin (pun) on the death of colon cancer cells (Caco-2) by apoptosis and autophagy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of the combined treatments (5 μM oxa + 50 μM pun, 5 μM oxa + 75 μM pun, 20 μM oxa + 50 μM pun, and 5 μM oxa + 75 μM pun) were compared with untreated Caco2 cells (control) or cells treated with oxa alone. Apoptosis was detected using an Annex in V FITC flow cytometry assay and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage by western blotting. Light chain 3 was detected by western blotting as an autophagy marker.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined treatments significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells in comparison to untreated cells or cells treated with oxa alone. By contrast, the combined treatments had no significant effect on autophagy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined treatment significantly promoted cell death through apoptosis while maintaining a basal level of autophagy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 2","pages":"33-37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"β-caryophyllene attenuates oxidative stress and hepatocellular mitochondrial dysfunction in type-2 diabetic rats induced with high fat and fructose diets.","authors":"Vadivel Mani, Ipsita Dash, Sangeeta Chandrashekar, Muninathan Natarajan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and systemic resistance to insulin are typical manifestations of type 2 diabetes mellitus. One of the main pathophysiological alterations in insulin-sensitive organs is mitochondrial malfunction associated with oxidative stress and diminished fuel utilization. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) has qualities that are anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycemic. In this work, rats suffering from type 2 diabetes were given a diet high in fat and sugar with the aim of examining the ameliorative effects of BCP on oxidative stress-mediated hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The diabetic condition was experimentally induced by feeding rats a high-calorie diet. The rats were then administered the recommended doses of BCP and metformin (MET) once every day for 30 days at 200 mg and 50 mg concentrations per kg of body weight, respectively, to prove the hypothesis of the study that BCP ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Mitochondrial dysfunction can be identified by indicators such as oxidative stress, cardiolipin dienes, membrane phospholipid concentration, and mitochondrial enzymes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mitochondria in the liver of rats with diabetes exhibit elevated redox imbalance-related parameters and malfunctioning mitochondria with peroxided cardiolipin, while their amounts of glutathione and phospholipids are lowered. Oxidative stress indices, ameliorated mitochondrial activities, and peroxided cardiolipin were drastically decreased in rats with diabetes treated with BCP or MET.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present research demonstrated that BCP improved the vital role of mitochondria by reducing free radical dominance in type 2 diabetic experimental rats fed high-fat and high-sugar diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 2","pages":"7-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing an attitude toward polio vaccination scale and establishing its psychometric properties in Pakistani context for indigenous and international researchers.","authors":"Warda Saleh, Humaira Jami, Muhammad Kamran, Ghulam Muhammad Kundi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Negative attitudes toward polio vaccination in Pakistan are threatening the global polio eradication efforts by encouraging vaccine refusals and attacks on polio workers. The present research explored the underlying dimensions of these attitudes and their correlates: Uncertainty and belief in conspiracy theories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research began with the development of an item pool generated with the help of an open-ended survey of university students (n = 44). Face and content validity assessment by subject experts (n = 9) led to an initial version of the attitude toward polio vaccination scale (ATPVS). This scale was administered to a sample of Pakistani adults (<i>n</i> = 620) through two means: Paper-and-pencil survey and an online survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exploratory factor analysis on one-half of the sample (<i>n</i> = 310) suggested a factor structure consisting of two internally consistent factors: Scepticism and Advocacy. On second half of the sample (<i>n</i> = 310), confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the two-factor structure of this scale. Hypothesis testing for convergent validity on the total sample (<i>n</i> = 620) revealed that self-uncertainty was positively related to scepticism and negatively related to advocacy. Whereas conspiracy mentality was positively associated with both of these components which indicates an understudied aspect of this construct related to concern for social welfare.