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Partisan Stereotyping and Polarization in Brazil 巴西的党派成见与两极分化
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.38
David Samuels, Fernando Mello, Cesar Zucco
{"title":"Partisan Stereotyping and Polarization in Brazil","authors":"David Samuels, Fernando Mello, Cesar Zucco","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.38","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, Brazilian voters have grown polarized between supporters of the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party, PT), known as <jats:italic>petistas</jats:italic>, and its opponents, known as <jats:italic>antipetistas</jats:italic>. What explains this animosity? One potential source of polarization is partisan stereotyping, a tendency for partisans to misperceive the social composition of both their own side’s bases of support as well as their opponents’. We show that most Brazilians overestimate the extent to which petistas and antipetistas belong to party-stereotypical groups such as Afro-Brazilians, evangelical Christians, or poor or rich people. We then show that stereotyping is associated with polarization: the greater the bias in perceived partisan group composition, the greater the perceptions of partisan political extremism and feelings of social distance toward the partisan out-group.","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138658209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Partial Presidential Vetoes and Executive–Legislative Bargaining: Chile, 1990–2018 总统部分否决与行政立法谈判：智利，1990-2018 年
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.33
Jorge Belmar Soto, Patricio Navia, Rodrigo Osorio
{"title":"Partial Presidential Vetoes and Executive–Legislative Bargaining: Chile, 1990–2018","authors":"Jorge Belmar Soto, Patricio Navia, Rodrigo Osorio","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.33","url":null,"abstract":"Defined as a credible threat that strengthens the bargaining position of the executive, presidential vetoes, widely understudied, carry a stigma of confrontation between state powers. But under some institutional setups, partial vetoes can be an additional step in the executive–legislative bargaining process. After a discussion of whether partial vetoes are a proactive legislative tool or a bargaining tool to induce executive–legislative cooperation, we test four hypotheses using the 2,346 bills introduced in Chile between 1990 and 2018 that reached a vetoable stage. We identified 97 partial vetoes (4.2 percent) and one total veto. Presidents are more likely to veto bills with more complex legislative processes and when they have stronger support in at least one chamber, but more popular presidents do not veto more bills. As most presidential vetoes in Chile are partial, they are an additional executive–legislative bargaining step in the lawmaking process rather than evidence of hyperpresidentialism.","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138582912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Bureaucratic Politics of Urban Land Rights: (Non)Programmatic Distribution in São Paulo’s Land Regularization Policy 城市土地权利的官僚政治:圣保罗土地正规化政策中的(非)规划分配
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.35
Marcela Alonso Ferreira
{"title":"The Bureaucratic Politics of Urban Land Rights: (Non)Programmatic Distribution in São Paulo’s Land Regularization Policy","authors":"Marcela Alonso Ferreira","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p>How do bureaucrats implement public policy when faced with political intermediation? This article examines this issue in the distribution of land rights to informal settlements in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil. Land regularization is a policy established over three decades, where politicians’ requests for land titles to their constituencies play a relevant role. Based on interviews and documents, this study finds that bureaucrats adopt a twofold approach to regulate distribution: they document informal settlements, enacting eligibility criteria; then, they manage and prioritize beneficiaries, accommodating qualifying political demands. In this process, they enforce eligibility rules consistently across cases, constraining political intermediation to a rational scheme. Therefore, bureaucrats reconcile nonprogrammatic politics and policy rules by separating eligibility assessment from beneficiary selection. This paper bridges urban distributive politics and street-level bureaucracy literature by revealing that policy implementers may use technical expertise to curb political influence and negotiate conflicting interests and constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":" 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138481102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Who Gets Credit? Citizen Responses to Local Public Goods 谁有功劳?市民对地方公共物品的反应
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.25
Katherine McKiernan
{"title":"Who Gets Credit? Citizen Responses to Local Public Goods","authors":"Katherine McKiernan","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.25","url":null,"abstract":"In decentralized systems, citizens struggle to identify which level of government provides local goods. This problem is particularly salient in weakly institutionalized party environments, where politicians at different levels of government are less likely to benefit from partisan coattail effects. This article asks how citizens attribute credit for local public goods. I argue that citizens have a strong tendency to attribute credit to local politicians. As a result, citizens will respond differently to credit-claiming behavior by local and national politicians. Local politicians experience a ceiling effect, in which credit claiming has no effect on how citizens attribute credit. However, national politicians have no such ceiling and can claim credit to increase the likelihood that citizens will attribute credit to them. As a result, both political actors can receive credit for the same local goods. The article tests and supports these theoretical predictions using a vignette survey experiment in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":"107 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Los nadies y las nadies: The Effect of Peacebuilding on Political Behavior in Colombia 失去的女人和失去的女人:建设和平对哥伦比亚政治行为的影响
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.34
Juan David Gelvez, Marcus Johnson
