International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS最新文献

{"title":"Prescription practices of physicians, quality of care, and patients' safety: A mixed methods comprehensive study.","authors":"Muhammad Ahmed Abdullah, Ameer Sikander Ahmed, Babar Tasneem Shaikh, Mohammad Bilal Kaleem, Abdullah Sumbal, Zahid Naeem","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Amidst inconsistent prescribing patterns and potentially harmful medication errors in the field of medical practice, this study endeavored to explore the prescription practices of physicians in Rawalpindi metropolitan city in Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed method study was conducted based on the analysis of 1232 prescriptions gathered from 16 pharmacies, along with in-depth interviews with 13 practicing physicians. The prescriptions were assessed for legibility, polypharmacy, patient details, history, diagnosis, and other relevant information. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the prevalence of various aspects of prescription accuracy was calculated. Thematic analysis was conducted on the qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Almost half of the prescriptions were from the private general practitioners, and the rest were from hospital-based doctors and consultants. Only a small percentage of prescriptions were fully legible, and many had incomplete or missing patient information, medical history, and diagnosis. Polypharmacy was also found to be prevalent, with significant differences in prescription accuracy across different medical specialties. The absence of continuing medical education, influence of pharmaceutical industry, and overcrowded practice settings drive the doctors to prescription practices. On the user side, perception of polypharmacy, patient-physician communication, and availability and cost of medicines emerged as major themes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is an obvious need to improve prescription accuracy regarding patient safety on the whole. Increased investment in health-care infrastructure, greater access to continuing medical education, and a commitment to promote evidence-based medicine could make a difference. Prescription practices must be safe, effective, and aligned with the latest advances in medical science.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic consequences of flavonoid and saponin extracts from <i>Gongronema Latifolium</i> leaves in offspring of rats that consumed sucrose during lactation.","authors":"Cynthia Nwaewu Okokwu, Bond Ugochukwu Anyaehie, David Chibuike Ikwuka, Amechi Katchy, Okwute Michael Ochayi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examines the metabolic consequences of saponin and flavonoid extracts of <i>Gongronema latifolium</i> leaves in rat offspring whose mothers consumed sucrose during breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two female albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control group, given water only: sucrose group, given sucrose solution only; flavonoid groups, given sucrose solution and 100 mg/kg b.w. and 200 mg/kg b.w. of flavonoid and saponin groups, given sucrose solution and 100 mg/kg b.w. and 200 mg/kg b.w. of saponin extracts, for 3 weeks during lactation. Then the body, hepatic and pancreatic weights, food intake, glucose tolerance, lipid profile, insulin, and leptin levels of their offspring were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant decrease in the body weight (BW), food intake, and glucose level among the flavonoid and saponin groups compared to the control group. However, when compared to the sucrose group, there was a significant decrease in food intake, blood glucose level, triglyceride, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and a significant increase in the BW. There was no significant difference in insulin and leptin levels, hepatic, and pancreatic weights among groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that <i>G. lactifolium</i> consumption among lactating rats maintains metabolic homeostatic as it protects against elevated blood glucose level and dyslipidemia in offspring post-weaning. It also suggests that the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties of <i>G. latifolium</i> maybe as a result of saponin and flavonoids inherent in the plant.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"18 1","pages":"4-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-tumor effect of Fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor, on gastric cancer in mice","authors":"Chengcheng Yang, Yan Miao, Qiang Yu, Xiangjie Wang","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7n3.14624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7n3.14624","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric cancer remains one of the most common malignant tumors and a leading cause of death. However, there are few reports about the anti-tumor effect of Fasudil (Fas) on the stomach. Establishment of nude mice model of gastric cancer to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of Fas. The mice in each group were weighed every week. Serum and tumor tissue cytokines are detected by commercial kits. Serum and tumor tissue superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were detected by commercial kits. Histopathological changes of the tumor were detected by HE staining. Expression of ROS/ TXNIP/NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway in tumor tissues was detected by Western blot. Our results showed that Fas increased and decreased the body weight of tumor mice, increased serum and tumor tissue cytokines contents of tumor mice, increased serum and tumor tissue oxidative stress of tumor mice, and increased Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9 protein expression, reduced Bcl-2 protein expression, also regulated ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway expression. Our experiments show that Fas has a significant anti-gastric cancer effect, and its mechanism is related to the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in vivo.