Australian Journal of Social Issues最新文献_第7页

NDIS partnership working? Paradoxes, contested spaces and aspirations of disability leaders, family carers and disability services NDIS伙伴关系是否有效?矛盾，有争议的空间和残疾人领袖，家庭照顾者和残疾人服务的愿望

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.280

Christina David, Belinda Johnson, Paul Ramcharan

{"title":"NDIS partnership working? Paradoxes, contested spaces and aspirations of disability leaders, family carers and disability services","authors":"Christina David, Belinda Johnson, Paul Ramcharan","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.280","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.280","url":null,"abstract":"In 2022, a new Federal Labor government introduced an NDIA Act amendment and initiatives that indicate a reorientation to partnership working and integration of co-design principles. “Partnership working” reflects collaborative aspirations where parties commit to trust, shared goals and respect for diverse knowledges and experiences. The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) espouses a partnership approach and rights-based values, yet the neoliberal emphasis on individual choice and marketisation within a social insurance model can privilege certain voices and produce adversarial processes and dynamics. Our focus group research with disability leaders, family carers and disability service professionals explored experiences in the NDIS planning phase with a focus on the extent to which partnership principles operated in practice. Our findings suggest embedded paradoxes; time and resources are required to build the trust and relationships central to interpersonal partnerships between individuals, carers and services but are undermined by organisational and structural factors such as workload pressures, administrative burden and adversarial practices produced in a cost containment context. Tensions in partnership working must also negotiate carers' workload and responsibilities with the autonomy of people with disability. We argue that partnership working is difficult to achieve where structural and systemic limitations and assumptions influence everyday practices. Partnership must operate from empowerment and relational, rather than transactional, principles if genuine participatory and inclusive practice is to be achieved.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 1","pages":"227-243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47681341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The normative nature of corporal punishment in Australia 澳大利亚体罚的规范性

IF 2 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-07-17 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.276

Laetitia-Ann Greeff

{"title":"The normative nature of corporal punishment in Australia","authors":"Laetitia-Ann Greeff","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.276","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.276","url":null,"abstract":"Corporal punishment (CP) is the most common and socially normative form of violence perpetrated against children and is legal in the home and some other settings in Australia. CP was made a common practice through its introduction by European settlers and Christian missionaries during colonisation. Furthermore, the defence of reasonable chastisement became part of the Australian common law in 1860 and is still used in some jurisdictions. Other jurisdictions have enacted criminal laws that have entrenched the defence in legislation. This article gives a brief historical overview of the origin of CP in the English common law, the defence of reasonable chastisement and how these concepts came to be entrenched in Australian law and culture. Moreover, this contribution examines the recognition of children's rights in international law and the significant global impact this has had in elevating the status of children. Then, this article analyses the current legal framework and the permissiveness of CP in Australian states and territories. Consequently, it is argued that states and territories ought to repeal legislation that permits CP, and all jurisdictions should insert a positive statement into civil laws that CP is no longer acceptable as a disciplinary measure.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 3","pages":"620-636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49301817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patterns of alleged offending amongst Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal young people in the Northern Territory of Australia, 1997–2019 1997-2019年澳大利亚北部地区土著和非土著青年涉嫌犯罪的模式

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.275

Vincent Yaofeng He, John R. Condon, Catia G. Malvaso, Tamika Williams, Leanne Liddle, Harry Blagg, Steven Guthridge

{"title":"Patterns of alleged offending amongst Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal young people in the Northern Territory of Australia, 1997–2019","authors":"Vincent Yaofeng He, John R. Condon, Catia G. Malvaso, Tamika Williams, Leanne Liddle, Harry Blagg, Steven Guthridge","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.275","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.275","url":null,"abstract":"In Australia, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are much more likely to be arrested, charged with criminal offences and imprisoned than other Australians. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders comprise 49% of young people in detention but only 5.8% of the Australian population aged 10–17. This study investigated changes between 1997 and 2019 in the interaction of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal young people with the justice system in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia. The prevalence of young people being charged with an alleged offence decreased by more than 60% between 1999 and 2001, co-incident with the introduction of the Juvenile Diversion Scheme in August 2000. Thereafter, for non-Aboriginal young people there was a small and temporary increase, but for Aboriginal young people prevalence increased almost back to pre-2000 levels by 2015 before starting to decrease. Aboriginal young people comprised 57% of those charged with any offence in 1997, rising to 88% in 2019. Further investigation is needed to understand the reasons for divergent trends in the prevalence of alleged offending for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal young people, which may include the role of diversion, differences in the nature of offences and systemic bias and racism.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 1","pages":"206-226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47517747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A decade on: The achievements and challenges of the National Disability Insurance Scheme's implementation 十年过去了:国家残疾保险计划实施的成就与挑战