{"title":"Los nadies y las nadies: The Effect of Peacebuilding on Political Behavior in Colombia","authors":"Juan David Gelvez, Marcus Johnson","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.34","url":null,"abstract":"<p>How do peacebuilding institutions affect political behavior? This article studies the historic victory of the Colombian left in the 2022 presidential elections in light of the implementation of local peacebuilding programs through the 2016 Peace Accords. Using a quasi-experimental design, we show that the Development Plans with a Territorial Focus (PDET), a central component of the 2016 Peace Accords between the government and the FARC, increased the vote share for the leftist coalition, Pacto Histórico, in the 2022 elections by increasing voter turnout in PDET regions. In a departure from existing literature, we find that the explanatory effect of violence on vote share is significantly reduced when we include an indicator for PDET implementation and additional covariates. While there is a substantial body of work examining the effects of conflict violence and the presence of armed actors on elections, there has been relatively little focus on how the peacebuilding has affected vote choice and political behavior. We see our project as a bridge to fill this gap in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":"30 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91398697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LAP volume 65 issue 4 Cover and Front matter LAP 第 65 卷第 4 期封面和封底
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.26
{"title":"LAP volume 65 issue 4 Cover and Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":"3 1","pages":"f1 - f3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139294911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Losing Battle Against Neoliberal Trade Agreements in Latin America: Social Resistance Against the MTA Between Ecuador, Peru, and the European Union 拉丁美洲反对新自由主义贸易协定的失败之战：厄瓜多尔、秘鲁和欧盟对MTA的社会抵抗
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.32
Manuel Preusser
{"title":"The Losing Battle Against Neoliberal Trade Agreements in Latin America: Social Resistance Against the MTA Between Ecuador, Peru, and the European Union","authors":"Manuel Preusser","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.32","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the influence of the antineoliberal social movements in Peru and Ecuador in the face of the Multiparty Trade Agreement (MTA) between both countries and the European Union (EU). To identify and analyze this influence, a transdisciplinary theoretical framework was created, integrating debates and concepts from social movement theory and critical international political economy. In Peru, the movement used European allies to establish their demands on the EU’s agenda, which resulted in increased pressure on the government to enforce labor rights and environmental standards. In Ecuador, the movement was able to establish food sovereignty and the rejection of free trade in the national constitution. As a result, the negotiations with the EU were delayed and Ecuador achieved certain exceptions in its adhesion protocol. Nevertheless, both movements were unable to maintain their influence, due to political and socioeconomic dynamics on the domestic and global levels.","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71435196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The National Legislatures in the Enlargement of Mercosur: Paraguay’s Acceptance of Venezuela and Bolivia 南方共同市场扩大中的国家立法机构：巴拉圭接受委内瑞拉和玻利维亚
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.23
André Leite Araujo
{"title":"The National Legislatures in the Enlargement of Mercosur: Paraguay’s Acceptance of Venezuela and Bolivia","authors":"André Leite Araujo","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.23","url":null,"abstract":"Regional integration blocs are subject to the admission of new members, which must be approved by domestic institutions. This article analyzes how the incorporation of Venezuela and Bolivia into Mercosur passed in the Paraguayan Congress. While the first case lasted from 2007 to 2013, demonstrating parliamentary opposition, the second episode took place between 2015 and 2016, suggesting convergence between the executive and legislative branches on the issue. Using process tracing, the unveiled mechanism shows how government and opposition forces act to alter the duration of the bill in Congress and that political parties have a pendular behavior according to political cleavages. Moreover, the findings of this study suggest the existence of a parliamentary veto power in foreign affairs and the importance of having homogeneous coalitions to achieve faster approvals.","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71435197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LAP volume 65 issue 4 Cover and Back matter LAP 第 65 卷第 4 期封面和封底资料
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.27
{"title":"LAP volume 65 issue 4 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":"45 1","pages":"b1 - b2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139293813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Surges vs. Waves: Presidents, Popularity, and the Diffusion of Conditional Cash Transfers in Latin America 浪潮与浪潮：拉丁美洲总统、民众和有条件现金转移的扩散
IF 1.9 2区 社会学
Latin American Politics and Society Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/lap.2023.30
Diego Vega
{"title":"Surges vs. Waves: Presidents, Popularity, and the Diffusion of Conditional Cash Transfers in Latin America","authors":"Diego Vega","doi":"10.1017/lap.2023.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.30","url":null,"abstract":"Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) are a striking case of policy diffusion in Latin America. Almost all countries in the region adopted the model within one decade. While most theories of diffusion focus on the international transference of ideas, this article explains that surge of adoptions by analyzing presidents’ expectations. Out of all ideas transmitted into a country, only a few find their way into enactment and implementation, and the executive has a key role in selecting which ones. Policies expected to boost presidents’ popularity grab their attention. They rapidly enact and implement these models. A process-tracing analysis comparing CCTs and public-private partnerships (PPPs) shows that presidents fast-tracked CCTs hoping for an increase in popular support. Adoptions of PPPs, however, followed normal procedures and careful deliberations because the policy was not expected to quickly affect popularity—which, in the aggregate, leads to a slower diffusion wave.","PeriodicalId":46899,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Politics and Society","volume":"92 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71435469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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