Health and Human Rights最新文献_第7页

Five Lessons for Advancing Maternal Health Rights in an Age of Neoliberal Globalization and Conservative Backlash. 在新自由主义全球化和保守主义反弹的时代推进孕产妇健康权利的五个教训。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

Alicia Ely Yamin

{"title":"Five Lessons for Advancing Maternal Health Rights in an Age of Neoliberal Globalization and Conservative Backlash.","authors":"Alicia Ely Yamin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"After considerable progress in recent decades, maternal mortality and morbidity (MMM) either stagnated or worsened in most regions of the globe between 2016 and 2020. The world should be outraged given that we have known the key interventions necessary for preventing MMM for over three-quarters of a century. Since the 1990s, human rights advocacy on MMM has gained crucial ground, demonstrating that entitlements related to maternal health are judicially enforceable and delineating rights-based approaches to health in the context of MMM. Nonetheless, evident retrogressions, coupled with ballooning social inequalities, redoubled austerity post-pandemic, and a conservative populist backlash against reproductive rights, underscore the steep challenges we face. This paper offers five lessons gleaned from what we have achieved during the past 30 years of human rights advocacy on maternal health, and where we have fallen short: (1) maternal health is not a technical challenge alone and is inseparable from reproductive justice; (2) reproductive justice requires strengthening health system infrastructures; (3) we must center the political economy of global health in our advocacy, not just national policies; (4) litigation is part of a larger advocacy toolkit, not a go-it-alone strategy; and (5) we must use metrics that tell us why women are dying and what to do.","PeriodicalId":46953,"journal":{"name":"Health and Human Rights","volume":"25 1","pages":"185-194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8c/86/hhr-25-01-185.PMC10309149.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9750843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Commoditization of Ecosystems within Chile's Mapuche Territory: A Violation of the Human Right to Health. 智利马普切领土内生态系统的商品化:对人权健康的侵犯。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

Marcela Castro Garrido, Ana María Alarcón

{"title":"The Commoditization of Ecosystems within Chile's Mapuche Territory: A Violation of the Human Right to Health.","authors":"Marcela Castro Garrido, Ana María Alarcón","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The Araucanía region of Chile is characterized by a significant rural Indigenous population-the Mapuche people-who preserve their cultural beliefs about the world around them. This region is also distinguished by the conflict between the Mapuche people and the Chilean government. The Chilean state has supported the development of extractive projects such as industrial plantations, hydroelectric plants, and aquaculture, using nature to generate profits. This has collided with the Mapuche's inextricable relationship with nature and territory, which they value as a spiritual and historical space. Our qualitative study, conducted between 2016 and 2019 in three Araucanía territories with large Mapuche populations, sought to explore Mapuche perceptions of nature, their right to health, Indigenous rights generally, and Indigenous communities' relationship with the state. The results show an overall perception among Mapuche communities of an extractive mentality at the heart of the Chilean state, regardless of the administration in power, as well as a belief that the industrial occupation of their territories represents a process of colonialism and the transgression of ancestral rights. This extractivist approach by the state has caused Mapuche communities to witness enormous changes to their ecosystem, with negative impacts on their well-being.","PeriodicalId":46953,"journal":{"name":"Health and Human Rights","volume":"25 1","pages":"95-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/76/5e/hhr-25-01-095.PMC9973514.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10363663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Awareness of the Need for Change: A Constructivist Grounded Theory of Medical Students' Understanding of Human Rights in Mental Health. 变革意识:医学生心理健康人权理解的建构主义基础理论

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

Peter Macsorley, Sarah Gordon, Tracey Gardiner, Giles Newton-Howes

{"title":"Awareness of the Need for Change: A Constructivist Grounded Theory of Medical Students' Understanding of Human Rights in Mental Health.","authors":"Peter Macsorley, Sarah Gordon, Tracey Gardiner, Giles Newton-Howes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, teaching in psychiatry has had a passing focus on human rights. Against this backdrop, the aim of this study was to construct a theory of the learning value of a service user-led human rights-focused teaching program for final-year medical students. We used descriptive qualitative analysis based on constructivist grounded theory to examine final-year medical students' understandings of human rights following a formal teaching program. The overarching theory that emerged focuses on an awareness of the need for change within student learning. This involves both a need for understanding the mental health care system and a need for self-reflection. These two processes appear to interact, promoting learning about the value of a human rights focus. While acknowledging the difficulties in securing such a change, students felt that doing so would be valuable to the practice of mental health. This service user-led human rights teaching program produced new awareness in medical students, both in terms of their understanding of their own biases and in terms of understanding the influence of systemic and structural elements of the psychiatric system on the protection of service users' human rights. Teaching human rights in psychiatry is likely to enrich their future self-reflective practice.","PeriodicalId":46953,"journal":{"name":"Health and Human Rights","volume":"25 1","pages":"161-169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/51/23/hhr-25-01-161.PMC10309151.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global Social Medicine for an Equitable and Just Future. 全球社会医学促进公平和公正的未来。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