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.277

Helen Dickinson, Sophie Yates

引用次数: 0

Corporal punishment: Why the intentional use of violence against children is still acceptable 体罚：为什么故意对儿童使用暴力仍然可以接受

IF 2 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.274

Linda Savage

{"title":"Corporal punishment: Why the intentional use of violence against children is still acceptable","authors":"Linda Savage","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.274","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.274","url":null,"abstract":"In Australia assaulting another person is a criminal offence. It occurs when one person strikes another person, applying force of any kind either directly or indirectly, without the person's consent. There is an exception. Children are specifically denied legal protection from intentional assaults when it is rebranded as corporal punishment. Successive governments have failed to act to provide children with the same protection from assault as adults despite repeated calls by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child to prohibit corporal punishment in all settings, and the robust body of evidence of the substantial harm it causes (Gershoff & Grogan-Kaylor, 2016). This glaring inconsistency in the law, should cause us to question how far we have evolved in our attitudes and treatment of children. In particular just how deeply ingrained are attitudes and prejudices about children that rationalise or justify acts and omissions that harm them, and fail to protect their rights (Childism: Confronting Prejudice Against Children, Yale University Press, 2013). This paper will examine past and contemporary attitudes to children and the narrative that helps explains why policy makers and the community tolerate the use of physical force against children, and why a new narrative is needed.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 3","pages":"667-675"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48782503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 stigma, Australia and slow violence: An analysis of 21 months of COVID news reporting COVID - 19污名、澳大利亚和缓慢暴力:对21个月COVID新闻报道的分析

IF 2 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.273

Nichole Georgeou, Cymbeline Buhler King, Lilian Tame, Christina Ergler, Robert Huish

{"title":"COVID-19 stigma, Australia and slow violence: An analysis of 21 months of COVID news reporting","authors":"Nichole Georgeou, Cymbeline Buhler King, Lilian Tame, Christina Ergler, Robert Huish","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.273","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.273","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the peak periods of Australia's COVID-19 pandemic experience of 2020–2021, some lower socioeconomic areas with high migrant populations in Sydney and Melbourne were subjected to strict lockdown enforcement that included heavy police surveillance not experienced in the more affluent areas of these cities. Analysis of four major newspapers' COVID-19 coverage from January 2020 to September 2021 reveals their reporting focussed on aspects of individual behaviour that inferred people from lower socioeconomic areas had a heightened risk of exposure to COVID-19. We argue this media portrayal of severe lockdowns and policing measures played a prominent role in exacerbating previously existing stigma as it compounded the stigma levelled at those communities. It further contributed to an “us and them” mentality that aligned with persistent structural inequality to compound existing stigma to develop a slow violence of COVID-19-related stigma. The lens of slow violence allows us to track incremental stigmatising processes, often imperceptible when viewed in isolation. Axiomatic violence adds a complementary perspective to slow violence, highlighting the role of crisis and disciplinary behaviours in embedding structural violence into the social norms of daily life.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 4","pages":"787-804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43653370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social science as social action to address inequalities 社会科学是解决不平等问题的社会行动

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.272

Zoe Staines, Kiah Smith, Stefanie Plage, Lutfun Nahar Lata, Suzanna Fay, Zhaoxi Zheng, Laura Simpson Reeves, Helen Beazley, Ella Kuskoff, Andrew Clarke, Glenys McGowan, Lynda Shevellar, Jonathan Prangnell

{"title":"Social science as social action to address inequalities","authors":"Zoe Staines, Kiah Smith, Stefanie Plage, Lutfun Nahar Lata, Suzanna Fay, Zhaoxi Zheng, Laura Simpson Reeves, Helen Beazley, Ella Kuskoff, Andrew Clarke, Glenys McGowan, Lynda Shevellar, Jonathan Prangnell","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.272","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.272","url":null,"abstract":"In its most recent report, the Academy of the Social Sciences Australia (ASSA, 2021: 10) identified social inequality as a “grand challenge” for the social sciences, arguing that social scientists have a pivotal role to play in “understanding, addressing and guiding us towards a narrowing of a two-tier society.” Nevertheless, the social sciences continue to be regularly positioned as “soft” and esoteric in relation to the natural sciences, while also sustaining disproportionate funding cuts. In this article, we—a multidisciplinary group of social science researchers forming part of the Inequalities and Social Action Research Cluster based at The University of Queensland (Australia)—draw on the existing literature and our diverse experiences to reflexively consider how academic social scientists might play the active role that ASSA foresees to address social inequalities into the future. This includes by countering the inherent imperialism of the Western academy itself. We explore the roles, barriers and tensions that social scientists face and conclude by offering a framework of key strategies to improve the translational impacts of social science research for addressing social inequalities.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 1","pages":"108-127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45747516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The importance of understanding Indigenous employment in the Indigenous business sector 了解土著商业部门中土著就业的重要性