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Scepticism and advocacy of the polio vaccination campaign represent attitudes toward polio vaccination in Pakistan with self-uncertainty and conspiracy mentality being their significant correlates. Capitalizing on these variables in designing a vaccination promotion campaign may yield benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 2","pages":"38-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus in diagnosed tuberculosis cases: Meta-analysis.","authors":"Naif H Alanazi, Asif Hanif","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the study was to find pooled prevalence and risk factors of co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in diagnosed tuberculosis (TB) cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Search engines including PubMed and Google Scholar were used to find literature using search terms such as \"co-infection,\" \"HIV,\" \"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,\" TB and \"Prevalence\" among others. All original studies conducted on the prevalence of HIV co-infection among diagnosed TB patients that were freely available in full length had a clear methodology and relevant results were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>From 1021 initial studies, a total of 18 studies were selected for analysis. A total of 18 studies were included with a total sample size of 44943. The minimum prevalence of HIV-TB was reported in a study from Pakistan as 0.29% and the maximum prevalence of HIV-TB was found in Nigeria, that is, 44.20%. The pooled prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection was 16.291% (95%; 9.57-24.38) using the random effect method. As per Begg's test, there was no publication bias. As I² is 99.74% so, there is high heterogeneity among studies; hence, random effect model is preferred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concludes that the pooled prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection was found to be 16.291% (95%; 9.57-24.38). The risk of mortality will be substantially raised by the co-existence of HIV-TB co-infection, so early screening and emphasizing the urgent need for integrated health-care interventions can cope with the situation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 2","pages":"56-61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10915912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephrotic syndrome: Pretibial epidermolysis bullosa in a patient with <i>CD151</i> tetraspanin defect: A case report.","authors":"Khamisa Almokali, Hissah Alshalawi, Marwh G Aldriwesh, Raniah S Alotibi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nephrotic syndrome (NS)-epidermolysis bullosa (EB) sensorineural deafness syndrome is an autosomal recessive rare genetic disease caused by a <i>CD151</i> gene homozygous mutation on chromosome 11p15.5. In this report, we discuss a rare case related to a Saudi patient with genetic syndrome who presented with NS and EB. Whole genome sequencing results indicated a homozygous pathogenic variant identified in the <i>CD151</i> gene (c.493C>T p.(Arg165*), which was consistent with a genetic diagnosis of autosomal recessive nephropathy with pretibial EB and deafness syndrome. The findings emphasize that even a single genotype can result in variable phenotypic expression, necessitating the assessment of the pleiotropic effects of the disease on the patient, which can range from severe to mild. This case report adds to the literature by highlighting the considerable phenotypic variation that can be present in patients with the <i>CD151</i> mutation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melanoma awareness programs and their impact on the life of Australian Queenslanders: A concise analysis.","authors":"Naila Rasheed","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparable risk of extensively drug-resistant typhoid fever in the pediatric cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Maria Khan, Maria Tasneem Khattak, Amina Gul, Muhammad Riaz, Fatima Tu Zahra","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The number of extremely drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella typhi isolates is growing in the northwest of Pakistan, where health-care facilities are already under strain due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) issue. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, we currently describe the first widespread appearance of an XDR Salmonella typhi epidemic during the COVID-19 pandemic. This strain of Salmonella typhi is resistant to all first- and second-line drugs and even the third-generation cephalosporin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Salmonella species isolated from pediatric blood samples shown a high level of resistance to the various antibiotic classes evaluated between November and December 2020. Gender, age, address, and clinical symptoms were among the demographic information that was recorded. A total of 562 blood cultures from symptomatic patients have been collected by the Pathology Laboratory at a tertiary care institution of Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar. All samples have been processed in accordance with regulatory requirements and incubated in BacT/ALERT 3D.