Biomarker Insights最新文献

{"title":"Correlation Analyses Between Serum Interleukin-7, Interleukin-15 and Lactate Provide Insights Into Their Potential Roles in the Regulation of Inflammation in Elderly Septic Patients.","authors":"Jingjing Zhao, Ye Zhang, Jun-Yu Wang, Bing Wei, Yu-Geng Liu","doi":"10.1177/11772719241275525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/11772719241275525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our previous research have identified Interleukin (IL)-7 and IL-15 as prognostic biomarkers for elderly septic patients, however, little is known about the link between the serum levels of IL-7, IL-15, and lactate as well as their potential roles in the regulation of inflammation in elderly septic patients.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed at investigating the link between the serum levels of IL-7, IL-15, and lactate as well as with other factors in elderly septic patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is a retrospective study including 129 elderly patients with sepsis who were divided into the survival group (N = 34) and the nonsurvival group (N = 95) and further subgrouped based on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The baseline data and clinical parameters were recorded within 24 h upon admission. Serum levels of the cytokines were quantified by the Luminex assay. Spearman correlation analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum levels of IL-6, IL-7, IL-15, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly higher in the nonsurvival group (<i>P</i> < .05). Correlations between serum levels of IL-7 and platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA), as well as correlations between IL-15, IL-6, and TNF-α were confirmed (<i>P</i> < .05). Both the serum levels of lactate and IL-15 correlated with the total counts of platelet (PLT) in the survival subgroup with low APACHE Ⅱ scores while the serum levels of IL-7, IL-15, and total counts of monocytes correlated with each other in the nonsurvival subgroup with different APACHE Ⅱ scores (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Knowledge of the regulation networks between serum levels of IL-7, IL-15, lactate, and other cytokines may provide insights into potential mechanisms in the modulation of inflammation in elderly septic patients and facilitate more prompt and accurate treatment to reduce the mortality rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11384522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of RNA Processing Genes in Colon Cancer for Predicting Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Jianwen Hu, Yingze Ning, Yongchen Ma, Lie Sun, Guowei Chen","doi":"10.1177/11772719241258642","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719241258642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Colon cancer is associated with multiple levels of molecular heterogeneity. RNA processing converts primary transcriptional RNA to mature RNA, which drives tumourigenesis and its maintenance. The characterisation of RNA processing genes in colon cancer urgently needs to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we obtained 1033 relevant samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to explore the heterogeneity of RNA processing phenotypes in colon cancer. Firstly, Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis detected 4 subtypes with specific clinical outcomes and biological features via analysis of 485 RNA processing genes. Next, we adopted the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) as well as Cox regression model with penalty to characterise RNA processing-related prognostic features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An RNA processing-related prognostic risk model based on 10 genes including <i>FXR1</i>, <i>MFAP1</i>, <i>RBM17</i>, <i>SAGE1</i>, <i>SNRPA1</i>, <i>SRRM4</i>, <i>ADAD1</i>, <i>DDX52</i>, <i>ERI1</i>, and <i>EXOSC7</i> was identified finally. A composite prognostic nomogram was constructed by combining this feature with the remaining clinical variables including TNM, age, sex, and stage. Genetic variation, pathway activation, and immune heterogeneity with risk signatures were also analysed via bioinformatics methods. The outcomes indicated that the high-risk subgroup was associated with higher genomic instability, increased proliferative and cycle characteristics, decreased tumour killer CD8⁺ T cells and poorer clinical prognosis than the low-risk group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This prognostic classifier based on RNA-edited genes facilitates stratification of colon cancer into specific subgroups according to TNM and clinical outcomes, genetic variation, pathway activation, and immune heterogeneity. It can be used for diagnosis, classification and targeted treatment strategies comparable to current standards in precision medicine. It provides a rationale for elucidation of the role of RNA editing genes and their clinical significance in colon cancer as prognostic markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11331464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Characterization of Plasma Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Associated With Inflammation.","authors":"Víctor Urbiola-Salvador, Agnieszka Jabłońska, Dominika Miroszewska, Weronika Kamysz, Katarzyna Duzowska, Kinga Drężek-Chyła, Ronny Baber, René Thieme, Ines Gockel, Marek Zdrenka, Ewa Śrutek, Łukasz Szylberg, Michał Jankowski, Dariusz Bała, Wojciech Zegarski, Tomasz Nowikiewicz, Wojciech Makarewicz, Agnieszka Adamczyk, Aleksandra Ambicka, Marcin Przewoźnik, Agnieszka Harazin-Lechowska, Janusz Ryś, Katarzyna Macur, Paulina Czaplewska, Natalia Filipowicz, Arkadiusz Piotrowski, Jan P Dumanski, Zhi Chen","doi":"10.1177/11772719241257739","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719241257739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis is determined by the disease stage with low survival rates for advanced stages. Current CRC screening programs are mainly using colonoscopy, limited by its invasiveness and high cost. Therefore, non-invasive, cost-effective, and accurate alternatives are urgently needed.