Zachary W. Arth, Mackenzie P. Pike, Patrick C. Gentile, Brandon Bruce, Daniel Capuano
{"title":"Competing Together, Nations Apart: Identity and Nationality at the 2023 World Baseball Classic","authors":"Zachary W. Arth, Mackenzie P. Pike, Patrick C. Gentile, Brandon Bruce, Daniel Capuano","doi":"10.1177/21674795241237230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241237230","url":null,"abstract":"The 2023 World Baseball Classic (WBC) featured over 600 players representing 20 countries. Due to relaxed eligibility requirements, over one quarter of the players represented countries that differed from their birth nation. Through the lens of Social Identity Theory, the guiding research question of this study asked how identity is enacted and discussed when player nationality either aligns or does not align with the country they represent in the WBC. All WBC games featured on Fox networks were analyzed and any phrase describing a player was transcribed and coded utilizing a performance, personality, and physicality taxonomy resulting in 5937 phrases attributed to 547 players. Results indicate that those with aligned birth countries and WBC teams were depicted more positively with a higher rate of comments about their talent, experience, and composure. Those with misaligned teams and nationalities were described in greater detail regarding their backgrounds and connection to their WBC team. U.S.-born players representing a different country received significantly more comments pertaining to their U.S. roots; the reverse was true for those born abroad as their birth countries were more often referenced when they aligned with their WBC team thus suggesting a degree of in- and out-grouping by the commentators.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140057781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Narrative Storytelling as a Fan Conversion Tool in the Netflix Docuseries Drive to Survive","authors":"Caroline Soble, Mark Lowes","doi":"10.1177/21674795241238158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241238158","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how narrative storytelling converts individuals into sport fans. Data were collected through content analysis of Netflix’s Formula 1: Drive to Survive. Rhetorical criticism was applied to narrative elements identified in this popular docuseries. The conceptual framework drew from existing theories to detail how narrative storytelling effectively engages audiences and facilitates information exchange to achieve sport fandom. Findings show that the main narrative elements used in Drive to Survive were the plot types of adventure, ascension/descension, rivalry, and sacrifice, as well as the character type of hero. These narrative elements fostered sport fan conversion by providing multiple opportunities for information exchange, emotional connection, and inter-fan relationships. Ultimately, this study provides insight into conversion-through-narrative, strengthening the theoretical link between narrative storytelling and sport fandom by examining how narrative elements function in a successful case of sport fan conversion.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140057766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Walker J. Ross, Michael Pfahl, Sylvia Trendafilova
{"title":"Racing With a Purpose: Sustainability in Formula E","authors":"Walker J. Ross, Michael Pfahl, Sylvia Trendafilova","doi":"10.1177/21674795241233558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241233558","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the seasonal sustainability reporting of Formula E for its content, variation, and linearity. Formula E was chosen since it was built as a sustainable sport enterprise rather than one which integrated sustainability into existing operations and for the accessibility of its annual sustainability reports. Using an exploratory approach for content and variation, and the Green Waves of sport sustainability for linearity, eight seasons of sustainability reports from Formula E were collected and examined via content analysis. Findings revealed the major content areas for Formula E concerned event management, car design, and community engagement with these initiatives classified as internal or external efforts. Reports were inconsistent in their structure, language, scope, and focus. The Green Waves suggest that while some efforts progress, others may regress according to strategy or the initiative’s life cycle. Formula E is progressing overall in their sustainability efforts, but exemplifies the lack of an end point to sustainability efforts. It is suggested that better coordination could yield higher strategic success and recognition.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139938986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Loved It, Miss It, Would Never Go Back: Why U.S. Local Television Sports Broadcasters are Leaving the Industry","authors":"Kevin Hull","doi":"10.1177/21674795241234822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241234822","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, one of the most recognizable public faces of a local television news station was the sports anchor. However, as newsrooms across the United States struggle with employee burnout, sports departments have not been immune to low job satisfaction and high turnover. The purpose of this study is to examine what factors are causing sportscasters at local television stations to leave the profession. A survey of sports broadcasters who had left their positions at a television station for a job outside of broadcasting revealed that they felt overworked and underpaid, and many placed the blame for their problems directly on newsroom management.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139939036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monsters and the Sports They Play: Squaring the Circle of Fan Allegiance and Cognitive Dissonance","authors":"Andrew C. Billings, Marie Hardin","doi":"10.1177/21674795241234168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241234168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139938936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Communication & SportPub Date : 2023-12-01Epub Date: 2022-06-05DOI: 10.1177/21674795221103415
Talston Scott, Sydney V M Smith, Francine E Darroch, Audrey R Giles
{"title":"Selling vs. Supporting Motherhood: How Corporate Sponsors Frame the Parenting Experiences of Elite and Olympic Athletes.","authors":"Talston Scott, Sydney V M Smith, Francine E Darroch, Audrey R Giles","doi":"10.1177/21674795221103415","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21674795221103415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, motherhood and pregnancy in elite sport have received increased attention in sport media. Through a comprehensive news media search across Factiva as well as a gray literature search using Google search engine, we analyzed 115 articles using feminist framing analysis. We developed two primary frames: 1) empowerment versus exploitation, and 2) proactivity versus reactivity. Our results show that many pregnant and parenting athletes frame their respective sponsors as exploitative for recognizing and capitalizing upon their unique marketing value, while these same corporate sponsors frame themselves as industry leaders who empower pregnant and parenting athletes. These two frames show that pregnant/parenting elite athletes commonly face discriminatory policies and practices and that there is often a lack of congruence between marketing and actual corporate practices and policies. These findings arguably reflect larger societal issues related to gender equity and highlight the importance of action over rhetoric to ensure motherhood is supported-rather than marketed-for elite athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"11 6","pages":"1181-1202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10619167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Longitudinal Study