Journal of Asian and African Studies最新文献

{"title":"Trafficked or Married? Unpacking Dispossession of Matrimonial Choice in Cross-Region Marriage Migration in India.","authors":"Reena Kukreja","doi":"10.1177/00219096241283668","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00219096241283668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article, based on original research from 246 villages, discusses contemporary marriage migrations of poor women from India's development peripheries to rural North Indian men. Anti-trafficking activists and organizations in India assert that migrant brides are trafficked into sexual slavery through 'coerced' alliances. Employing a postcolonial feminist lens, this article challenges hegemonic anti-trafficking discourse with its gendered presumptions about widespread 'bride-trafficking' by showing that the processes of cross-region marriage mediation and motives are replete with contradictions and ambiguities. Fieldwork reveals a range of actors, including the migrant brides, involved in marriage mediation while poverty and heightened dowry compromise women into such matrimonies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"59 7","pages":"2170-2185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11490356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deficits in Democratic Governance in Developing Countries: The Bangladesh Scenario","authors":"P. Panday","doi":"10.1177/00219096231215694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231215694","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the interplay between democracy, development, and democratic governance gaps in Bangladesh and other developing countries. The main objectives are twofold: first, to explore how Bangladesh has achieved economic growth despite lacking democratic governance, and second, to assess the contradiction between democracy and development in developing nations. Employing a theoretical framework that views democracy and democratic governance as crucial processes of social transformation and political participation, this paper argues that structural barriers limit citizen involvement, leading to deficits in democratic governance. By analyzing secondary documents, the study reveals that Bangladesh’s economic progress coexists with a shortfall in democratic governance due to insufficient social transformation. To address this issue, enhancing democratic institutions, promoting social reform, and removing structural barriers are vital. The findings hold significance for other developing countries facing similar challenges.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perpetrators’ Characteristics and Intimate Partner Violence in Informal Settlements at Iringa Municipality Tanzania","authors":"I. Mosha, W. Akyoo, M. Ezekiel","doi":"10.1177/00219096231215699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231215699","url":null,"abstract":"Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence faced by women globally. The prevalence of lifetime experiences of physical and sexual IPV is estimated to range from 15% to 71%. IPV where a perpetrator is a male current or ex-partner is an existing gender problem in many countries. Millions of women in Africa especially those living in informal settlements are affected by IPV. The most common form of IPV is physical, psychological and sexual abuse. Several studies conducted in Tanzania on IPV have not yet examined the characteristics of perpetrators of such violence acts in informal settlements. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine IPV perpetrators’ characteristics and their association with IPV perpetration in informal settlements. Multi-stage sampling was applied. Random sampling was used to obtain a sample of 300 women living in informal settlements of Iringa Municipality. A survey was used to collect data and SPSS version 20 was used for analysis. A χ2 test was used to assess the association between the outcome variable and a set of exposure variables. Ethical clearance was obtained from Muhimbili University Institutional Review Board. Written consent was sought before participation in the study. IPV perpetrators’ socio-demographic characteristics were age, marital status, marriage type, occupation and level of education. Alcohol intake characteristics were alcohol intake status and intake frequency, where 62.7% were reported to take alcohol many times. Marital status, level of education, occupation, alcohol intake status and frequency of alcohol intake were linked to physical IPV ( p < 0.005). Perpetrators’ characteristics associated with both sexual and emotional IPV were marital status, alcohol intake and the frequency of alcohol intake ( p < 0.005). IPV perpetrators’ socio-demographic characteristics mainly marital status, level of education, alcohol abuse and alcohol intake frequency have a major contribution to the burden of IPV in Iringa municipality. Low level of education and occupation status as business persons are at higher risk of being violent physically, sexually and emotionally. Men aged between 31 and 50 years are more violent in all forms than others. Community IPV prevention interventions focusing on both men and women will be helpful since IPV perpetration may not only be initiated by men but also by women who may lack life and relationship coping skills. More research is important focusing on IPV perpetration attitude and perceptions from men and women perspectives to inform IPV prevention and management.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138971936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Breakable Bond or Unity at Any Cost? Rethinking the Control Mechanisms Against the ‘Threats’ to National Unity in Tanzania","authors":"Edwin Babeiya","doi":"10.1177/00219096231215728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231215728","url":null,"abstract":"The literature treats Tanzania as an exemplary case in building and sustaining national unity in Africa. Several factors such as Nyerere’s charismatic leadership, the role of the Kiswahili language and the adoption of socialism are credited for this unity. The adoption of liberal democracy has, however, decreased the influence of these factors, hence leading to the emergence of ‘threats’ to national unity. Overcoming these threats has involved several mechanisms such as neutralizing potential referees and canonizing the past, which nonetheless pose a sustainability threat to this unity. Promoting national consensus and voluntary affinity to this unity is thus an imperative.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139002729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dress Policing at Higher Learning Institutions in Zimbabwe: Discourses on the Bulawayo Polytechnic College Dress Code Declaration","authors":"Mphathisi Ndlovu, Nonhlanhla Ndlovu, L. Tshuma, Kwenyukwa Mloyi, George Shava","doi":"10.1177/00219096231215706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231215706","url":null,"abstract":"In November 2022, the administrators at Bulawayo Polytechnic College instituted a new dress code at its campus, sparking public outrage. This college dress code reinvigorated debates on the age-old questions of morality and rights. On one hand, there is a strong belief that the implementation of dress codes may lead to the violation of students’ rights and self-expression. On the other hand, others contend that ‘revealing’ dresses may disrupt teaching and learning. This article uses this Bulawayo Polytechnic ‘moment’ to explore the discourses and debates surrounding dress codes in higher education institutions. Drawing upon Foucault’s theorisation on discourse, discipline and governmentality, we consider school dress codes as technologies of power. Data were collected from college students. At the core of these debates on choices of clothes are issues of policing and disciplining female bodies, rape culture, body shaming, victim-blaming and surveillance.