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 562 blood samples, 71 included Salmonella typhi, of which 66 (92.9%) and 5 (7%) were multidrug resistant (MDR) and XDR, respectively. Ciprofloxacin (100%), chloramphenicol (100%), ceftriaxone (100%), ampicillin (100%), and cotrimoxazole (93%) were completely resistant to all isolates. Azithromycin and carbapenems were effective against every Salmonella typhi isolate that was MDR or XDR. Males (76%) were more commonly affected than females (24%), and the frequency was substantially higher in children under 15 years of age (88%) than in adults (<i>P</i> = 0.0016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The emergence of XDR Salmonella typhi with a high level of resistance is in fact alarming. Due to the lack of viable treatment alternatives, the current situation necessitates the immediate implementation of efficient preventive measures, such as campaigns for typhoid vaccination and food and water safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 1","pages":"24-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal health status in patients with lung cancer: Case-control study.","authors":"Pooja Singh, Umesh Pratap Verma, Ajay Kumar Verma, Prashant Gupta, Anjani Kumar Pathak, Rameshwari Singhal, Shalini Kaushal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess the periodontal health status of individuals with lung cancer in the North Indian population. In addition, the study aimed to determine the levels of human beta-defensin2 (Hbd-2) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum samples collected from the participants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study consisted of a total of 90 participants, who were categorized into three groups: Group 1 included 30 healthy individuals, Group 2 comprised 30 patients with chronic periodontitis, and Group 3 involved 30 patients diagnosed with both lung cancer and chronic periodontitis. Various periodontal parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level (CAL), were assessed in addition to the analysis of human beta defensin2 levels in both the GCF and serum samples of all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study results revealed that all clinical parameters assessed were higher in Group 3 compared to both Group 2 and Group 1. Specifically, the levels of hBD-2 in the GCF were measured as 52.29 ± 46.41 pg/mL in Group 1, 27.15 ± 28.76 pg/mL in Group 2, and 86.01 ± 68.82 pg/mL in Group 3. When comparing the hBD-2 levels in serum, the values were found to be 813.72 ± 269.43 pg/mL in Group 1, 591.50 ± 263.91 pg/mL in Group 2, and 1093.04 ± 674.55 pg/mL in Group 3. These intergroup comparisons indicate variations in hBD-2 levels among the different groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study findings demonstrated significantly higher clinical and biochemical markers in patients with both lung cancer and chronic periodontitis, in comparison to individuals with chronic periodontitis alone and healthy participants. These results suggest that Hbd-2 could potentially serve as a valuable diagnostic biomarker for identifying and distinguishing individuals with both lung cancer and chronic periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 1","pages":"17-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticoagulative activity of <i>Commiphora gileadensis</i>, aspirin, and heparin on blood coagulation profiles in naïve mice.","authors":"Ayman Saeed Alhazmi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Commiphora gileadensis</i> is a small tree under the genus <i>Commiphora</i>. Previous studies showed medical applications, such as antibacterial and antihypertensive, for <i>C. gileadensis</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty naïve mice were classified into six groups: control, <i>C. gileadensis</i> sap-treated group, <i>C. gileadensis</i> methanol extract-treated group, <i>C. gileadensis</i> acetone extract-treated group, heparin-treated group, and aspirin-treated group. Blood samples from each mouse in the six groups were collected in EDTA, sodium citrate, and heparin tubes. The body weight of each mouse was measured at the beginning and end of the experiment. Furthermore, complete blood count, kidney and renal function tests, coagulation profiles, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), international normalized ratio (INR), D-dimer, and fibrinogen concentrations were estimated for each mouse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sodium, potassium, chloride, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase levels did not show statistical differences between all groups. Moreover, PT, aPTT, and INR were prolonged in the <i>C. gileadensis</i> sap, methanol, and acetone extracts-treated mice compared with those in the heparin and aspirin-treated groups (<i>P</i> < 0.01). D-dimer and fibrinogen concentrations did not show significant statistical differences between all groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study concludes that the <i>C. gileadensis</i> sap, methanol, and acetone extracts prolonged PT, aPTT, and bleeding time in naïve mice more than heparin and aspirin. This means that the <i>C. gileadensis</i> extracts may have antithrombotic activity and may be used in the future to resolve intravascular thrombosis in patients having prosthetic valves.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 1","pages":"10-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}