on the Effects of Parasocial Relationships and Breakups With Characters of a Health-Related TV Show on Self-Efficacy and Exercise Behavior: The Case of The Biggest Loser.","authors":"Perina Siegenthaler, Tanja Aegerter, Andreas Fahr","doi":"10.1177/21674795211045039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795211045039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overweight is one of the major health-related challenges in industrialized countries and mostly preventable through a healthy diet and regular engagement in physical activity. Health communication practitioners and researchers, therefore, started using the media's persuasive potential by creating entertainment-education (E-E) programs that promote healthy nutrition and exercise. By observing the characters in E-E programs, audience members can learn vicariously and eventually develop personal bonds with them. The current study investigates the effects of parasocial relationships (PSRs) with characters of a health-related E-E show, as well as the impact of parasocial breakups (PSBUs) on health-relevant outcomes. Using the setting of the show The Biggest Loser (TBL), we conducted a quasi-experimental longitudinal field study. Participants (<i>N</i> = 149) watched shortened episodes of the show once a week for 5 weeks. Results showed that PSRs with the reality TV characters did not increase over time and after repeated exposure. Findings furthermore suggest that PSR did not influence self-efficacy perceptions or exercise behavior over time. Parasocial breakup distress intensity was neither related to self-efficacy nor to exercise behavior. Interpretations of these findings and implications for better understanding the effects of PSRs and PSBUs are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"11 4","pages":"744-769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10326891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10304102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Creating a Place, Space and Time for the Trans Athlete","authors":"A. Billings, Marie Hardin","doi":"10.1177/21674795231184540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795231184540","url":null,"abstract":"The two concepts are inextricably linked: access and equity. Each are so often paired in discussions and organizational structures that one could confuse them as one and the same. Nevertheless, each connotes something different, even if the goal of inclusion undergirds both. Access pertains to having a space for all to participate and, ideally succeed — whether that is in an of fi ce space, voting booth, or athletic arena. Equity pertains to the fairness within that opportunity, ensuring a level playing fi eld in which no one enters the equation with an inherent advantage or impediment to achievement. Both are worthy pursuits that must be honored and elevated within any society. But what happens when the terms are pitted against one another, with access and equity seen as a zero-sum game? That appears to be what is unfolding in many aspects of today ’ s society as it relates to the trans athlete. Such debates often are formed on the crucial distinction of what is most important in the sporting sphere: (a) providing a place for all to be included or (b) ensuring that those entering a competitive space are competing on fair physiological footing. Those advancing access-based arguments equate banning trans athletes from a sporting competition as heresy to the presumption that sports should provide a playing fi eld open to all. Those advancing equity-arguments often prioritize the reasons for biological sex divisions in sports using the rationale of fairness in competition and pointing to biological markers such as testosterone, muscle mass, and respiratory systems. We do not claim to have the scienti fi c knowledge to navigate this dif fi cult terrain, but we do believe Communication & Sport can be a place to discuss and interrogate valid claims from hyperbole as well as the legitimate concern from the moral panic. If a primary aim of cultivation theory is to uncover the manner in which communication can","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"11 1","pages":"835 - 837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49579922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Communication & SportPub Date : 2023-06-01Epub Date: 2021-12-08DOI: 10.1177/21674795211041024
Keith D Parry, Beth G Clarkson, Ali Bowes, Laura Grubb, David Rowe
{"title":"Media Framing of Women's Football During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Keith D Parry, Beth G Clarkson, Ali Bowes, Laura Grubb, David Rowe","doi":"10.1177/21674795211041024","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21674795211041024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines British media coverage of women's association football during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, to identify how the media framed the women's game and how these frames could shape the public perceptions of it. Through a database search of British-based news coverage of women's football, 100 news articles were identified in the first 6 months after the start of the pandemic. A thematic analysis was conducted, and five dominant frames were detected in the context of COVID-19: 1) <i>financial precariousness of women's football</i>; 2) <i>the commercial prioritisation of men's football</i>; 3) <i>practical consideration of the sport</i> (e.g., alterations to national and international competitions); 4) <i>debating the future of women's football</i> and 5) <i>concern for players</i> (e.g., welfare, uncertain working conditions). These frames depart from the past trivialisation and sexualisation of women's sport, demonstrate the increased visibility of women's football, and shift the narrative towards the elite stratum of the game. Most of this reporting was by women journalists, while men were shown to write less than women about women's football. This research advocates continued diversification of the sports journalism workforce to dissolve the hegemonic masculine culture that still largely dominates the industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"11 3","pages":"592-615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/44/98/10.1177_21674795211041024.PMC9014347.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9900978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly – Situational Crisis Communication and the COVID-19 Pandemic Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games","authors":"Donna Wong, Y. Meng-Lewis","doi":"10.1177/21674795231174188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795231174188","url":null,"abstract":"Affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games were postponed for a year. While getting through with the organizing of an Olympic Games amid a global pandemic is seen as a success by many (‘The Good’), it was overshadowed by the relentless virus as the Games closed with a muted spectacle in 2021 (‘The Bad’). Pushing on with the Games after the postponement, at the height of the pandemic, has resulted in strong criticisms and caused damage to the organizers (‘The Ugly’). This study seeks to assess the crisis communication strategies implemented by the organizers as they navigated the capricious condition of trudging on with a pandemic era sport spectacle. Through examining the organizers’ crisis communications to the challenges that emerged and public reactions to the strategies, this study seeks to understand the outcome of the strategies on the organizational image and reputation. It also provides reflections on the management of the Games through the COVID-19 pandemic. In this regard, it is argued that the situational crisis communication theory offers a useful framework that can provide theoretical connections between crisis management in a sports mega-event and organizational response strategies.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42860525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}