Australasian Medical Journal最新文献

Vitamin D supplementation as a fall prevention method: A systematic review 补充维生素D作为预防跌倒的方法:一项系统综述

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.35841/1836-1935.13.4.148-155

Ibrahim Ajwah, E. Albalawi, Z. Albalawi, Waad Mohammed Alhawiti, Nasser Alahmari, Hanadi Zaydan Albalawi, T. Alanazi, Waleed Hamdan Alwabsi, M. Alenezi, Omer Saer Alotaibi, Bdoor Attaulla Alenezi, H. Rayyan

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological study of scarlet fever in Shenyang City, China 沈阳市猩红热流行病学研究

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-04 DOI: 10.21203/rs.2.10104/v1

Huijie Chen, Ye Chen, Baijun Sun, Lihai Wen, Xiangdong An

{"title":"Epidemiological study of scarlet fever in Shenyang City, China","authors":"Huijie Chen, Ye Chen, Baijun Sun, Lihai Wen, Xiangdong An","doi":"10.21203/rs.2.10104/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.10104/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objectives: To depict the Spatiotemporal epidemiological characteristics of the incidence of scarlet fever in Shenyang, China, in 2018 so as to provide the scientific basis for effective strategies of scarlet control and prevention. Methods: Excel 2010 was used to demonstrate the temporal distribution at the month level and ArcGIS10.3 was used to demonstrate the spatial distribution at the district/county level. Moran’s autocorrelation coefficient was used to examine the spatial autocorrelation and the Getis-Ord statistic was used to determine the hot-spot areas of scarlet fever. Results: A total of 2,314 scarlet fever cases were reported in Shenyang in 2018 with an annual incidence of 31.24 per 100,000. The incidence among males was higher than that among females(X2=95.013, P≤0.001). A vast majority of the cases (96.89%) were among children aged 3 to 11 years. The highest incidence was 625.34/100,000 in children aged 5-9 years. There are two seasonal peaks occurred in June (Summer-peak) and in December (Winter-peak) in 2018. The incidence of scarlet fever in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas(X2=514.115, P≤0.001).The incidence of scarlet fever was randomly distributed in Shenyang. There are hot-spots areas located in seven districts. Conclusions: Urban areas are the hot spots of scarlet fever and joint prevention and control measures between districts should be applied. Children in the kindergartens and the primary school students are the main population of scarlet fever and the time distribution of scarlet fever is highly consistent with their school and vacation time. It is suggested that measure for prevention and control of scarlet fever in kindergartens and primary schools is the key to control the epidemic of scarlet fever.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48124058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Local anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D in acute and chronic gouty arthritis 维生素D对急慢性痛风性关节炎的局部抗炎作用

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2019-03-13 DOI: 10.21767/AMJ.2018.3546

B. Miškić, I. Rajkovaca, V. Ćosić

{"title":"Local anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin D in acute and chronic gouty arthritis","authors":"B. Miškić, I. Rajkovaca, V. Ćosić","doi":"10.21767/AMJ.2018.3546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2018.3546","url":null,"abstract":"Background Vitamin D has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory properties and important role in bone metabolism. Effects of vitamin D supplementation in musculoskeletal diseases are well known, but it is unknown if local application of vitamin D can have an anti-inflammatory potential. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate local influence of vitamin D on inflammation, pain, redness and swelling of the affected joint in acute and chronic gouty arthritis. 40 patients with acute gouty arthritis and 40 patients with chronic gouty arthritis were included in study. Methods We did topical application of cholecalciferol in a dose of 180,000 IU daily through seven days on the affected joint for one hour. Local changes of the affected joint such as swelling and redness were observed. Also, serum samples were taken on a 1st, 3rd and 7th day of application in order to measure levels of vitamin D, urates, calcium and C reactive protein. Results We found that local application of vitamin D increased its serum levels in both groups of patients while urates level, swelling, redness and pain was reduced. Effect of vitamin D on pain, redness and inflammation was stronger in a group with acute inflammation. Conclusion Local application of vitamin D may be linked to the reduction of acute and chronic inflammation in gouty arthritis. Relationship between vitamin D and urates in inflammatory process should be investigated further.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44620652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differentiation of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) rapid and intermediate acetylator based on genotype and urinary assay n -乙酰转移酶2 (NAT2)快速乙酰化和中间乙酰化产物的基因型和尿法鉴别

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.21767/AMJ.2017.3105

R. Yuliwulandari, Kinasih Prayuni, H. Usman, Qomariyah Sachrowardi, K. Tokunaga

{"title":"Differentiation of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) rapid and intermediate acetylator based on genotype and urinary assay","authors":"R. Yuliwulandari, Kinasih Prayuni, H. Usman, Qomariyah Sachrowardi, K. Tokunaga","doi":"10.21767/AMJ.2017.3105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2017.3105","url":null,"abstract":"Background \u0000Determination of the acetylator type of NAT2 generally can be predicted based on genotype data from the NAT2 \u0000database. However, in some reported studies, it does not show 100 per cent concordance with the phenotype based on urinary assay. The assay generally only differentiates the rapid and slow acetylator but does not consider the intermediate one. \u0000 \u0000Aims \u0000We conducted this study to define the phenotype of NAT2 based on both genotyping and urinary assay and to determine the concordance rate between both methods in rapid and intermediate acetylator groups. \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000NAT2 genotyping was done using the PCR-direct sequencing in a total of 30 healthy subjects. However, for the NAT2 \u0000phenotypes we only selected 19 healthy subjects that carry rapid or intermediate acetylator genotype, without involving slow acetylator phenotype. The assay was done by measuring the ratios of urinary caffeine metabolites following controlled diet exposure. \u0000 \u0000Result \u0000Both data obtained from genotyping and urinary assay showed 2 samples that belonged to the rapid acetylator and 17 samples that belonged to the intermediate acetylator. The mean metabolic ratio of the rapid acetylator group showed a higher level (0.5) than the intermediate group (0.28). The predicted acetylation status of NAT2 SNPs from genotyping was matched with the phenotype which was determined by urinary analysis. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000Our result showed a 100 per cent concordance of NAT2 phenotype based on the genotyping and urinary assay. Based on this study we suggest that NAT2 phenotype based on genotyping method is simpler and faster, rather than using the urinary assay that is more laborious and costly.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43542750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Sickle cell disease and systematic lupus erythematous association in a 14-year-old adolescent female 镰状细胞病和系统性红斑狼疮在14岁少女中的关联

