Biomarker Insights最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic Value of Neutrophils-to-Lymphocytes Ratio and Platelets-to-Lymphocytes Ratio in Sepsis Patients With Lymphopenia.","authors":"Xianming Qiu, Quanzhen Wang, Yuke Zhang, Qiannan Zhao, Zhiming Jiang, Lei Zhou","doi":"10.1177/11772719231223156","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719231223156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammation plays a critical role in sepsis. The integration of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelets-to-lymphocytes ratio (PLR) from multiple cell types offers a novel approach to rapidly assess inflammation status. However, the predictive role of NLR and PLR in sepsis with lymphopenia remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic value of NLR and PLR in sepsis patients with lymphopenia.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>In this observational retrospective study, we included 172 sepsis patients with lymphopenia and collected clinical characteristics for analysis. Through binary logistic regression analysis, we identified independent factors. Receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROC) and areas under the curves (AUC) were employed to assess the ability to predict hospital mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed a total hospital mortality rate of 53.49%. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that NLR (OR = 1.11, <i>P</i> < .001) and PLR (OR = 1.01, <i>P</i> = .003) were independent predictors associated with hospital mortality in sepsis patients with lymphopenia. The AUCs of NLR and PLR were 0.750 (95% CI: 0.634-0.788, <i>P</i> < .001) and 0.662 (95% CI: 0.580-0.743, <i>P</i> < .001), respectively. Notably, an optimal cut-off value of 18.93 for NLR displayed a sensitivity of 75.0% and specificity of 63.0% in discriminating hospital mortality in sepsis patients with lymphopenia, while the optimal cut-off value for PLR was 377.50, with a sensitivity of 67.5% and specificity of 64.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NLR and PLR serve as independent predictors of hospital mortality in sepsis patients with lymphopenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10768602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139378524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Inflammatory Biomarker suPAR in COVID-19 Disease With CHORUS TRIO Instrument.","authors":"Cerutti Helena, Tesi Giulia, Cartocci Alessandra, Guerranti Roberto, Silvestrini Caterina, Gori Sabrina, Bianciardi Simone, Bandini Tommaso, Brogi Alessandra, Leoncini Roberto","doi":"10.1177/11772719231210407","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719231210407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deregulation in the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPA/uPAR) system is reported in many diseases where the immune system is activated. During SARS-CoV-2 infection, a rise in soluble uPAR (suPAR) levels has been detected and its concentration above 6 µg/L predicts worsening to severe respiratory failure 14 days earlier, with a positive predictive value of 85.9%, and was the prerequisite for a treatment with anakinra, a recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist that blocks the activity of both IL-1α and IL-1β.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare suPAR concentrations measured by CHORUS suPAR on CHORUS TRIO instrument of DIESSE with the commercially available suPARnostic (ViroGates) ELISA assay.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A single-centre, non-pharmacological, diagnostic study was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 522 serum samples from patients with COVID-19 were tested for suPAR. CHORUS suPAR resulted accurate and reliable, with a high grade of specificity (97.9%), accuracy (97.3%) and sensitivity (96.9%). The median concentration of suPAR, as determined with CHORUS suPAR, was 6.8 µg/L (interquartile range 4.5-9.7) in patients with moderate disease (n = 465) and 8.5 µg/L (interquartile range 5.4-10.6) in patients with severe disease. Among patients with moderate and severe disease, 60.6% and 71.9%, respectively, reached the cut-off concentration of suPAR ⩾6 µg/L, defining their illness severity and suggesting eligibility to anakinra treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CHORUS suPAR kit resulted as sensitive, specific, accurate and able to quantify suPAR concentrations in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10687937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiomic Approaches for Cancer Biomarker Discovery in Liquid Biopsies: Advances and Challenges.","authors":"Paola Monterroso Diaz,&nbsp;Ashton Leehans,&nbsp;Prashanth Ravishankar,&nbsp;Anna Daily","doi":"10.1177/11772719231204508","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719231204508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease that poses a significant threat to global health. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical for improving patient outcomes, and the use of liquid biopsies has emerged as a promising approach for cancer detection and monitoring. Traditionally, cancer diagnosis has relied on invasive tissue biopsies, the collection of which can prove challenging for patients and the results of which may not always provide accurate results due to tumor heterogeneity. Liquid biopsies have gained increasing attention as they provide a non-invasive and accessible source of cancer biomarkers, which can be used to diagnose cancer, monitor treatment response, and detect relapse. The integration of -omics technologies, such as proteomics, genomics, and metabolomics, has further enhanced the capabilities of liquid biopsies by introducing precision oncology and enabling the tailoring of treatment for individual patients based on their unique tumor biology. In this review, we will discuss the challenges and advances in the field of cancer liquid biopsies and the integration of -omics technologies for different types of liquid biopsies, including blood, tear, urine, sweat, saliva, and cerebrospinal fluid.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/83/d2/10.1177_11772719231204508.PMC10576933.