{"title":"Lottocratic Democracy and the Political Executive","authors":"Eric Shoemaker","doi":"10.1002/japp.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/japp.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lottocratic democrats advocate for replacing elected legislatures with legislatures composed of randomly selected citizens on the basis that elections are comparatively less democratic. However, the role of the executive in a lottocratic democracy remains under-explored. This article addresses the worry that randomly selected citizens lack the specialized knowledge required to manage complex executive functions. To show that such concerns are unwarranted, I demonstrate how a lottocratic executive could be constructed which in its competence-sensitive aspects hardly differs from existing executives in parliamentary electoral democracies. By comparing this model to current practices in Canada and the United Kingdom, where non-expert ministers successfully oversee expert bureaucracies, I demonstrate that a lottocratic executive is practically feasible. As a result, if lottocratic democracy is democratically superior to electoral democracy, then lottocratic legislatures ought to be accompanied by lottocratic executives. This executive model would ensure genuine democratic accountability without sacrificing the epistemic advantages of professional administration.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Philosophy","volume":"43 3","pages":"714-732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148533840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘Pre-Technologies’ and the Lifeworld: Assistive Technologies as ‘Pre-Technologies’ for Self-Formation as Freedom","authors":"Sarel Marais","doi":"10.1002/japp.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/japp.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article identifies assistive technologies (ATs) as ‘pre-technologies’ mediating access to other technologies for disabled subjects (DSs). The motivation is to show that without ATs, DSs cannot be said to have the same level of access to freedom and self-forming activities as able-bodied subjects. I make this point through arguing that freedom in relation to power is predicated on freedom in relation to technology. I analyse Verbeek's argument that self-formation is only possible through a relation to technology that continuously sets the norms and codes of society. I further analyse Verbeek with reference to Foucault's argument that freedom is relational to power, and that freedom is manifested through self-forming activities in relation to the codes and norms of a society. In this way I create a relation between Verbeek's understanding of freedom and Foucault's notion of ‘self-formation’ that demonstrates that self-forming activities entail the ability to choose how to relate to the norms and conditions of possibility generated by technology. This ability for what I will refer to as ‘authentic’ choice then leads me to argue in conclusion that ATs function as ‘<i>pre</i>-technologies’ pre-conditioning access to other technologies through which DSs mediate their lifeworld.</p>","PeriodicalId":47057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Philosophy","volume":"43 3","pages":"754-774"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/japp.70089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148533370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Property-Owning Democracy and the Socialization of Land","authors":"Nicole Whalen","doi":"10.1002/japp.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/japp.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a growing urgency to address economic and ecological injustices related to land use and distribution. One of the most pressing concerns includes the increasing acquisition of land for investment purposes. The financialization of land contributes to the expansion of industrial agriculture as well as growing inequality and rising costs in the value of land. In light of these issues, an egalitarian approach to socializing productive capital might seem like a good solution. In this article, I argue that socialization, as conceived in some contemporary models of property-owning democracy (POD), encounters two problems as a solution to the financialization of land. First, insofar as POD theorizes property ownership in terms of corporate share ownership, it does not ensure sufficient control over an asset by its owner. Second, because land is a source of natural capital, and, therefore, susceptible to ecological depletion, it should not be treated like other income-producing assets on the POD model. I conclude with a proposal for how such theories might be modified to address the special requirements of land in their approach to socialization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Philosophy","volume":"43 3","pages":"692-713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148522821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Who Am I When You're a Bot? Relational Identity and AI Companions","authors":"Muriel Leuenberger","doi":"10.1002/japp.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/japp.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Self-conceptions provide a framework through which we can make sense of ourselves, interpret and navigate the world, plan our lives, and relate to others. Relational influences can greatly shape them, for instance, when others react to us or offer advice. What if this ‘other’ is not a human being, but an AI? AI companions (AICs) are dialogue systems that offer highly agreeable, low-risk, and personalized ‘friendships’ or ‘romantic partnerships’ which can influence users' identities. This article identifies risks and opportunities AICs pose to users' practical interests regarding their self-conceptions. Risks arise from overly positive or missing feedback, incoherence between belief and experience, lack of relational depth and empathy, third-party dependence, and social stigma. At the same time, AICs may support identity interests by fostering self-reflection, providing affirmation and enabling safe identity exploration. Based on this analysis, the article offers design recommendations to help align AIC development with users' identity needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":47057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Philosophy","volume":"43 3","pages":"816-832"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/japp.70094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148522850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The We-Relationship as a Key to Addressing Dementia-Related Ambiguous Loss","authors":"Takuya Niikawa, Xue Li","doi":"10.1002/japp.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/japp.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pauline Boss describes the challenges faced by people caring for family members with dementia in terms of ambiguous loss – a condition in which the physical presence of the person with dementia coexists with their psychological absence. This article proposes the concept of we-relationship as a key to addressing dementia-related ambiguous loss. Roughly defined, two or more people stand in a we-relationship if (1) they engage in a joint action and (2) that action can be described using ‘we’ as its subject. We offer a more detailed account of this concept and argue that cultivating a we-relationship can help caregivers enhance the quality of their interactions with family members with dementia. This suggests that health and social care systems should offer greater support and resources to help caregivers establish and maintain we-relationships in dementia care contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":47057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Philosophy","volume":"43 3","pages":"775-792"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/japp.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148533386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contested Territory: A Theory of Land and Democracy beyond Sovereign Bounds. A. Jurkevics, 2025. Oxford, Oxford University Press. x +284 pp, £99 (hb)","authors":"Virginia De Biasio","doi":"10.1002/japp.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/japp.70086","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Philosophy","volume":"43 3","pages":"853-858"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148522822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kymlicka and the Uniqueness of Black Folks","authors":"Chike Jeffers","doi":"10.1002/japp.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/japp.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>I respond to Kymlicka's SAP lecture by placing his discussion of black people in the lecture in the larger context of his wrestling over the course of his career with the uniqueness of black people, especially in North America.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Philosophy","volume":"43 3","pages":"662-676"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What's Wrong with Stereotyping? E. Beeghly, 2025. Oxford, Oxford University Press. ix + 249 pp, £30 (hb)","authors":"Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen","doi":"10.1002/japp.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/japp.70097","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Philosophy","volume":"43 3","pages":"859-864"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148532872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}