Anthropologie最新文献

{"title":"Le site acheuléen de Terra Amata (Sud-est de la France) : état des connaissances archéozoologiques","authors":"Patricia Valensi ,&nbsp;Bertrand Roussel ,&nbsp;Véronique Michel ,&nbsp;Henry de Lumley","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Paleolithic site of Terra Amata, renowned for its constructed hearths—evidence of one of the earliest known instances of fire control—serves as a key reference for early human occupations along the French Mediterranean coast. This paper provides an overview of the archaeozoological analysis of large mammal assemblages, published as a major monograph by CNRS Editions. Following a brief summary of the general archaeological context of the site, we present a synthesis of the main archaeozoological results, organized by taxon. These results are based on various analytical approaches, including quantification by archaeostratigraphic unit, skeletal element representation, and the study of surface modifications such as cut marks and fracture patterns. The data indicate that Acheulean groups employed multiple prey acquisition strategies—such as marsh trapping, active hunting, and scavenging—depending on the targeted ungulate species. The high degree of bone fragmentation, along with evidence of deliberate breakage, butchery marks, and burning, supports the interpretation of systematic anthropogenic processing of carcasses, primarily for nutritional purposes. The archaeozoological evidence also reflects complex technical behaviors, including the collection and use of osseous and dental elements as raw materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entre mer et montagne, des environnements complexes et diversifiés durant le Pléistocène : grotte du Vallonnet, Tour de Grimaldi, grotte de l’Albaréa, site du jardin de la Villa Maria Serena à Menton","authors":"Pierre-Élie Moullé","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the Pleistocene, the Alpine uplift, climatic variations, and sea-level variations marked the environments of the Maritime Alps. The Vallonnet Cave in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, one of the oldest prehistoric sites in Europe, and the site of the Tour de Grimaldi in Ventimiglia have provided the oldest evidence of these phenomena (1,2 Ma). In Sospel, the Albaréa Cave, located at an altitude of 860<!--> <!-->meters and 9<!--> <!-->kilometers as the crow flies from the Grimaldi Caves, served as a hunting stop in the Upper Paleolithic. In the archaeological context of the Grimaldi Caves, the garden of the Villa Maria Serena in Menton yields Epipaleolithic artifacts from a Pleistocene detrital accumulation with flint pebbles and fragments of flint pebbles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobilier funéraire et parures dans les sépultures gravettiennes ligures. La présence d’objets de prestige","authors":"Giacomo Giacobini ,&nbsp;Gérard Onoratini","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ligurian territory has provided a rich series of Gravettian burials: ten from some caves in the Balzi Rossi (Barma du Cavillon, Grotte des Enfants, Barma Grande. Bausu da Ture) and one from the Arene Candide Cave. Most of these burials are rich in grave goods and personal ornaments. They contain prestige objects that are remarkable for the quality and preciousness of the material on which they were made. Sometimes they allow to establish relationships between the Balzi Rossi and Arene Candide sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145417838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le peuplement paléolithique en Méditerranée pendant le dernier maximum glaciaire (22 000 - 17 000 BP)","authors":"François Djindjian ,&nbsp;Lioudmila Iakovleva","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The last glacial maximum is a critical period for the peopling of hunter-gatherers. Their adaptation will be expressed differently depending on the latitudes: an abandonment of territories in the northern areas as in the desert areas and refuges in the Mediterranean and tropical regions. This contribution focuses on identifying settlements at the last glacial maximum in their refuges around the Mediterranean, from west to east and from north to south, and studying adaptation processes to new territories and environments that do result in significant changes in material culture in several chronological phases: <em>phase 0</em>: Final Gravettian; <em>phase 1</em>: “Aurignacoid” Industries; <em>phase 2</em>: early Solutrean and early Epigravettian with axial points; <em>phase 3</em>: late Solutrean and early Epigravettian with shouldered points; <em>phase 4</em>: Badegoulian, Sagvarian, Rashkovian, Zamiatnine culture. Geographical isolates amplify a differentiation of material cultures in various parts of Europe. The Near East starts another system with the emergence of an Epipalaeolithic industry, the Kebarian, while the Mediterranean coast of North Africa is depopulated. With the end of the last glacial maximum, human groups gradually recolonized the territories of middle Europe with Magdalenian in Western and central Europe, late Epigravettian in the south-central