</p><p><strong>Objective and design: </strong>This retrospective multi-center plasma proteomics study was performed to identify potential blood-based biomarkers in 36 CRC patients and 26 healthy volunteers by high-resolution mass spectrometry proteomics followed by the validation in an independent CRC cohort (60 CRC patients and 44 healthy subjects) of identified selected biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 322 identified plasma proteins, 37 were changed between CRC patients and healthy volunteers and were associated with the complement cascade, cholesterol metabolism, and SERPIN family members. Increased levels in CRC patients of the complement proteins C1QB, C4B, and C5 as well as pro-inflammatory proteins, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and serum amyloid A4, constitutive (SAA4) were revealed for first time. Importantly, increased level of C5 was verified in an independent validation CRC cohort. Increased C4B and C8A levels were correlated with cancer-associated inflammation and CRC progression, while cancer-associated inflammation was linked to the acute-phase reactant leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) and ceruloplasmin. Moreover, a 4-protein signature including C4B, C8A, apolipoprotein C2 (APO) C2, and immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 2 was changed between early and late CRC stages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that C5 could be a potential biomarker for CRC diagnosis. Further validation studies will aid the application of these new potential biomarkers to improve CRC diagnosis and patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11191626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the Intricacies of Tumor Heterogeneity: An Insight into Potential Prognostic Breast Cancer Biomarkers.","authors":"Nastassia Altriche, Simone Gallant, Tanya Nadine Augustine, Kutlwano Rekgopetswe Xulu","doi":"10.1177/11772719241256798","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719241256798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with diverse histological and molecular subtypes. Luminal breast tumors are the most diagnosed subtype. In luminal breast cancer, hormone receptors (including ER, PR, HER2) play a diagnostic and prognostic role. Despite the effectiveness of endocrine therapy in luminal breast tumors, tumor recurrence and resistance occur, and this may highlight evolutionary strategies for survival driven by stemness. In this review we thus consider the association between estrogen signaling and stemness in mediating tumor processes. Many studies report stemness as one of the factors promoting tumor progression. Its association with estrogen signaling warrants further investigation and provides an opportunity for the identification of novel biomarkers which may be used for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes. Breast cancer stem cells have been characterized (CD44⁺ CD24^-) and their role in promoting treatment resistance and tumor recurrence widely studied; however, the complexity of tumor progression which also involve microenvironmental factors suggests the existence of more varied cell phenotypes which mediate stemness and its role in tumor progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Association Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and the <i>APOA5</i> rs662799 and <i>PLIN1</i> rs894160 Metabolic Variants in the Western Saudi Population: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Sherin Bakhashab, Asma A Batarfi, Mahinar M Alhartani, Rola Turki, Wessam Mady","doi":"10.1177/11772719241258585","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719241258585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinological condition affecting women of reproductive age, associated with insulin resistance and obesity. PCOS pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial, involving genetic and environmental factors.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine and compare genotype and allele frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein A5 (<i>APOA5</i>; rs662799) and perilipin 1 (<i>PLIN1</i>; rs894160, rs1052700 and rs6496589) genes in Western Saudi women to investigate their association with PCOS and its clinical characteristics.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>This was a case-control study conducted on women with (<i>n</i> = 104) and without (<i>n</i> = 87) PCOS. The SNPs were genotyped using TaqMan genotyping assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant and direct associations were detected between PCOS susceptibility and <i>APOA5</i> SNP rs662799 and <i>PLIN1</i> SNP rs894160 (<i>P</i> < .001). For <i>APOA5</i> SNP rs662799, women with the A allele were more likely to have PCOS (relative risk [RR] = 1.348, odds ratio [OR] = 2.313, <i>P</i> < .001) and hypertriglyceridaemia (OR = 17.0, <i>P</i> = .5) than women with the G allele. For <i>PLIN1</i> SNP rs894160, women with the T allele were more likely to have PCOS than women with the C allele (RR = 8.043, OR = 7.427, <i>P</i> < .001). For <i>PLIN1</i> SNP rs1052700, women with the TT genotype were more likely to have hyperandrogenism (OR = 29.75, <i>P</i> = .02) and an irregular period (OR = 0.07, <i>P</i> = .040) than women with the AT genotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified novel alleles and genotypes contributing to the genetic risk of PCOS in the Western Saudi population.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11181890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Serum Proteomes Expressed from Benzene Exposure Among Gasoline Station Attendants.","authors":"Chan Pattama Polyong, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Jintana Sirivarasai, Tanongsak Yingratanasuk, Anamai Thetkathuek","doi":"10.1177/11772719241259604","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719241259604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research on the proteomes impact of benzene exposure in fuel station employees remains sparse, underscoring the need for detailed health impact assessments focusing on biomarker evaluation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This investigation aimed to analyze the differences in blood parameters and serum proteomes resulting from benzene exposure between gasoline station attendants (B-GSA) and a control group.