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41239722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Biomarkers in Pharmacovigilance: A Systematic Review of the Literature.","authors":"Maribel Salas,&nbsp;Maxine Gossell-Williams,&nbsp;Priyanka Yalamanchili,&nbsp;Sameer Dhingra,&nbsp;Marina A Malikova,&nbsp;Omar Aimer,&nbsp;Toluwalope Junaid","doi":"10.1177/11772719231164528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719231164528","url":null,"abstract":"Background The use of biomarkers varies from disease etiognosis and diagnosis to signal detection, risk prediction, and management. Biomarker use has expanded in recent years, however, there are limited reviews on the use of biomarkers in pharmacovigilance and specifically in the monitoring and management of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Objective The objective of this manuscript is to identify the multiple uses of biomarkers in pharmacovigilance irrespective of the therapeutic area. Design This is a systematic review of the literature. Data Sources and Methods Embase and MEDLINE database searches were conducted for literature published between 2010-March 19, 2021. Scientific articles that described the potential use of biomarkers in pharmacovigilance in sufficient detail were reviewed. Papers that did not fulfill the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) definition of a biomarker were excluded, which is based on the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH)-E16 guidance. Results Twenty-seven articles were identified for evaluation. Most articles involved predictive biomarkers (41%), followed by safety biomarkers (38%), pharmacodynamic/response biomarkers (14%), and diagnostic biomarkers (7%). Some articles described biomarkers that applied to multiple categories. Conclusion Various categories of biomarkers including safety, predictive, pharmacodynamic/response, and diagnostic biomarkers are being investigated for potential use in pharmacovigilance. The most frequent potential uses of biomarkers in pharmacovigilance in the literature were the prediction of the severity of an ADR, mortality, response, safety, and toxicity. The safety biomarkers identified were used to evaluate patient safety during dose escalation, identify patients who may benefit from further biomarker testing during treatment, and monitor ADRs.","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4b/0e/10.1177_11772719231164528.PMC10108426.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9738493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Latest Developments in Using Proteomic Biomarkers from Urine and Serum for Non-Invasive Disease Diagnosis and Prognosis.","authors":"Anurag Shama,&nbsp;Thomson Soni,&nbsp;Ishwerpreet Kaur Jawanda,&nbsp;Garima Upadhyay,&nbsp;Anshika Sharma,&nbsp;Vijay Prabha","doi":"10.1177/11772719231190218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719231190218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to diagnostic improvements, medical diagnostics is demanding non-invasive or minimally invasive methods. Non-invasively obtained body fluids (eg., Urine, serum) can replace cerebral fluid, amniotic fluid, synovial fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and others for diagnostic reasons. Many illnesses are induced by perturbations of cellular signaling pathways and associated pathway networks as a result of genetic abnormalities. These disturbances are represented by a shift in the protein composition of the fluids surrounding the tissues and organs that is, tissue interstitial fluid (TIF). These variant proteins may serve as diagnostic \"signatures\" for a variety of disorders. This review provides a concise summary of urine and serum biomarkers that may be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of a variety of disorders, including cancer, brain diseases, kidney diseases, and other system diseases. The studies reviewed in this article suggest that serum and urine biomarkers of various illnesses may be therapeutically useful for future diagnostics. Correct illness management is crucial for disease prognosis, hence non-invasive serum and urine biomarkers have been extensively studied for diagnosis, subclassification, monitoring disease activity, and predicting treatment results and consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1d/f4/10.1177_11772719231190218.PMC10387783.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9916593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caveat Medicus: It's Time to Re-Think Stratification, You May Not Be Helping.","authors":"Ognjen Arandjelović","doi":"10.1177/11772719231174746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719231174746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The focus of the present Letter is on the large and seemingly fertile body of work captured under the umbrella of 'patient stratification'.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>I identify and explain a fundamental methodological flaw underlying the manner in which the development of an increasingly large number of new stratification strategies is approached.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>I show an inherent conflict between the assumptions made, and the very purpose of stratification and its application in practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>I analyse the methodological underpinnings of stratification as presently done and draw parallels with conceptually similarly flawed precedents which are now widely recognized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highlighted flaw is shown to undermine the overarching ultimate goal of improved patient outcomes by undue fixation on an ill-founded proxy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>I issue a call for a re-think of the problem and the processes leading to the adoption of new stratification strategies in the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10186568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9495459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Prognostic Club Cell Secretory Protein (CC16) Cut-point in an Independent ALTA Cohort.","authors":"Sultan Almuntashiri,&nbsp;Aaron Chase,&nbsp;Andrea Sikora,&nbsp;Duo Zhang","doi":"10.1177/11772719231156308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719231156308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Club cell secretory protein (CC16) has demonstrated utility as a lung-specific biomarker in predicting mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). These findings have been observed in pre-clinical trials and a re-analysis of a large, randomized controlled trial of ARDS (Fluid and Catheter Treatment Trial (FACTT)).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to validate previous findings by evaluating CC16 level as a mortality predictor in patients from the albuterol to treat acute lung injury (ALTA) trial.