Australasian Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Modification of intubation techniques during ERCP in patients with Zenker’s diverticulum","authors":"J. Andrzej","doi":"10.21767/AMJ.2017.3283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2017.3283","url":null,"abstract":"Performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with Zenker’s diverticulum can be technically difficult and is associated with the risk of oesophageal perforation with subsequent mediastinitis. Therefore, resistance is felt during oesophageal intubation with a duodenoscope, the operator should use a gastroscope to visualize any obstruction. If the existence of an oesophageal pouch is recognised, intubation can be safely performed using a guide-wire over tube technique. However, in specific situations (e.g., narrow oesophageal orifices in patients with low body mass index (BMI)) despite use of guide-wire technique, intubation can still be difficult. Therefore we present a modified guide-wire technique involving rotation of the duodenoscope under fluoroscopy, which opens the entrance to the oesophagus and enables safe intubation.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The staffs’ understanding of the role of the health department website on health education in a university of medical sciences","authors":"M. Kahouei, A. Mohammadi, Ali Valinejadi, J. Zarei, Nasrollah Nasr Heidarabadi","doi":"10.21767/AMJ.2018.3254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2018.3254","url":null,"abstract":"Background Health related organizations have sought to design websites to provide various services, including access to relevant information by health care providers. Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the understanding of health care staff members of the role of the health sector website of Semnan University of Medical Sciences in their health education. Methods This cross –sectional study was performed on 369 employees of health care institutions affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. An anonymous selfadministered questionnaire was developed. Results Mean score of the employees’ attitudes towards total characteristics of the health website were understanding of concepts of the health website was 3.65, for communications in the health website was 3.27 and for patientcentered of health website was 3.55. The results showed that there were significant relationships among total characteristics of the health website (P<0.001). Conclusion One can infer that the University's health department website is not proportionate to most of its domestic clients and could not provide the information needs of the healthcare staff. Therefore, practical and methodological considerations in the design of the website of the health department should be taken into consideration in order to provide user-oriented information on the website.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future vital prospect of gene expression factors of lef-7 (baculovirus expression): Old body, young cherub","authors":"R. ferdous, Longshan Liu, Ruiping Yang","doi":"10.21767/AMJ.2018.3242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2018.3242","url":null,"abstract":"Background Baculovirus; late expression factors (Lef-7) have potential roles for protein expression in insect and mammalian cells; Efficient expression of recombinant proteins to facilitate the practical and structural investigation. Aims Lef-7 might play crucial roles in transcription and translation reactions of insect cell lines. Methods Materials and Methods: All required information regards Lef-7 was generated by exploring the internet search engine like as (PubMed, Wiley, ScienceDirect, CNKI, ACS, Google Scholar, Web of Science, SciFinder, and Baidu Scholar) and libraries. Results These properties issue crucial scope for DNA cloning and act as a vital vector for insect and mammalian cells. Left-7 could be the significant site in the development of the vaccine for a couple of chronic diseases. Further investigation needs to study on therapeutic vaccines with few immunologic advantages over proteins derived from mammalian sources, and animal sources. Lef-7 demonstrates the significant impact in the fields of DNA immunology research to insight into the mechanistic and utilitarian link between autoimmunity, infectious diseases, and cancer. Conclusion This review reveals Lef-7 gene function offers a workable strategy for the expression of whole viral protomers as the future prospect of Lef-7.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68183750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of the prevalence and risk factors for cardiovascular disorders among patients registered with the primary health centres","authors":"M. Almansour","doi":"10.21767/amj.2018.3357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/amj.2018.3357","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of dengue vaccines","authors":"C. S. Lim, C. Poh","doi":"10.21767/amj.2018.3451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/amj.2018.3451","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dengue virus (DENV) causes up to 390 million infections yearly, of which 96 million are clinically manifested. Approximately 500,000 people with severe dengue require hospitalization each year and there are at least 25,000 deaths among children from Asian and Latin American countries. DENV is endemic in more than 100 countries. Chemical and biological controls have been implemented in targeting Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, but these control practices failed to stem the dengue transmission. As a result, dengue vaccine has become a potential option recommended by WHO to be implemented in dengue endemic regions. Currently, several vaccine candidates are being evaluated in clinical studies. Amongst the vaccine candidates, live attenuated vaccines (LAV) are the furthest along the development pipeline. The most advanced vaccine, CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia) has been licensed in 19 countries. Several other live attenuated vaccines, as well as DNA, subunit, inactivated virus, viral-vectored and subunit-based vaccines, are under development and evaluation in preclinical or clinical studies. Each of the live-attenuated vaccine candidates targets on molecular determinants of virulence in DENV, with the emphasis on attenuating the DENV and inducing a balanced tetravalent immune response against all the four dengue serotypes. Aims: This review presents several different vaccine approaches and their construction strategies, providing an insight into the development of future dengue vaccines such as live attenuated vaccines, DNA vaccines, sub-unit protein vaccines and viral vectored vaccines. Methods: Recent development status of dengue vaccine candidates was reviewed based on the published data and an online registry for clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.gov) which is run by the U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Results: Increasing burden of dengue necessitates the development of a safe and efficacious tetravalent dengue vaccine. Various vaccine strategies are being developed for disease prevention, each has its own strengths and limitations. Dengvaxia is a licensed dengue vaccine in 19 countries but it has been suspended in the Philippines in December 2017 due to its potential risks in children <9 years of age and seronegative vaccinees. TDV was able to elicit neutralizing antibodies as well as cross protective T cell responses against all four dengue serotypes and protected mice and nonhuman primates against challenge with wild type DENV. Seroconversion was achieved in both seronegative and seropositive adults and children <1.5 years of age with a single dose. TV003/TV005 was able to elicit multifunctional T cell response in addition to the humoral response. Seroconversion in 90 per cent of seronegative adults was