Carlos Piñones-Rivera, Ángel Martínez-Hernáez, Michelle E Morse, Kavya Nambiar, Joel Ferrall, Seth M Holmes

引用次数: 0

Food Security as a Social Determinant of Health: Tackling Inequalities in Primary Health Care in Spain. 粮食安全是健康的社会决定因素:解决西班牙初级保健中的不平等问题。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

Mireia Campanera, Mercè Gasull, Mabel Gracia-Arnaiz

{"title":"Food Security as a Social Determinant of Health: Tackling Inequalities in Primary Health Care in Spain.","authors":"Mireia Campanera, Mercè Gasull, Mabel Gracia-Arnaiz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Food insecurity can be understood as a manifestation of health inequality and thus a deprivation of the right to health. This paper explores the strategies followed in primary health care centers in Spain to care for people struggling to regularly access healthy, safe, and sufficient food. Ethnographically based, our study analyzes, on the one hand, the resources available to primary health care teams to assess the social determinants of health and, on the other, the importance that professionals give to food in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to inequality. Given that our study was carried out during the recent economic and health crises, the results show the difficulties faced by these centers in responding to constantly changing social needs. Budget cuts, a lack of specific or structural actions, and the invisibilization of particular expressions of inequality have proven challenging to the aim of providing integrated care capable of recognizing the environmental factors that condition patient health. In the case of food insecurity, our study found that there are no instruments in primary care centers to identify and therefore address this insecurity. We explore whether this is due mainly to the growing lack of means or more to the fact that the relationship between material living conditions, food, and health has been downplayed-and the responsibility of the health system in guaranteeing the right to food correspondingly diluted.","PeriodicalId":46953,"journal":{"name":"Health and Human Rights","volume":"25 1","pages":"9-21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/19/e6/hhr-25-01-009.PMC9973507.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9698915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenging the US Supreme Court's Majority Ruling on Roe v. Wade at the International Human Rights Level. 在国际人权层面挑战美国最高法院对罗伊诉韦德案的多数裁决。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

Marge Berer

{"title":"Challenging the US Supreme Court's Majority Ruling on Roe v. Wade at the International Human Rights Level.","authors":"Marge Berer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes that US human rights experts and abortion rights advocates challenge the striking down of Roe v. Wade in June 2022 by the majority of US Supreme Court justices because of the multiple human rights violations it has engendered. The paper has three parts. The first part summarizes the compelling response of the three dissenting Supreme Court justices to the majority ruling, which spells out those violations in detail. The second part offers a history of cases of violations of human rights related to abortion in other countries that have been heard and adjudicated by a range of human rights bodies in the last 20 years, and their outcomes. It shows that working on these cases has created working relationships between national and international human rights experts and advocates. Based on this information, the third part proposes that US human rights and abortion rights advocates take a case to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights against the US Supreme Court ruling, asking the commission to direct the US government to void the majority ruling on Roe v. Wade-on the grounds that it violates the human rights of anyone who seeks an abortion and potentially also of those whose wanted pregnancies become a risk to their health and life and need to be terminated. And if the United States does not agree, the commission should refer the case to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights.","PeriodicalId":46953,"journal":{"name":"Health and Human Rights","volume":"25 1","pages":"195-206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/84/14/hhr-25-01-195.PMC10309145.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disability Justice as Part of Structural Competency: Infra/structures of Deafness, Cochlear Implantation, and Re/habilitation in India. 残疾正义作为结构能力的一部分:耳聋的基础/结构，人工耳蜗植入，和再/康复在印度。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

