Australian Journal of Social Issues最新文献_第8页

Social housing temperature conditions and tenant priorities 社会住房温度条件和租户优先事项

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.267

Gemma Sansom, Cynthia Faye Barlow, Lyrian Daniel, Emma Baker

{"title":"Social housing temperature conditions and tenant priorities","authors":"Gemma Sansom, Cynthia Faye Barlow, Lyrian Daniel, Emma Baker","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.267","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.267","url":null,"abstract":"The social housing sector provides housing to some of society's most vulnerable people, disproportionately housing people with disabilities and chronic health conditions, the aged and people unable to work. These groups are often more susceptible to health impacts from poor temperature conditions within their home. In this paper, we examine temperature conditions in Australian social housing, explore tenant experiences and reflect on possible remediation responses. Using a novel contact-free delivery protocol for data collection, temperature was measured in 36 social housing dwellings over a 3-month springtime period. Semistructured interviews were conducted with occupants to better understand their experience of (adverse) indoor temperature conditions. On average, participants spent 35 per cent of time across the study period in temperatures outside the WHO guidelines (18–24°C). Most participants perceived their homes to be cold or very cold during periods of cold weather, and many considered energy unaffordable. Building conditions, such as poor sealing around windows and doors, lack of insulation and inadequacy of space heating appliances, were of greatest concern to participants. Participants' preferences for remediation work suggest that considerable benefit could be gained from making homes more energy efficient through draft sealing and insulation.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 3","pages":"624-639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49632373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Taking the long view: Long-term couple earnings arrangements across the transition to parenthood 从长远的角度来看:在过渡到为人父母的过程中，长期的夫妻收入安排

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-04-16 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.264

Ruth Steinbring, Francisco Perales, Janeen Baxter, Jack Lam

{"title":"Taking the long view: Long-term couple earnings arrangements across the transition to parenthood","authors":"Ruth Steinbring, Francisco Perales, Janeen Baxter, Jack Lam","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.264","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.264","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines household earnings arrangements and parenthood. Previous research has shown that parenthood is associated with a motherhood wage penalty with women withdrawing from the labour market or reducing their work hours. But few studies have examined within-couple relative earnings and breadwinning arrangements across the transition to parenthood. We identify three types of households—“female-breadwinner households” (where women earn more than 60 per cent of the couple's annual labour income); “male-breadwinner households” (where women earn less than 40 per cent of the joint income); and “equal-earner households” (where women earn 40 per cent to 60 per cent of the joint income). Using longitudinal data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey and fixed effects models, we find a substantial decrease in the percentage of couples in equal-earner households in the year prior to and after parenthood that is largely replaced by an increase in the percentage in male-breadwinner households. We observe little return to pre-parenthood earnings arrangements for equal-earner and male-breadwinner households. For female-breadwinner households, we observe a gradual return to pre-parenthood arrangements. These results provide evidence that parenthood is a major milestone contributing to gender inequality and highlight the importance of policies for reducing the impact of parenthood on women's earnings.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 1","pages":"4-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42041040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Liminality, COVID-19 and the long crisis of young adults' employment 阈限，COVID - 19和青年就业的长期危机

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.268

Hernan Cuervo, Quentin Maire, Julia Cook, Johanna Wyn

{"title":"Liminality, COVID-19 and the long crisis of young adults' employment","authors":"Hernan Cuervo, Quentin Maire, Julia Cook, Johanna Wyn","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.268","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.268","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 crisis has brought into sharp relief the precarious employment situation of young people, precipitating a raft of academic and public claims of an unprecedented crisis that has disrupted young lives. Our study contributes to research on youth labour and transitions with new longitudinal empirical analysis. Our analysis challenges the “newness” of the precarity highlighted by COVID-19, focussing on employment. It draws on longitudinal mixed methods data from a research project tracking the transition to adulthood of young Australians. We make use of the concept of liminality to analyse the labour patterns for this group of young adults for the past 5 years. While we acknowledge the impact of COVID-19 on young people's lives, our analysis reveals a precarisation of labour conditions for a significant proportion of participants that precedes the pandemic crisis. We conclude that the tendency in some youth research and in public discourse, to depict contemporary events as heralding “new” crises for young people, obscures the deeper structural arrangements that continually position the young to take the brunt of social and economic policies.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 3","pages":"607-623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48087387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Attributions for underachievement among students experiencing disadvantage and support for public assistance to them 处于不利地位的学生成绩不佳的归因及其对公共援助的支持

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-04-09 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.266

Jung-Sook Lee, Jihyun Lee, Meghan Stacey

引用次数: 1

Do Australians trust scientists? It depends on the ‘science’ 澳大利亚人信任科学家吗?这取决于“科学”。

IF 2 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.263

Bruce Tranter

引用次数: 0

Policy and practice issues in making an advance care directive with decision making support: A case study 在决策支持下制定预先护理指令的政策和实践问题：一个案例研究