observed with a single dose of TV005. However, eliciting a balanced immune response against all the four dengue serotypes remained the major impediment. Conclusion : Dengvaxia has been launched","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"18 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68185844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent fasting for cardiovascular disease risk factor reduction: A narrative review of current evidence","authors":"C. Gavaghan, R. Jayasinghe","doi":"10.21767/AMJ.2018.3485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2018.3485","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetSy), which is defined by the spectrum of obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia, is recognised as a major contributor to the overall risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Intermittent fasting (IF), which encompasses dieting plans with varying schedules of fasting, may be an effective method of reducing the burden of MetSy and the consequent cardiovascular events in the face of a worsening obesity epidemic in the contemporary society. Aims: Despite the widespread public interest there is a serious lack of scientific understanding of the evidence base and the safe, optimal recommendations. This has created a level of public confusion that we endeavour to address by this narrative review of the published literature. Methods: This narrative literature review summarises the current findings and suggests which regimens may be more effective and where future research in this area should be focused. Results: Although the ideal regimen for IF remains unclear, there is promising evidence that alternate day fasting or modified fasting regimens, paired with or without continuous caloric restriction, may be more effective than continuous caloric restriction alone. Conclusion: IF has been shown in the small number of human clinical trials discussed here to be an alternative to continuous caloric restriction in reducing the factors that contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease. Long-term randomised, controlled trials comparing continual caloric restriction and IF are required to objectively assess energy intake, energy expenditure, adherence, disease outcomes and metabolic factors.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"426-433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68186139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative survey of the attitudes of nurses, nursing students, and patients as to the observance of the patients’ dignity in the psychiatric ward","authors":"Mahdieh Ghale Noee, M. Khorasanizadeh, T. Jamshidi, M. Nasiri","doi":"10.21767/amj.2017.3263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/amj.2017.3263","url":null,"abstract":"Background Patients with mental health illness have a variety of physical, mental, social, and spiritual needs and respecting their dignity and status is of the most important. Nurses and nursing students might have different attitudes with regard to observation of status and dignity of mental patients. Aims The present study is an attempt to comparatively survey nurses, nursing students, and patients’ attitudes about the observance of the patient’s dignity. Methods The study was carried out as a cross-sectional work on 300 participants in psychiatric wards of the selected hospitals of Kashan and Tehran cities in 2017. The participants were selected through purposeful sampling and data gathering was done using a demographics checklist and a researcherdesigned patient’s dignity observance questionnaire. Data analyses were done in SPSS (V.19) using descriptive and inferential tests (P-value=0.05). Results The three groups of participants were homogenous in terms of gender. There was a significant difference between psychiatric wards of the Kashan-based and Tehran-based hospitals in terms of attitudes about dignity of patients (P=0.04). In addition, the results confirmed a significant difference among the study groups with regard to their attitudes about the dignity of patients (p=0.000). Conclusion The nurses had better attitudes with regard to the observance of patient’s dignity in comparison with the patients and nursing students. There was also a difference between Kashan-based and Tehran-based hospitals as to the observance of patient’s dignity so that the attitudes in the former were better than that in the latter. It seems that holding moral training courses is essential.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68182907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical review of surgical logbook applications for the android and iOS platforms in the Australian setting","authors":"Navid Ahmadi, N. Sritharan, Elishan Aruliah","doi":"10.21767/AMJ.2018.3354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2018.3354","url":null,"abstract":"Background Smartphones have become pervasive in all aspects of modern life and the health care industry is not immune. Currently smartphone applications (apps) are used by 85–87 per cent of physicians. Surgical logbooks are a mandatory part of training and time consuming to maintain.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"195-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Native human dermis versus human acellular dermal matrix: A comparison of biaxial mechanical properties","authors":"M. Terzini, A. Aldieri, E. Zanetti, D. Massai, A. Audenino, C. Bignardi","doi":"10.21767/AMJ.2018.3487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2018.3487","url":null,"abstract":"Background Human Acellular Dermal Matrices (HADMs), thanks to its mechanical resistance and it’s not immunogenic response, is used in reconstructive surgery such as breast reconstruction procedures and hernia repairs. There is the need to investigate the mechanical response of HADMs when subjected to in vivo-like stresses. Aims In order to supply additional guidance to surgeons, in this work equi-biaxial experimental curves of native and decellularized human dermis are presented because it is essential to investigate the engineered tissue response when subjected to stresses comparable to those that occur in vivo. Methods HADMs specimens were biaxially characterized exploiting a customized biaxial conversion device entirely realized through rapid prototyping methods, and the HADM response to mechanical stimuli comparable to the in vivo deformation state was explored. From the derived data, stress-strain curves were evaluated, and the elastic moduli were extracted from the curve toe-region. As an indication of the fibre rearrangement rate, the slope of the stressstrain curve at higher strains was evaluated in a semi-log plane. Results The mean elastic modulus at low strains for the mediolateral direction (along Langer lines) resulted from 35 per cent to 87 per cent higher than the cranio-caudal one. Furthermore, medio-lateral specimens show lower rearrangement velocities at higher strains. Considering both directions, the decellularization process leads to a deterioration of the mechanical properties of the matrix. Conclusion The tested HADMs maintained the typical anisotropic dermis behaviour, dependent on the collagen network predominantly oriented along the Langer lines. Moreover, comparisons among HADMs and the native human reticular dermis demonstrated the mechanical strength loss at lower strains caused by the decellularization process.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"434-442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68186370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemophagocytic syndrome due to infection by H1N1 influenza virus","authors":"H. Gustavo, Bastidas Alirio, Forero Yency, Martin Daniel, J. Aponte","doi":"10.21767/amj.2018.3502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/amj.2018.3502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68186790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}