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"50 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134991456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Lepidium meyenii and testing their antimicrobial activity","authors":"Mohammed Hayder Hashim, Marwa Hameed Al Khafaji","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14626","url":null,"abstract":"Lepidium meyenii herb (maca) belongs to the cruciferous family that includes broccoli, radish, watercress, cabbage and turnip. It is also available as a dietary supplement in the form of capsules and liquid extracts. Silver nanoparticles were made using the aqueous extract of maca root for the first time locally and worldwide. As a reducing agent, the extract was utilized. Several approaches were used to diagnose silver nanoparticles, including scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, FT-IR and UV-vis spectrophotometer analyses. The diagnostic results showed the formation of nanoparticles in various shapes, with a diameter ranging from 56.11 nanometers. The optimum conditions for the bio-synthesis of silver nanoparticles were determined. The optimal conditions were pH 7, 37 °C, with a concentration of 1 mmol silver ions. These are the ideal conditions for making silver nanoparticles from L.meyenii. The antibacterial effectiveness of biosynthesized AgNP against Staphylococcus aureus was found to be very significant. This work promotes green synthesis of AgNP for a range of applications that require low toxicity and are ecologically friendly.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"23 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135091402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of combined use of elastography and von Willebrand factor antigen/thrombocyte ratio in prediction of gastroduodenal mucosal portal hypertension related vascular lesions","authors":"Gamal Ahmed Abdel Khalik Badra, Hanaa Badran, Olfat Mohamed Hendy, Lashin Saad Ali, Mostafa El Helbawy","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14620","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Liver cirrhosis is the most important cause of portal hypertension, esophageal varices (EVs) represent its major complication as they may rupture and bleed with increased mortality rate. vWF-Ag is an established and valuable marker for determining the grade of fibrosis and cirrhosis and for mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Aim of our work is to search for the utility of combined use of elastography and Von Willebrand Factor Antigen/Thrombocyte Ratio in prediction of gastroduodenal portal hypertension related vascular lesions and identify suitable cutoff values for predicting these lesions. Patients and methods: 80 cirrhotic patients, were divided into 2 main groups, Group I included 20 patients with no evidence of portal hypertension related vascular lesions as verified by endoscopic examination (disease control group), group II, included patients with vascular lesions and was divided into 3 subgroups groups, group IIa included 20 patients with esophageal varices or gastro-esophageal varices, group IIb included 20 patients with isolated gastric varices, group IIc included 20 patients with portal hypertension related lesions other than esophageal and gastric varices.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"136 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"relationship between Physical Activity Level (PAL) and Body Mass Index (BMI) among adolescents (Ages 15-18)","authors":"Mohammed Nezzar, Ababsa Houssam Eddine","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14616","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to investigate the relationship between the level of physical activity among adolescents (aged 15-18) and the Body Mass Index (BMI), which is a universally recognized measure for distinguishing between overweight, obesity, and normal weight in individuals. The study was conducted on a sample of 20 students (both males and females) whose ages ranged from 15 to 18. These students were enrolled in the Hafar Al-Sass Mohammed Al-Eid Secondary School in the Wadi El Zenati Province, Guelma. The researcher employed a descriptive methodology for the study, using a questionnaire that addressed the types of physical activities performed by individuals in their daily lives to assess their level of physical activity. The study also relied on the Body Mass Index (BMI) as determined by IOTF standards. The study results indicated a very weak inverse relationship between the level of physical activity and the Body Mass Index for the study sample, with R = -0.14, which was not statistically significant as the Sig value (0.954) was greater than 0.05. The study also found that individuals in the sample with low levels of physical activity represented 75% of the study sample (15 students).","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"51 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"effects of conditioning sports activity on hypertensive patients","authors":"Boumedien Hadjadj, Kerroum Bachir","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14615","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to investigate whether regular physical activity plays a role in the treatment of high blood pressure in Algerian individuals, given that over 90% of hypertension cases do not respond well to pharmaceutical or surgical treatment. Regular physical activity is an accessible and cost-effective way to maintain health, and recent scientific studies have shown its effectiveness in treating