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 96 participants, comprising 54 in the B-GSA group and 42 in the control group. The methodology employed included an interview questionnaire alongside urine and blood sample collections. The urine samples were analyzed for <i>trans,trans</i>-muconic acid (<i>t,t</i>-MA) levels, while the blood samples underwent complete blood count analysis and proteome profiling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-shift analysis indicated that the B-GSA group exhibited significantly higher levels of <i>t,t</i>-MA and monocytes compared to the control group (<i>P</i> < .05). Proteome quantification identified 1448 proteins differentially expressed between the B-GSA and control groups. Among these, 20 proteins correlated with the levels of <i>t,t</i>-MA in urine. Notably, 4 proteins demonstrated more than a 2-fold down-regulation in the B-GSA group: HBS1-like, non-structural maintenance of chromosomes element 1 homolog, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4, and zinc finger protein 658. The KEGG pathway analysis revealed associations with apoptosis, cancer pathways, p53 signaling, and the TNF signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The changes in these 4 significant proteins may elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying benzene toxicity and suggest their potential as biomarkers for benzene poisoning in future assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11168042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNAs in Umbilical Cord Blood and Development in Full-Term Newborns: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Liang-Jen Wang, Ching-Chang Tsai, How-Ran Chao, Sheng-Yu Lee, Chih-Cheng Chen, Sung-Chou Li","doi":"10.1177/11772719241258017","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719241258017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exploring the epigenetic regulations, such as microRNA, in newborns holds significant promise for enhancing our ability to address and potentially prevent early-life developmental delays.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hence, this research seeks to investigate if the expression of miRNA in the umbilical cord blood of infants can forecast their developmental outcomes as they grow older.</p><p><strong>Design and method: </strong>We enrolled 143 full-term newborns, delivered either via cesarean section (CS) or through natural spontaneous delivery (NSD). We then analyzed the profiles of specific miRNAs (miR-486-5p, miR-126-5p, miR-140-3p, miR-151a-3p, miR-142-5p, and miR-30e-5p) in the umbilical cord blood of these infants. Subsequently, we performed follow-up assessments using Bayley-III scores when the cohort reached 1 year of age. Furthermore, we conducted pathway-enrichment analyses on the target genes associated with these examined miRNAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When comparing newborns delivered via cesarean section (CS) to those born via natural spontaneous delivery (NSD), we observed notable differences. Specifically, newborns through NSD displayed significantly higher ΔCt values for miR-486-5p, alongside lower ΔCt values for miR-126-5p and miR-151a-3p in their cord blood. At 1 year of age, cognitive development was significantly linked to the ΔCt values of miR-140-3p and miR-142-5p, while language development showed a significant association with the ΔCt values of miR-140-3p. Moreover, our pathway enrichment analyses revealed that the target genes of these miRNAs were consistently involved in the pathways related to neurons, such as axon guidance and the neurotrophin signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, this study represents a pioneering effort in elucidating the potential connections between miRNA levels in cord blood and the health indicators and neurodevelopment of newborns at 1 year of age. Our findings underscore the significance of miRNA levels at birth in influencing mechanisms related to neurodevelopment.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11165956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of 10 Polymorphisms in PLA2R1 and HLA DQA1 Genes with Primary Membranous Nephropathy Risk: A Meta-Analysis and a Meta-Regression.","authors":"Tarak Dhaouadi, Awatef Riahi, Taïeb Ben Abdallah, Yousr Gorgi, Imen Sfar","doi":"10.1177/11772719241259602","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719241259602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although, several studies have assessed the association of the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and HLA-DQA1 SNPs with primary membranous nephropathy (PMN), results were inconsistent and between-studies heterogeneity needs to be investigated.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this review was to summarize existing data on the contribution of 10 SNPs in the PLA2R and HLA-DQA1 genes to PMN susceptibility and to investigate the between-studies heterogeneity by subgroup analyses and meta-regressions.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.</p><p><strong>Data sources and methods: </strong>An electronic literature search for eligible studies among all papers published prior to January 10, 2024, was conducted through PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science and Scopus databases. Meta-analyses together with subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were performed for the 10 following SNPs: rs4664308, rs3749117, rs3749119, rs35771982, rs3828323, rs16844715, rs1511223, rs6757188, rs2715918, and rs2187668.