Europe and the Mezinian in Eastern Europe. The Kebarian continued its evolution in the Levant and the Iberomaurusian colonized North Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Pleistocene faunal assemblages and human records in southern Europe","authors":"Bienvenido Martínez-Navarro ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Rook","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early humans dispersed from Africa into the Eurasian continent during the Olduvai paleomagnetic subchron (ca. 1.8 Ma), in parallel with other few African species. The most relevant one is the sabertooth tiger <em>Megantereon whitei,</em> which was an ambush super specialized hunter able to eat only the soft parts of the carcass preys, thus leaving almost unexploited carrions that were representing an important food source for the guild of scavengers, especially the giant hyaena <em>Pachycrocuta brevirostris</em> and <em>Homo</em>. At the same time, the renewal of Eurasian faunal assemblage is also characterized by the turnover of several taxa of carnivores and herbivores in Europe. Among ungulates one of the most significant taxa are Suidae. The species <em>Sus strozzii</em> occurs in European assemblages until the top of the subchron Olduvai (1.75 Ma), when the species disappears. During the following half million years (until the base of the subchron Jaramillo, around 1.2-1.1 Ma), pigs are not recorded in Europe, until they return with a new form of the same species <em>Sus strozzii</em>. Humans predate the advanced form of the <em>Sus strozzii</em> re-colonization in Europe, at Fuente Nueva 3 and Barranco León in Orce (1.4 Ma). Around 1.2-1.1 Ma, a new important faunal turnover is detected, related with the increasing climate change, and announcing the so called “Mid-Pleistocene Revolution”. Most of the late Early Pleistocene human records around the Mediterranean basin are associated with such new mammal assemblage, well represented at Vallonnet, Vallparadís, La Boella, or Sima del Elefante in Atapuerca.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: “A new analysis of the neurocranium and mandible of the Skhūl I child: Taxonomic conclusions and cultural implications” [L’Anthropologie 129 (2025) 103385]","authors":"Bastien Bouvier ,&nbsp;Anne Dambricourt Malassé ,&nbsp;Marcel Otte ,&nbsp;Michael Levitzky ,&nbsp;Israël Hershkovitz","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103435","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 5","pages":"Article 103435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectroscopic and thermal analysis of Neolithic pottery of Kashmir Valley, India, using XRD, FT-IR, and SEM-EDX analysis","authors":"Abdul Adil Paray","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to identify the chemical composition, estimate firing temperature, and to study provenance of the Neolithic pottery and distribution of settlement pattern in Kashmir Valley, India. The study investigates powdered Neolithic pottery (3000 to 1000 BCE) through the combined study of XRD, FT-IR and SEM-EDX, focusing on the firing condition, temperature, and mineralogical composition during its production. The study analyses to understand the strength and stability of Neolithic pottery samples from the four archaeological sites, situated in one each in North and Central Kashmir and two in the South of the Valley. It estimates a low (400<!--> <!-->°C) and high firing temperatures (900<!--> <!-->°C) in oxidizing and reducing conditions, and observed fast quenching and ill firing in one specimen. The analysis suggests that Neolithic potters in Kashmir Valley were experimenting and evolving in pottery making skills. It is also established that the provenance of pottery making in the Neolithic period was near the settlements. The distribution of the Neolithic pottery points towards the fact that the settlement pattern did not undergo any major changes and remained on the top of Karewa beds across the whole valley of Kashmir.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 4","pages":"Article 103391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145003933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masol (India, Punjab): Horses (Equus) and hominins in the sub-Himalayan floodplain as early as 2.95 Ma. A pluridisciplinary synthesis and a hypothesis of dispersal routes from North America (Equus) and North Africa (hominins)","authors":"Anne Dambricourt Malassé ,&nbsp;Alina Tudryn ,&nbsp;Julien Gargani ,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Moigne ,&nbsp;Cécile Chapon Sao ,&nbsp;Salah Abdessadok ,&nbsp;Mukesh Singh ,&nbsp;Dominique Cauche ,&nbsp;Pierre Voinchet ,&nbsp;Baldev Karir ,&nbsp;Surinder Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Late Pliocene fossil deposits outcrop in the Siwalik Frontal Range along the North Western Himalayas. These formations are located in the Subathu sub-basin dispersed over 70<!--> <!