Journal of Asian and African Studies最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Civil Society in India and Afghanistan: A Comparative Perspective","authors":"M. Hakeem, M. M. Sulphey","doi":"10.1177/00219096231183270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231183270","url":null,"abstract":"This paper compares civil society’s role in the past two decades in India and Afghanistan. To give a more detailed examination of civil society organisations’ (CSOs) role, the authors examine and contrast civil society’s composition, interaction with the government, civic challenges and the latest changes. In addition to conceptual clarity, they use Michael Edwards’ work as a theoretical foundation, which is ideal because it pertains to both countries. Despite the similarities in their approaches, there are important differences in how both states frame the need for greater involvement of civil society actors. The authors also find significant differences in the following: (1) the treatment of civil society by state actors, (2) the composition of CSOs varies significantly between the two countries due to different national traditions and institutional relationships and (3) the status of CSOs/non-governmental organisations has also changed significantly in recent years in both settings. They use these and other findings to assess civil society’s ability to play economic, political and social roles, as proposed by Edwards in civil society. They discover significant differences in the political and social functions emerging. This comparison should help researchers structure subsequent scholarly studies of the role of CSO and guide practitioners working in the sector.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44868182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrastructure Spending and the Regional Financial Development: Evidence from the Eastern African Belt and Road Initiative Countries","authors":"Ibrahim Sakouba, Zhang Chen","doi":"10.1177/00219096231188944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231188944","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the causal relationship between infrastructure spending and regional financial development in Eastern Africa, including Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda and Uganda, for 2007–2017 within a trivariate vector autoregressive framework. We use the Global Financial Development Database from the World Bank. We extend the conventionally accepted ratio of financial development by including the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) spending as an additional variable. The empirical strategy involves applying the Granger causality tests using the cointegration and vector error correction methodology. We find evidence of a two-way Granger causality: (1) between the BRI spending and regional financial development and (2) between the BRI spending and regional growth. These findings suggest that an increase in infrastructure spending, particularly in transport, telecommunications and energy, positively affects regional financial development in Eastern Africa and increases the unbanked population’s inclusion in the region.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47720989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaginary Views of Death: Cemetery, Identity, and Memory (The Case of Yazidis in Turkey)","authors":"A. Sağır, Mehmet Tayanç","doi":"10.1177/00219096231188957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231188957","url":null,"abstract":"The present study attempts to explore how death and beliefs fashion burial spaces. Building on in-depth interviews, we investigate Yazidis’ images and symbols employed in their cemeteries and how those materials carry traces of their beliefs and cultural practices. To put it another way, we attempt to expound on the belief practices of Yazidis, the smallest minority indigenous to Turkey, through their cemeteries with the help of the visual ethnography approach. Accordingly, we collected the data through interviews with 14 Yazidis living in 5 different villages of Batman and Siirt provinces and observations in four cemeteries. The distinct contribution of this study may root in its addressing of how funeral rituals and symbols play a role in maintaining community memory in beliefs. Our findings suggest that religious memory plays a significant role in preserving religious culture and keeping the past alive.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45127679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional Security Formations as a Panacea to the Myriads of Insecurity in Nigeria, Enugu State in Perspective","authors":"C. Onah, A. Aduma, Fred O. Eze","doi":"10.1177/00219096231188952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231188952","url":null,"abstract":"Security decentralization is a hallmark of true federalism across the globe. Yet, the Federal Government of Nigeria refused to decentralize security despite the prevailing high rate of insecurity—terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, killings, robbery, and banditry going on in Nigeria. Hence, a clear attestation to the failure of the centralized security architecture, leading to the formation of regional security outfits across the country. The method used is a cross-sectional survey leveraging quantitative and qualitative data. Findings revealed that regional security formations are the antidote to the insecurity in Nigeria. Recommendations made anchored on the liberal perspective of security in a secular state.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47745350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ants Along the Street: Street Vending as a Lifeblood of the Urban Poor in Dilla Town, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Alemayehu Anja, Dunfu Zhang","doi":"10.1177/00219096231188949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231188949","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the perspectives and experiences of street vendors in Dilla Town, Southern Ethiopia, focusing on their motivations for engaging in business and social mobility. The study used a descriptive survey design and gathered data through a questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews, and non-participant observations. A time-location sampling technique was applied to select 250 vendors, and an additional 15 were interviewed using a convenience sampling procedure. The data were analyzed using a combination of quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques. The results revealed that vendors chose street vending due to unemployment, the aspiration for unbridled autonomy, low entry barriers, minimal initial investment requirements, social connections, and the necessity to bolster meager salaries. Most street vendors reported a better standard of living since embarking on their vending venture. The study recommends that local government authorities should acknowledge the socio-economic significance of street vending business for economically disadvantaged urban populations.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44203630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using TV Reality Shows as a Platform to Influence Behavioural Intention Towards Agricultural Participation Among Nigerian Youths","authors":"C. Ogwu, C. A. Ogwo, Mercy Ifeyinwa Obichili, B. Chinweobo-Onuoha, C. Charles, Esther Rita Gever, V. C. Gever","doi":"10.1177/00219096231188942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231188942","url":null,"abstract":"The study sought to test the efficacy of TV reality shows like Big Brother Naija in disseminating agricultural information to youths to influence their intention to engage in agriculture. A quasi-experimental research design was used to carry out this study, while a structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The result showed that youths exposed to TV reality show content with agricultural messages embedded in them reported more intention to engage in agriculture than those who were not. A follow-up evaluation after 12 months revealed that the improvement was consistent.