Retroperitoneal pelvic invasion in ovarian cancer: Possible modes of spread and survival impact

Background Ovarian cancer is the second-most common malignancy and the leading cause of death in women who develop cancers of gynaecologic origin and it spread primarily by direct exfoliation of cells along the peritoneal surface. Interesting fact, although not well studied, is that these tumours invade the mesothelium but very rarely they invade the peritoneum deeper through direct extension. Aims To study the retroperitoneal pelvic invasion in parametrial ligaments and vagina in patients undergoing surgery for advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma and the survival