Michele Friedner

{"title":"Disability Justice as Part of Structural Competency: Infra/structures of Deafness, Cochlear Implantation, and Re/habilitation in India.","authors":"Michele Friedner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In 2014, the Indian state revised a key program providing aids and appliances to disabled people to also include cochlear implants for children living below the poverty line. The program is remarkable in its targeting of the poorest of the poor to provide them with expensive technology made by multinational corporations and its development of new surgery and rehabilitation infrastructures throughout India. Based on interviews and participant observation with key stakeholders, this paper argues that in focusing only on \"a right to hearing\" and on cochlear implants as a solution for deafness, health care practitioners ignore the complex work required to maintain cochlear implant infrastructures, as well as the advocacy work done by disability activists in India and internationally to transform existing political, economic, educational, and social structures. Since cochlear implants are the \"gold standard\" in intervening on hearing loss and increasing numbers of countries in the Global South have started state-funded cochlear implant programs, an exploration of India's program provides an opportunity to analyze both the importance of infrastructure and the need to combat ableism within structural competency frameworks. Disability justice is part of structural competency. Ultimately what is at stake is expanding health practitioners' ideas of what it means to maximize potential, particularly in the face of new technological interventions around disability.","PeriodicalId":46953,"journal":{"name":"Health and Human Rights","volume":"25 1","pages":"39-50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fa/b3/hhr-25-01-039.PMC9973512.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9928979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward an Integrated Framework in Health and Human Rights Education: Transformative Pedagogies in Social Medicine, Collective Health, and Structural Competency. 迈向健康和人权教育的综合框架:社会医学、集体健康和结构能力的变革教学法。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

Luis Martin Ortega, Michael J Westerhaus, Amy Finnegan, Aarti Bhatt, Alex Olirus Owilli, Brian Turigye, Youri Encelotti Louis

{"title":"Toward an Integrated Framework in Health and Human Rights Education: Transformative Pedagogies in Social Medicine, Collective Health, and Structural Competency.","authors":"Luis Martin Ortega, Michael J Westerhaus, Amy Finnegan, Aarti Bhatt, Alex Olirus Owilli, Brian Turigye, Youri Encelotti Louis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Global health equity is at a historically tenuous nexus complicated by economic inequality, climate change, mass migration, racialized violence, and global pandemics. Social medicine, collective health, and structural competency are interdisciplinary fields with their own histories and fragmentary implementation in health equity movements situated both locally and globally. In this paper, we review these three fields' historical backgrounds, theoretical underpinnings, and contemporary contributions to global health equity. We believe that intentional dialogue between these fields could promote a generative discourse rooted in a shared understanding of their historical antecedents and theoretical frameworks. We also propose pedagogical tools grounded within our own critical and transformative pedagogies that offer the prospect of bringing these traditions into greater dialogue for the purpose of actualizing the human right to health.","PeriodicalId":46953,"journal":{"name":"Health and Human Rights","volume":"25 1","pages":"105-117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c7/d4/hhr-25-01-105.PMC9973511.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9928981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promoting Patient-Centered Health Care and Health Equity through Health Professionals' Education in Rural Chiapas. 通过恰帕斯农村卫生专业人员教育促进以患者为中心的卫生保健和卫生公平。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

Fátima Rodríguez-Cuevas, Jimena Maza-Colli, Mariana Montaño-Sosa, Martha de Lourdes Arrieta-Canales, Patricia Aristizabal-Hoyos, Zeus Aranda, Hugo Flores-Navarro

{"title":"Promoting Patient-Centered Health Care and Health Equity through Health Professionals' Education in Rural Chiapas.","authors":"Fátima Rodríguez-Cuevas, Jimena Maza-Colli, Mariana Montaño-Sosa, Martha de Lourdes Arrieta-Canales, Patricia Aristizabal-Hoyos, Zeus Aranda, Hugo Flores-Navarro","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2011, the nongovernmental organization Compañeros En Salud, as Partners In Health is known in Mexico, has worked in collaboration with the Mexican Ministry of Health to strengthen the health care system in the Fraylesca and Sierra Mariscal regions of Chiapas, Mexico. In response to the high proportion of abandoned and understaffed clinics in the area, Compañeros En Salud has developed a program to entice medical students from some of the top medical schools in Mexico to spend their \"social service year\" in these facilities, where they receive financial support, on-site clinical mentoring, supplies, clinical support tools, and training in global health and social medicine using a structural competency framework. The idea is to provide high-quality health care to a historically underserved population through a lens of health as a human right. Although other structurally competent global health curricula have been implemented worldwide, primarily in the Global North, the Compañeros En Salud model is unique in that it combines (1) the facilitation of theoretical lectures based on the Social Medicine Consortium's definition of social medicine, (2) global health case discussion and context-reflective experiential simulations, and (3) exposure to patients who suffer the burden of structural injustice. In this paper, we describe the motivations behind the training model, its holistic approach, and the impact of this initiative after a decade of implementation.","PeriodicalId":46953,"journal":{"name":"Health and Human Rights","volume":"25 1","pages":"119-131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fe/e8/hhr-25-01-119.PMC9973509.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9928980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wëlamàlsëwakàn (Good Health): Reimagining the Right to Health through Lenape Epistemologies. Wëlamàlsëwakàn(良好健康):通过Lenape认识论重新构想健康权。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Health and Human Rights Pub Date : 2023-06-01

A Kayum Ahmed, Joe Baker, Hadrien Coumans

引用次数: 0