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41422761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the Factors That Predict the Intention to Take COVID-19 Vaccine in Nigeria.","authors":"Oberiri Destiny Apuke,&nbsp;Elif Asude Tunca","doi":"10.1177/00219096211069642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096211069642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study developed a model that predicted factors that prompt the intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine among Nigerians. Data were collected from 385 respondents across Nigeria using snowball sampling technique with online questionnaire as instrument. Results indicated that cues to action, health motivation, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control positively predicted the intention to take COVID-19 vaccine in Nigeria. However, perceived susceptibility, severity, and COVID-19 vaccine benefits did not predict the intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine. Further findings showed that COVID-19 vaccine barrier and attitude was negatively associated with the intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"58 5","pages":"664-680"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10345828/pdf/10.1177_00219096211069642.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10189540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydro-Hegemony, Counter-Hegemony and Neoclassical Realism on the Nile Basin: An Analysis of Egypt’s Response to the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD)","authors":"Hasan İlkbahar, M. H. Mercan","doi":"10.1177/00219096231188953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231188953","url":null,"abstract":"The Framework of Hydro-Hegemony (FHH) has been applied several times to transboundary water disputes. Since it defines Egypt as a hegemon and Ethiopia as a counter-hegemon, many studies have focused on the hegemonic and counter-hegemonic activities in the Nile Basin. However, this article argues that Egypt has also deployed counter-hegemonic tactics to deal with the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) from Neoclassical Realist perspective. In this context, it questions why and how Egypt has deployed hegemonic and counter-hegemonic tactics to respond to the GERD through process-tracing and utilising primary and secondary sources such as official statements, books, articles and journals.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42863345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Covid-19 Pandemic: Limited Water Access and the Precarity of Women Fishers at Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe.","authors":"Tamuka Nhiwatiwa,&nbsp;Joshua Matanzima","doi":"10.1177/00219096211069641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096211069641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Man-made reservoirs are constructed to meet certain purposes and Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe, was designed for hydroelectric power generation. However, it has developed other multiple uses, and the growth of fisheries on the lake has had a significant impact on the livelihoods of local communities. The declaration of Covid-19 as a pandemic in Zimbabwe in March 2020 was quickly followed by the imposition of national lockdowns with varying levels of severity up to the present day. This was done to curtail the spread of the disease, meanwhile enhancing the nation's capacity in terms of acquiring testing kits, constructing more admission and quarantine centres as well as educating the people about ways to keep safe. In response to the calls by the government to monitor the movement of people and compliance of the lockdown rules, the Zimbabwe National Parks and Wildlife Management Authority (ZNPWMA), the governing body of the Lake Kariba fisheries, imposed rules that have significantly impacted the fishing communities at Lake Kariba. Both gillnet fishers and rod and line fishers have been impacted, but our focus here is on women rod and line fishers. Using the precarious livelihoods conceptual frameworks, we show how the changes in water management during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdowns has generated high levels of precariousness on the livelihoods of women at Kariba. We define precariousness as the condition of uncertainties brought to the women fishers by changes in water restrictions. The precarity of women was induced by several factors. For instance, the women fishers reported that restrictions to accessing fish in areas with high catches impacted them. They are also now obliged to pay exorbitant fishing fees in a way to discourage them to fish; they were frequently chased away from the Lake by ZNPWMA officers; they had limited amount of time to fish due to curfews; and failure to comply results in heavy fines imposed on them among other challenges. We show how these challenges interact with the current Zimbabwe socio-economic crisis to worsen the precariousness and vulnerability of women fishers at Lake Kariba. Data presented in this manuscript are based on participant observation and interviews with women fishers at Lake Kariba.</p>","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"58 5","pages":"623-646"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10345829/pdf/10.1177_00219096211069641.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10304618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and Global Distributive Justice: 'Health Diplomacy' of India and South Africa for the TRIPS waiver.","authors":"Bawa Singh,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar Chattu,&nbsp;Jaspal Kaur,&nbsp;Rajni Mol,&nbsp;Priya Gauttam,&nbsp;Balinder Singh","doi":"10.1177/00219096211069652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096211069652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had left heart-wrenching impacts on all facets of life in general and the availability, accessibility, and affordability of medicines and vaccines in particular. Rather, the world has been divided into two groups regarding access to medicine and vaccines as haves and have-nots. The rich countries had pre-ordered the vaccines of COVID-19 along with the holding of the same. The pandemic situation was further worsened, given the Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) in practice and restrictions on sharing technology of vaccines, medicines, and life-saving equipment. In this context, India and South Africa have proposed the joint proposal and garnered support for waiving off TRIPS to ensure equity, accessibility, and affordability of vaccines and the same as public goods. In this review, we emphasize that global justice is one of the important elements of normative international theories, which focus on all the moral obligations from the world's rich to the world's poor. The paper also questions and argues that if the rich countries fail to go by the principles of global justice, can the Indian and South African (SA) patent diplomacy play a catalyst role in global justice? The review concludes with an emphasis on global solidarity, and the acceptance of joint India-South Africa's \"patent diplomacy\" for TRIPS waiver would result in mass production and fair distribution, making the COVID-19 medicines and technologies available to everyone regardless of their poor-rich status.</p>","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"58 5","pages":"747-765"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10345817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10189537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}