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.261

Margo Sheahan, Christine Bigby, Jacinta Douglas

{"title":"Policy and practice issues in making an advance care directive with decision making support: A case study","authors":"Margo Sheahan, Christine Bigby, Jacinta Douglas","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.261","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.261","url":null,"abstract":"The Medical Treatment Planning and Decisions Act 2016 (Vic) is a step toward law reform to implement supported decision making and the rights of people with disabilities enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The Act includes provisions to enable a person, who might otherwise be assessed as being without decision making capacity, to make an advance care directive with support. This case study explores the implementation of the Act through the experiences of a person with intellectual disability, their medical practitioner and supporter in making an advance care directive. The findings identify shortcomings of the Act that effectively exclude people with severe intellectual disabilities from supported decision making. They illustrate the need for greater institutional support for supported decision making and educational strategies for medical practitioners if the potential of the Act is to be realised for people with intellectual disabilities. Finally, the findings indicate the relevance of the La Trobe Support for Decision Making Practice Framework as a guide to decision support in this context.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 2","pages":"381-397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42706112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mandating COVID-19 vaccinations for children: Attitudes of Western Australian parents 强制儿童接种COVID - 19疫苗:西澳大利亚父母的态度

IF 2 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.265

Katie Attwell, Eliza Keays, Lara McKenzie, Leah Roberts, Christopher C. Blyth, Samantha J. Carlson

{"title":"Mandating COVID-19 vaccinations for children: Attitudes of Western Australian parents","authors":"Katie Attwell, Eliza Keays, Lara McKenzie, Leah Roberts, Christopher C. Blyth, Samantha J. Carlson","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.265","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.265","url":null,"abstract":"Australian governments have used vaccine mandates to drive high uptake of routine childhood vaccines and adult Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza vaccines. We sought to understand the attitudes of Western Australian parents regarding mandating COVID-19 vaccines for children, interviewing 44 parents of children aged up to 18 years between May and December 2021. Transcripts were analysed to ascertain parents' attitudes and sources of reasoning. Over half of the parents supported COVID-19 vaccine mandates for children, while the rest had opposing, nuanced or indifferent views. Participants invoked community and health-related reasoning; policy and government-related reasoning; and concerns based on practical implementation. There was a high degree of consistency in parents' attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines and whether they supported mandating them for children, although some who planned to delay vaccination nevertheless supported the idea of mandates. Some participants reported that a mandate would prompt them to vaccinate, but others were willing to accept the consequences of keeping their children unvaccinated, or said that a mandate would not affect them as they would vaccinate regardless. Understanding how parents think and feel about mandating COVID-19 vaccines with educational exclusions or financial penalties is critical to inform policymakers, who may consider these strategies for future pandemic vaccines.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 4","pages":"805-820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46336142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geographic disadvantage and quality of employment 地理劣势与就业质量

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.247

Jonathan Kelley, M. D. R. Evans

{"title":"Geographic disadvantage and quality of employment","authors":"Jonathan Kelley, M. D. R. Evans","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.247","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.247","url":null,"abstract":"Many policymakers assume that children's neighbourhoods shape their career trajectories, but the facts are otherwise. Challenges: (1) Because many children in poor postcodes have disadvantaged families, modelling the causal influence of neighbourhood socioeconomic status (SES) requires a comprehensive set of control variables measuring family background. (2) Adults can choose where to live, so dwelling in a high SES postcode is partially a consequence of occupational success, not a cause. Hence, we must focus on childhood postcode SES. (3) Random measurement error in postcode SES can bias estimates. Data: Large, representative national samples from the International Social Science Survey/Australia. OLS and structural equation models. Correlations between a person's childhood postcode SES and their education, adult occupational status (which robustly measures job quality, social status and permanent income) and family income are all modest, around r = .15. Net of family background (fathers' occupational status, fathers' class, mothers' employment, parents' culture, ethnicity, demographics and respondent's IQ) multivariate analyses show that growing up in a low SES postcode is only a slight disadvantage, which arises entirely because children there get about half a year less education than comparable children in high SES postcodes. Otherwise, there is no statistically significant childhood postcode disadvantage in career opportunities.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 3","pages":"685-713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44703340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Children and youth in the age of COVID-19 COVID - 19年龄段的儿童和青年

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.262

Ben Edwards, Julie Moschion, Anna Zhu

引用次数: 0

Child well-being before and after the 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns in three Australian states 2020年澳大利亚三个州COVID - 19封锁前后的儿童福祉

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-03-13 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.258

Jacqueline B. H. Allen, Ross J. Homel, Tara R. McGee, Kate J. Freiberg

{"title":"Child well-being before and after the 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns in three Australian states","authors":"Jacqueline B. H. Allen, Ross J. Homel, Tara R. McGee, Kate J. Freiberg","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.258","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.258","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on changes in the social-emotional well-being of 6- to 12-year-old children tested before the COVID-19 pandemic and during 2020 and 2021. Well-being was assessed using a video game that empowers children to report their own well-being, including school attachment, social and emotional well-being, behavioural conformity and family support. We compared well-being over time for two groups of children in government schools in Queensland, Western Australia and Tasmania. The treatment group of 580 children were tested in 2019 (Time 1) and a second time in mid-late 2020 and early 2021 (Time 2). The comparison group of 841 children were tested twice before the pandemic. Results showed that children in the treatment group reported significantly lower family support at Time 2 than those in the comparison group. This reduction in perceived family support was stronger for girls. In addition, children in the treatment group who reported lower levels of family support at Time 1 reported a steeper decline in family support by Time 2. Finally, boys in the treatment group reported significantly better behavioural conformity and emotional well-being relative to girls over time. Results highlight the varied impacts of the pandemic lockdowns and the need to provide continued support to vulnerable families.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 1","pages":"41-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47807275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3