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Combined analyses revealed a significant increase in PMN risk conferred by the following alleles: rs4664308*A, rs3749117*T, rs3749119*C, rs35771982*G, rs3828323*C, rs16844715*C, rs1511223*A, rs2715918*A, and rs2187668*A, all <i>P</i>-values < .001. Moreover, the PLA2R-rs4664308/HLA-DQA1-rs2187668 interaction was significantly associated with an increased PMN risk, <i>P</i> < .001. However, there was a substantial between-studies heterogeneity for some SNPs. Subgroup analyses by ethnicity for the 9 PLA2R SNPs did not show any cross-ethnic disparity. Inversely, the risk conferred by the HLA-DQA1 rs2187668*A allele was significantly higher in Caucasians (OR [95% CI] = 3.929 [3.251-4.748]) than in Asians (OR [95% CI] = 2.537 [1.94-3.318], <i>P</i> = .007. Besides, meta-regressions revealed for the majority of investigated SNPs significant correlations of the effect size with albumin, 24-hours proteinuria, serum creatinine, and eGFR levels. Hence, the influence on PMN risk conferred by the PLA2R and HLA-DQA1 SNPs was rather noted in patients with a severe disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This meta-analysis showed that 9 out of the 10 investigated SNPs in PLA2R and HLA-DQA1 genes were associated with increased PMN risk. Heterogeneity could be due to disparate patient groups in terms of disease presentation for almost all SNPs, and ethnicity for the HLA-DQA1 rs2187668 SNP.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>This review has been registered on PROSPERO: CRD42024506729. Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024506729.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11165966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cytokeratin-18, C-peptide, MHR, and MACK-3 Biomarkers in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.","authors":"Mohamed Hany, Hala M Demerdash, Anwar Ashraf Abouelnasr, Bart Torensma","doi":"10.1177/11772719241256496","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719241256496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has emerged as a valuable treatment for various metabolic disorders, including metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in patients with obesity. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring disease progression.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate specific biomarkers, including Cytokeratin-18 (CK-18), C-peptide, monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR), and MACK-3, in patients with obesity with MAFLD undergoing LSG.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A prospective cohort study on patients with obesity before and 6 months after the LSG procedure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>70 patients with obesity with confirmed MAFLD, determined by Transient Elastography (TE), were pre- and 6 months postoperatively tested. Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile, ghrelin, leptin, peptide YY, GLP-1, and liver fibrosis scores, including AST/ALT ratio (AAR), Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), and BARD Score were tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BMI significantly decreased in all participants, with a % excess weight loss of 62.0% ± 15.4%. TE measurements revealed a significant postoperative reduction from 100% to 87.1% (<i>P</i> = .006). All selected biomarkers showed significant postoperative improvement-a significant association of CK-18 with MAFLD markers, including AAR, FIB-4, and BARD score, were found. MACK-3 had positive associations with FIB-4. C-peptide and MHR showed no association with MAFLD markers. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between CK-18 and MACK-3 tests and between C-peptide and CK-18 and MACK-3. Additionally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed, with CK-18 performing the best, with an estimated area under the curve of 0.863.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum CK-18 outperformed other selected biomarkers in predicting and monitoring MAFLD in patients with obesity, suggesting its prospective utility in clinical practice. Further studies are needed to validate the accuracy of the MACK-3 test.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are We Using Ezetimibe As Much As We Should?","authors":"Antonis A Manolis, Theodora A Manolis, Dimitri P Mikhailidis, Antonis S Manolis","doi":"10.1177/11772719241257410","DOIUrl":"10.1177/11772719241257410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipid-lowering therapies, particularly non-statin regimens, are underutilized as ~2/3 of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) are not optimally managed, and do not attain target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations, despite statin treatment. Statins have been the mainstay of hypolipidemic therapies; however, they are plagued by adverse effects, which have partly hindered their more widespread use. Ezetimibe is often the first added mode of treatment to attain LDL-C goals as it is efficacious and also allows the use of a smaller dose of statin, while the need for more expensive therapies is obviated. We herein provide a comprehensive review of the effects of ezetimibe in lipid lowering and reducing CV events and improving outcomes. Of the hypolipidemic therapies, oral ezetimibe, in contrast to newer agents, is the most convenient and/or affordable regimen to be utilized as mono- or combined therapy supported by data from CV outcomes studies attesting to its efficacy in reducing CVD risk and events. When combined with a statin, the statin dose could be lower, thus curtailing side-effects, while the hypolipidemic effect is enhanced (by ~20%) as the percentage of patients with target level LDL-C (<70 mg/dL) is higher with combined treatment versus a high-intensity statin. Ezetimibe could also serve as an alternative treatment in cases of statin intolerance. In conclusion, ezetimibe has an excellent safety/tolerability profile; it is the first added treatment to a statin that can attain LDL-C targets. In the combined therapy, the hypolipidemic effect is enhanced while the dose of statin could be lower, thus limiting the occurrence of side-effects. Ezetimibe could also serve as an alternative mode of treatment in cases of statin intolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47060,"journal":{"name":"Biomarker Insights","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11143858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}