</p><p><strong>Design and method: </strong>In this secondary biomarker analysis, plasma CC16 level was measured from 100 ALTA subjects using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The rate of mortality was assessed in patients with high (⩾45 ng/mL) versus low CC16 (<45 ng/mL) levels. This cut-off level was applied based on our previous analysis from FACTT trial. Significance was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and a log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects were an average of 50 years old and 46% of them were females. Patients with high CC16 levels had higher 90-day mortality compared to those with low CC16 levels, (37.73% vs 8.95%, <i>P</i> < .001). Other clinical outcomes including ICU-free days, ventilator-free days, and organ failure free days were significantly different between the groups (All <i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this validation study, we demonstrated that ARDS patients with high plasma CC16 concentration had a higher mortality rate than those with low CC16 levels, confirming previous findings that CC16 levels are associated with ARDS mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4b/71/10.1177_11772719231156308.PMC9940244.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9088963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copeptin Reflect Left Ventricular Systolic Function at Early Stage of Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Pig Model.","authors":"Wenjia Li,&nbsp;Wenjian Sun,&nbsp;Liang Lyu,&nbsp;Gang Wang,&nbsp;Weixin Yang,&nbsp;Hongfei An,&nbsp;Liling Chen,&nbsp;Jianhui Fan,&nbsp;Yan Yue,&nbsp;Rongshun Zhang","doi":"10.1177/11772719231171764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719231171764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Measurement of biomarkers early after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) might provide a cost-effective and widely available tool to assess infarct severity, myocardial dysfunction, and clinical outcomes. We aimed to induce AMI in miniature pigs, measure the levels of serum biomarkers and global LV function dynamically and explore the release kinetics and optimal sampling time points of copeptin and its correlation with global LV function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We induced AMI in the experimental group using a closed-chest model. Left ventricular (LV) function was detected by dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) and serum copeptin was determined by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The serum copeptin levels were increased at 1 hour, peaked at 3 hours, gradually decreased after 6 hours, and returned to baseline 3 days after AMI. At 3 to 6 hours, the copeptin cutoff of 16.97 to 17.44 pmol/l had 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity (<i>P</i> ⩽ .001) for AMI. Serum copeptin levels at 3 hours and 3 days were negatively correlated with the 3-hours LVEF (<i>P</i> ⩽ .001), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum copeptin levels change in time, and measurements at 3 to 6 hours after AMI had the highest predictive value.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/02/e7/10.1177_11772719231171764.PMC10155031.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10289659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a Customized Tertiary Analysis Platform for the Reporting of Somatic Variants.","authors":"Kala F Schilter,&nbsp;Sarah Dubay,&nbsp;Matt Stachowiak,&nbsp;Alysia Kaplan,&nbsp;Abby Stauffenger,&nbsp;Honey V Reddi","doi":"10.1177/11772719231178618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719231178618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precision medicine for oncology requires the evaluation of variants identified in molecular profiling of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. This includes evaluation of pre-analytical and postanalytical quality metrics, variant interpretation, classification, and tiering as outlined in established guidelines, association with clinical significance such as FDA approved drugs and clinical trials, and finally comprehensive reporting. This study documents our experience with the customization and implementation of a software platform that facilitates these requirements for effective reporting of somatic variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/63/ba/10.1177_11772719231178618.PMC10259170.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9686203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the Diagnostic Accuracy of Novel Urine Biomarkers for Urinary Tract Infection?","authors":"George Edwards,&nbsp;Anna Seeley,&nbsp;Adam Carter,&nbsp;Maia Patrick Smith,&nbsp;Elizabeth LA Cross,&nbsp;Kathryn Hughes,&nbsp;Ann Van den Bruel,&nbsp;Martin J Llewelyn,&nbsp;Jan Y Verbakel,&nbsp;Gail Hayward","doi":"10.1177/11772719221144459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719221144459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary tract infection (UTI) affects half of women at least once in their lifetime. Current diagnosis involves urinary dipstick and urine culture, yet both methods have modest diagnostic accuracy, and cannot support decision-making in patient populations with high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria, such as older adults. Detecting biomarkers of host response in the urine of hosts has the potential to improve diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To synthesise the evidence of the diagnostic accuracy of novel biomarkers for UTI, and of their ability to differentiate UTI from asymptomatic bacteriuria.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review.</p><p><strong>Data sources and methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science for studies of novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of UTI. We excluded studies assessing biomarkers included in urine dipsticks as these have been well described previously. We included studies of adult patients (≥16 years) with a suspected or confirmed urinary tract infection using microscopy and culture as the reference standard. We excluded studies using clinical signs and symptoms, or urine dipstick only as a reference standard. Quality appraisal was performed using QUADAS-2. We summarised our data using point estimates and data accuracy statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 37 studies on 4009 adults measuring 66 biomarkers. Study quality was limited by case-control design and study size; only 4 included studies had a prospective cohort design. IL-6 and IL-8 were the most studied biomarkers. We found plausible evidence to suggest that IL-8, IL-6, GRO-a, sTNF-1, sTNF-2 and MCR may benefit from more rigorous evaluation of their potential diagnostic value for UTI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is insufficient evidence to recommend the use of any novel biomarker for UTI diagnosis at present. Further evaluation of the more promising candidates, is needed before they can be recommended for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9902898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10679738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}