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"568 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138974082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Unpronounced Support: Wives’ Engagement in Sustaining Fishers’ Households Enterprises in the Fishery Challenging Space in Kilwa Kisiwani, Tanzania","authors":"Nelson M. Ishengoma","doi":"10.1177/00219096231215711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231215711","url":null,"abstract":"In contrast to convenient and easily accessible productive domains such as agriculture, where women’s participation is deemed indispensable and visible, their engagement in households’ fishing enterprises has been grossly undervalued. However, the 2021 Kilwa Kisiwani study found that fishermen’s wives were vital to their families’ fishing businesses in the face of declining fish stocks and government moratoriums. This cross-sectional study that involved 221 respondents targeted fishing-dependent households where both husbands and wives were involved, with the latter making a substantial amount. Data gathering, analysis, interpretation and discussion employed qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings indicate that most households’ fishing enterprises survived because spouses provided labour, worked outside the home or supported the enterprise from home. The paper cautions against the notion that male dominance invariably determines the socioeconomic trajectory of households while women are relegated to subordinate roles. This perspective is deemed an oversimplification and a distortion of reality.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138971567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviving the Lost Spaces: Rewilding the Walled City of Nicosia Buffer Zone","authors":"Pınar Şaşmaz Kavas, Payam Mahasti","doi":"10.1177/00219096231215703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231215703","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a study that aims to analyze abandoned cities and explore the rewilding efforts in the Nicosia Buffer Zone. The research methodology involves examining the causes of abandonment, the potential benefits of reorienting the Buffer Zone through rewilding, and the importance of community involvement in the process. By transforming the abandoned space into a green corridor, the study seeks to promote peace, reconciliation, and sustainable development. The analysis draws attention to the significance of preserving cultural heritage, promoting biodiversity, and improving the quality of life in surrounding areas. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive planning and implementation, considering both ecological and social factors. This research contributes to the field of urban design by examining the reviving of lost spaces through rewilding and providing insights for future research in the area of abandoned places and urban development.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"75 5‐6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138976913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Promised Land to Perilous Plight: Unpacking Tensions, Contestations and Marginalisation in Resettlement Schemes of Zimbabwe","authors":"Brian FleMandipaza","doi":"10.1177/00219096231215712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231215712","url":null,"abstract":"Phase 1 of the Land Reform Programme soon after independence redistributed land previously owned by white farmers to the majority of black Zimbabweans. In understanding this phase, previous studies have emphasised on how it was structured, the tenure systems, the beneficiaries and land use patterns. However, the existing socio-political landscape, livelihoods and well-being of resettled farmers have been understudied. This article examines tensions between resettled farmers and illegal settlers using empirical qualitative data from a case study in the Nyajezi resettlement scheme, Nyanga District. The article presents new forms of conflicts, contestations and marginalisation in resettlement schemes.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"57 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkey’s Foreign Policy Toward Africa: Three Levels of Analysis","authors":"Abdurrahim Sıradağ","doi":"10.1177/00219096231215686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231215686","url":null,"abstract":"Turkey has been actively engaged in African politics since the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) government announced the year 2005 as the Year of Africa. The strategic importance of Africa for Turkey has significantly increased during the AK Party governments. The number of Turkey–Africa studies done both in Turkey and in the West has increased since 2010, but most of these studies dealt with Turkish foreign policy toward Africa from a narrow perspective. This study highlights that there are complicated, hidden, and interrelated factors and dynamics driving Turkey–Africa relations. In particular, the systematic factors are the most overlooked dynamics in the studies carried out. This study endeavors to explore these complicated dynamics in a systematic and holistic approach by using the three levels of analysis. The main research question in the study is, “What are the individual, state, and systemic factors shaping Turkish foreign policy toward Africa?” In this research, primary and secondary sources and the “process-tracing research method” were used.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"52 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138593244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of the Indian Political Regime in Higher Education Reforms for Innovation Drive: Key Comparisons With China.","authors":"Romi Jain, Eric Ping Hung Li, Joseph Tse-Hei Lee","doi":"10.1177/00219096221097666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096221097666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As primary drivers of global growth, China and India as Asian giants are on the path to reforming their higher education systems to drive innovation. This paper based on both primary and secondary data sources investigates how India's democratic political leadership has facilitated higher education reform for fostering innovation while underlining key differences in the policy approach of the Chinese leadership. Findings identify the areas of reform for India and also reveal that epistemic boundaries between India and China are beginning to blur so far as right-wing ideological regimentation is concerned, with possible implications for innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"58 8","pages":"1665-1685"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10651412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}