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.21767/amj.2018.3561

O. Safdar, Sulafa Sindi, N. Nazer, A. Azizkhan, N. Alharbi

引用次数: 0

Retroperitoneal pelvic invasion in ovarian cancer: Possible modes of spread and survival impact 卵巢癌腹膜后盆腔浸润:可能的扩散方式和对生存的影响

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.21767/AMJ.2018.3510

S. Slavchev, A. Yordanov

引用次数: 0

High flexion total knee arthroplasty using short posterior flange of femoral component mid-term results 股骨短后凸缘高屈曲全膝关节置换术中期结果

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.21767/amj.2018.3549

Sang Jin Lee

{"title":"High flexion total knee arthroplasty using short posterior flange of femoral component mid-term results","authors":"Sang Jin Lee","doi":"10.21767/amj.2018.3549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/amj.2018.3549","url":null,"abstract":"Background High-flexion designs for total knee arthroplasty were introduced and promoted greater and safer knee flexion. However, early loosening of the femoral component related to the deep flexion was reported with high incidence. Aims Contrary to conventional high-flexion designs, another femoral component was designed to allow high flexion by shortening the length of posterior condylar flange of femoral component. Authors evaluated the outcomes of high flexion total knee arthroplasty using short posterior flange of femoral component at least 3 years after the operation and to assess the occurrence of periprosthetic osteolysis and loosening. Methods Of the patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty using short posterior flange of femoral component between August 2011 and November 2014, 65 patients (94 knees) were enrolled. Knee Society Knee score, Knee Society Function score, maximal flexion angle were evaluated. Relationship between postoperative maximal flexion and radiographic factors including posterior tibial slope and femoral condylar offset was analyzed. Also, the occurrence of periprosthetic osteolysis and loosening was assessed. Results The maximal flexion was improved at the final follow-up (P<0.05). The knee score and function score were also improved after operation (P<0.05). The postoperative posterior tibial slope and femoral condylar offset showed no significant relationship with the postoperative maximal flexion angle. The periprosthetic osteolysis occurred in 3 cases but loosening did not occur at the final follow-up. Conclusion High flexion total knee arthroplasty using short posterior flange of femoral component is considered as a good alternative to conventional high-flexion prosthesis.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68187822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bilateral duplicated crura of the thoracoabdominal diaphragm 胸腹横膈膜双侧重复脚

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.21767/amj.2018.3529

L. Andrade, R. K. Fernandez, A. S. Souza

引用次数: 0

A rare clinical case of synchronous colorectal cancer, affecting the transverse colon 影响横结肠的同步性结直肠癌临床少见1例

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.21767/AMJ.2018.3552

S. Strashilov, A. Yordanov

引用次数: 1

Fear levels of the childbirth of primiparaous women applying to emergency obstetric unit 适用于产科急诊的初产妇对分娩的恐惧程度

Australasian Medical Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.21767/AMJ.2018.3484

H. Apaydın, K. Kukulu

{"title":"Fear levels of the childbirth of primiparaous women applying to emergency obstetric unit","authors":"H. Apaydın, K. Kukulu","doi":"10.21767/AMJ.2018.3484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/AMJ.2018.3484","url":null,"abstract":"Background Emergency service is a complex and dynamic environment mostly simultaneously managing the conditions of different patients and which is delicate in terms of time. Health care providers should be aware of influence the environment during labour. Aims The aim of this research was to determine the level of fear of childbirth of primiparaous women, who has applied to emergency obstetric units. We also examined some variable which could effect on the level of fear of childbirth such as reasons for applying the emergency obstetric units, knowledge about birth process and readiness to birth. Methods This study is a cross-sectional study. The sample of the study is 473 primiparaous women who have applied to emergency obstetric units. A personal information form and \"Wijma Birth Expectancy / Experience Scale Version\" have been used to determine the fear level of childbirth by conducting face-to-face interviews. Results It has been determined that 67.7 per cent of the pregnant women have applied to the emergency unit due to pain. It has also determined that the mean score of fear of childbirth is 66.33±25.25 among women who have applied to emergency services. Also, 21.8 per cent of the women have been found to have a fear of childbirth at a severeclinical level. Women who have early membrane ruptures have the highest level of fear of childbirth. There is also significant difference between women’s fear of childbirth level depending on knowledge about birth process, readiness to give birth and desired/planned birth (p=0.000). Conclusion This study showed that on third of the primiparaous who apply to emergency obstetric care has a severe grade of fear of childbirth. It has been determined that fear of childbirth has been found to be lower in the women who has received childbirth education, who has known what they would live during birth, and who has felt ready for delivery. This finding suggests that childbirth education is important to provide low level fear of childbirth for women who apply to emergency obstetric unit.","PeriodicalId":46823,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Medical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68186115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0