-->km in different fossiliferous sectors between the 30th and 31st parallels north: the Chandigarh anticlinorium, the Ghaggar-Moginand and Khetpurali sectors and then the Saketi-Kanthro and Haripur sections. Undisputable marks of butchery and lithic industries have been regularly collected between 2008 and 2019 in the fossiliferous Quranwala Zone (QZ) of the Masol Formation located in the Chandigarh anticlinorium. The production of lithic tools was definitively confirmed in 2017 by at least one chopper <em>in situ</em>. This biozone, 50 meters thick, perfectly circumscribed and geomorphologically isolated, yielded the First Appearance Datum (FAD) of <em>Equus</em> in Eurasia and its oldest co-existence with <em>Hipparion</em>. Our magnetostratigraphy dated the Quranwala Zone and hominin activities thanks to a short excursion measured at its lower limit and whose minimum age can be the one at 2.68 Ma and the oldest at 2.95 Ma (Huahine). We present a synthesis of the different fossiliferous localities with their sedimentation rates on a regional scale and which have constrained the age of the excursion to 2.95 Ma. This date allows us to reconstruct the environmental and climatic factors responsible for the appearance and disappearance of the Quranwala Zone by placing them on both regional and global scales. The FAD of <em>Equus</em> is explained by its dispersal from North America to Asia thanks to the formation of Beringia during the cold and dry interval MIS G 20 (3.043–3.025 Ma). The FAD of hominin activities since 2.95 Ma can be explained by a northward shift of the Summer Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during the final peak of a warming at the end of the Piacenzian at 2.97–2.96 Ma and allowing a dispersal in western Asia. We propose the most parsimonious and consistent paleoclimatic hypothesis of hominin dispersal from latitudes 30°–31° that covered the river systems along the ITCZ from Northern Africa to the Sub-Himalayan plain and which accounts the formation of the Quranwala Zone including <em>Equus</em> before the onset of glaciation at 2.75 Ma with a common passage through the Afghan depression of Seistan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 4","pages":"Article 103392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracturation intentionnelle d’éclats au Paléolithique ancien. Exemple des sites de la région Nord de la Mer d’Aral (Kazakhstan du Sud-ouest)","authors":"Evgeniya A. Osipova ,&nbsp;Rimma N. Aminova ,&nbsp;Saule Zh. Rakhimzhanova ,&nbsp;Yslam S. Kurmaniyazov","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Early Palaeolithic industries from Kazakhstan are traditionally characterized by a high proportion of <em>débitage</em> Levallois, bifacial manufacture, production of tools on large flakes (LCT) and typical typological composition (notches, denticulates, scrapers and handaxes). The study of broken flakes is sometimes set aside. Nevertheless, intentional breakage represents a technological way that favours the typological and functional diversity of small tools or flakes and provides important information on the development of Palaeolithic cultures in this region. This study focuses on the intentional breakage of retouched and unretouched, larges and massive flakes from Early Palaeolithic industries coming from the Northern region of the Aral Sea. It shows the techno-morphological, techno-functional, and typological aspects of planes by intentional breakage on <em>débitage</em> products. The studied collections come from the recently discovered sites, particularly from the Akirek 1, Aymen 1, Kambash 1, Saryshoky 4, Zhantles 1, 2 surface sites, and from the already known Saryshoky 2 and Aral 4 surface sites. Firstly, this work discusses the accidental and intentional nature of the breakage. Secondly, it demonstrates a voluntary and repetitive aspect of fractures and identifies their place in the <em>chaîne opératoire</em> of tool preparation in the Early Palaeolithic in this region. Thirdly, this study leads to the hypothesis of the probable evolution of Early Palaeolithic techniques in later cultures and the definition of a new category of tool – the flake with unretouched plane.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 4","pages":"Article 103390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La grotte de Yarimburgaz, Thrace, Turquie, Pléistocène Moyen final","authors":"Henry de Lumley ,&nbsp;Dominique Cauche ,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Moigne ,&nbsp;Zeynelabidin Çuhadar ,&nbsp;Ferah Buler Sentürk ,&nbsp;Almira Tedil ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Fauquembergue ,&nbsp;Christelle Milizia ,&nbsp;Khalid El Guennouni","doi":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anthro.2025.103393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Yarimburgaz cave, located in the European part of Turkey, contains levels of prehistoric occupation which, according to dating and the stage of evolution of the fauna present, are attributed to the final Middle Pleistocene. The presence of fire is attested among these occupation levels, and the abundant lithic industry reveals neither bifaces nor Levallois debitage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46860,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologie","volume":"129 4","pages":"Article 103393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}