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.271

Christian Eva, Kerry Bodle, Dennis Foley, Jessica Harris, Boyd Hunter

{"title":"The importance of understanding Indigenous employment in the Indigenous business sector","authors":"Christian Eva, Kerry Bodle, Dennis Foley, Jessica Harris, Boyd Hunter","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.271","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.271","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous employment has been the subject of numerous policies in Australia, with governments aiming to increase the workforce participation rate amongst Indigenous people in recent years. Indigenous-owned businesses, formally defined as businesses that are at least 50% Indigenous-owned, have been demonstrated in previous research to maintain substantially higher levels of proportional Indigenous employment than non-Indigenous businesses. This suggests that Indigenous-owned businesses maintain work environments that are more supportive of and conducive to Indigenous employment, meriting the influence of Indigenous-owned businesses' workplace practices in future Indigenous employment policy design. Using administrative data from two Indigenous business registries (Black Business Finder and Supply Nation), this paper provides an updated empirical analysis of the Indigenous business sector. This paper demonstrates that Indigenous-owned businesses of all sizes, industries, locations and profit statuses consistently average proportional Indigenous employment rates higher than the Indigenous proportional population. Of all the people employed in Supply Nation-listed businesses, over 35% are Indigenous. The potential impact of the Indigenous Procurement Policy is illustrated by differentials in the size of businesses and their capacity to employ Indigenous staff. This paper provides analysis of the Indigenous business sector that can inform future policy direction for both Indigenous employment and Indigenous business policies.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 3","pages":"494-522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.271","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41442109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

See no Evil, Hear no Evil, Speak no Evil: The grey literature and Australia's failure to address change in the National Disability Insurance Scheme 看不见恶、听不见恶，说不出恶：灰色文学与澳大利亚未能应对国家残疾保险计划的变化

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.270

David Gilchrist, Ben Perks

{"title":"See no Evil, Hear no Evil, Speak no Evil: The grey literature and Australia's failure to address change in the National Disability Insurance Scheme","authors":"David Gilchrist, Ben Perks","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.270","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.270","url":null,"abstract":"The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) represents a social reform of a magnitude unseen in Australia. The Scheme's significant scope for impact warrants that proper performance evaluation is undertaken, that stakeholder interactions are collaborative and that the scheme is outcome driven. This article reviews a selection of grey literature to gain insights into the persistence of challenges facing the Scheme, as well as how the policy discourse has developed between 2011 and 2020. Our review finds that key issues related to the Scheme's effectiveness and sustainability have been persistent and repeatedly documented by stakeholders. Furthermore, we find that, had the grey literature been heeded, the current and predictable challenges facing the NDIS could have been mitigated at least to some extent. Our contribution here is to renew scholarly vigour toward the Scheme by canvassing its challenges as identified by commentators, policymakers and the industry itself and to focus attention on the capacity for this literature to predict and describe potential and extant problems as well as providing mitigations. By extension, we provide a catalogue of these challenges while showcasing the value of grey literature as one source of triangulating evidence in informing policy evaluation.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 3","pages":"476-493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47179912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supporting survivors of institutional child sexual abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study of not-for-profit community and legal organisations in Greater Western Sydney 在COVID - 19大流行期间支持机构儿童性虐待的幸存者:对大西悉尼非营利性社区和法律组织的定性研究

IF 2 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.269

Laura J. Butler, Amy Lawton, Parisa Kalali

{"title":"Supporting survivors of institutional child sexual abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study of not-for-profit community and legal organisations in Greater Western Sydney","authors":"Laura J. Butler, Amy Lawton, Parisa Kalali","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.269","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.269","url":null,"abstract":"Before, during and since the Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse (2013–2017), not-for-profit community and legal services have been critical in supporting survivors of institutional child sexual abuse. This qualitative study aimed to explore the perspectives of community and legal service practitioners operating in Greater Western Sydney regarding the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the service system for survivors of institutional child sexual abuse. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 21 practitioners at 15 community and legal services. Through thematic analysis, the study identified five areas of concern regarding service provision and COVID-19, including difficulties in navigating shifts to remote service delivery; changes in service accessibility; complications in accessing the National Redress Scheme; safety challenges for clients; and safety challenges for practitioners. The research identified a need for services to finesse frameworks that ensure remote services can be delivered safely for clients and practitioners alike. Priorities include adequate funding for technology and infrastructure, supporting survivors of abuse perpetrated online and encouraging effective coping strategies for practitioners who undertake trauma support work from home. Future research should consider how shifts to remote service delivery have impacted survivors of different demographic groups and the survivor support workforce.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"58 4","pages":"926-941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47003214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0