various chronic diseases, such as diabetes and respiratory disorders. To address this, the study was divided into three parts: Preliminary Chapter: This section introduces the research problem, hypotheses, objectives, definitions, challenges faced, and previous studies on the subject. Theoretical Background: This part consists of three chapters. The first chapter covers physical activity, including its concept, historical evolution, types, and its various health, psychological, and economic benefits. The second chapter discusses the cardiovascular system's role in maintaining normal blood pressure and the effects of engaging in physical activity on different body systems. It emphasizes physical activity's crucial role in prevention and the treatment of certain diseases. The third chapter addresses high blood pressure, its nature, types, scientific causes, complications, medications, and how to reduce and manage blood pressure while considering potential side effects.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"48 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Allergic disorders in Saudi Arabia: Challenges and future perspectives.","authors":"Zafar Rasheed","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"17 6","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71491186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking of oxidative stress and mitochondrial DNA damage to the pathophysiology of idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction.","authors":"Apurva Singh,&nbsp;Shyam Pyari Jaiswar,&nbsp;Apala Priyadarshini,&nbsp;Sujata Deo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A common and serious pregnancy issue known as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) occurs when the fetus is unable to reach its full growth potential. Mitochondria are crucial to the development of the fetus and the placenta. We aimed to elucidate the role of oxidative stress parameters and markers of DNA damage. The integrity of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was studied.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Blood samples were collected from 48 females (cases and controls, respectively). Oxidative stress parameters were analyzed. DNA was extracted followed by high-performance liquid chromatography to study 8-OH-dG and mt DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis was performed for nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins and DNA damage markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When pregnant women were compared to non-pregnant women in their first, second, and third trimesters, a highly significant progressive drop in circulating mtDNA was found. In addition, mtDNA was considerably higher in mothers carrying IUGR fetuses than in healthy pregnancies. Sirtuin-3 protein expression was considerably suppressed in the IUGR placenta (<i>P</i> = 0.027), whereas Nrf1 expression was not statistically different from the control group in the IUGR. Increased oxidative stress led to greater DNA damage in IUGR. The highest concentrations of 8-OH-dG were found in IUGR with levels significantly higher than those in the non-pregnant group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our research sets the path for further investigation into mitochondrial anomalies in IUGR pregnancies and offers evidence for disturbed mitochondrial homeostasis. The mtDNA might offer a fresh perspective on the processes involved in physiological gestation. In addition, the presence of mtDNA may aid in the diagnosis of IUGR during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"17 6","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated benign neutropenia in healthy individuals from Saudi Arabia's central region: A comprehensive study.","authors":"Ahmad AlShomar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Neutrophils are the most common cell types in circulation and are considered the first line of defense in the immune system against microorganisms. This study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence of isolated benign neutropenia (IBN) among healthy individuals in the central region of Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed complete blood count tests as part of routine checkups for chronic health conditions from April to September 2022. The 10,442 participants were randomly selected and their medical records were reviewed for neutropenia and mean absolute neutrophil counts (ANCs) were calculated. Descriptive analysis was employed to assess the prevalence of IBN across various demographic factors, such as age, gender, and nationality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of IBN in the central region of Saudi Arabia was found to be 2.82% across the entire cohort of participants. The mean ANC among all participants was 4.55 × 10⁹/L. The prevalence of neutropenia was higher in male participants compared with female. Male neutropenic had a lower mean ANC than female; however, the differences were not statistically different (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The prevalence of neutropenia was lower in Saudi participants compared with non-Saudis. While the mean ANC was lower among Saudis as compared with non-Saudi participants. However, the differences were not statistically different (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study from the central region of Saudi Arabia that determined the prevalence of chronic benign neutropenia among healthy individuals. The prevalence of IBN was found to be relatively low. Furthermore, neutropenia was more frequent in males than females. Moreover, male neutropenic individuals have a lower ANC.</p>","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"17 6","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10624805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}