Australian Journal of Social Issues最新文献_第4页

“It's Self-Determination. Blackfullas Making Right Decisions for Blackfullas”: Why Indigenous-owned businesses create better Indigenous employment outcomes "这是自决。Blackfullas 为 Blackfullas 做出正确决定"：土著人拥有的企业为何能创造更好的土著人就业成果

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.292

Christian Eva, Jessica Harris, Kerry Bodle, Dennis Foley, Boyd Hunter, Nina Nichols

{"title":"“It's Self-Determination. Blackfullas Making Right Decisions for Blackfullas”: Why Indigenous-owned businesses create better Indigenous employment outcomes","authors":"Christian Eva, Jessica Harris, Kerry Bodle, Dennis Foley, Boyd Hunter, Nina Nichols","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.292","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.292","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research demonstrates that businesses that are Indigenous-owned are far more likely to employ Indigenous people than non-Indigenous-owned businesses (Hunter, 2015). The majority of the literature on Indigenous employment uses a deficit discourse, describing factors that prevent or exclude Indigenous people from non-Indigenous-owned organisations. There is markedly less literature using a strength-based approach, detailing how Indigenous-owned businesses create workplaces without barriers to Indigenous employment. Through 32 semistructured interviews with Indigenous business owners, managers, and Indigenous employees of Indigenous-owned businesses, this paper provides insights into how participants' businesses create workplaces that are more supportive of, and conducive to, Indigenous employment. This paper finds that Indigenous approaches to governance inform an organisational level of cultural competence, which creates tailored and specific practices that support better Indigenous employment outcomes. This resonates with the concept of Indigenous ways of “knowing, being, and doing,” and how this framework encompasses participants' approaches to business operations. In the light of increasing public and private policy commitments to improve Indigenous employment outcomes, it is imperative that the Indigenous business sector's best practice inform said policies, given its successes. However, inherent in these findings are broader discussions into more systemic and societal issues that go beyond workplace policy.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 1","pages":"29-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.292","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135146176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The experiences of reporting sexism toward female paramedics in Australian ambulance services: A scoping review 报告性别歧视的经验，对女性护理人员在澳大利亚救护车服务:范围审查

2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.283

Alexandra Cassidy, Brooke Hunt, Alisha McFarlane, Bronwyn Beovich

{"title":"The experiences of reporting sexism toward female paramedics in Australian ambulance services: A scoping review","authors":"Alexandra Cassidy, Brooke Hunt, Alisha McFarlane, Bronwyn Beovich","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajs4.283","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Paramedicine in Australia was historically male‐dominated, and despite the development within the profession, sexism against women remains a major hurdle for a safe workplace. The aim of this scoping review was to identify experiences of reporting sexism toward female paramedics in Australian ambulance services and identify barriers impacting the decision to submit a report. Literature searches were conducted using eight electronic databases, with grey literature found through Google Scholar, media outlets and hand‐searching. Articles included were those with mention of sexism or associated behaviours reported to a senior authority within the field of paramedicine in Australia. Reporting of sexism within paramedicine was not a primary outcome for any included literature. Behaviours such as sexual assault and harassment are rarely defined, and sexism is often not reported independently. Experiences of women with reporting are primarily negative, and decisions to report sexism are made difficult by various barriers of which victimisation was most prominent. Following a report being lodged, all reported outcomes were inadequate as perceived by the victim. Further research into the reporting of sexism in Australian ambulance services is required to develop resolutions to the identified barriers and provide a safer reporting environment to encourage reporting.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135895853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the role of university education in reducing the appeal of right‐wing populism 探讨大学教育在减少右翼民粹主义吸引力中的作用

2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.287

Nathan Manning, Djordje Stefanovic

{"title":"Exploring the role of university education in reducing the appeal of right‐wing populism","authors":"Nathan Manning, Djordje Stefanovic","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajs4.287","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Why are university‐educated ethnic majority men less likely to support right‐wing populism (RWP) than those without university education? To investigate this under‐researched question, we conducted an exploratory study using semistructured interviews and thematic analysis with white Australian men from different socioeconomic backgrounds. While some with university education supported RWP, their views aligned with a moderate version of the ideology. Student/graduate supporters of RWP were opposed to hiring practices designed to support gender and ethnic equity. Students/graduates who experienced contact with Others were generally more positive about diversity, but this was not always the case for non‐university participants. While students/graduates with RWP leanings tended to see university as a politically biased institution, concerns about political correctness were widespread across the sample. Significantly, numerous students/graduates experienced university education as promoting a pluralist outlook, and this outlook appears fundamentally incompatible with the monist tendencies of RWP ideology. However, findings also suggest that university education is not the only route to a pluralist outlook, nor does it always lead to a rejection of RWP. Hence, developing a pluralist outlook may be more important than university education in reducing the appeal of RWP. The implications of these exploratory findings for future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135895331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Getting more value from Australian Intergenerational Reports 从澳大利亚代际报告中获取更多价值

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.291

Andrew Podger

引用次数: 0

“The most significant child welfare reform in a generation”: An examination of the strategies used by the Home Stretch campaign "一代人中最重大的儿童福利改革"：对 "家庭拉伸 "运动所使用策略的研究

IF 2 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.288

Philip Mendes

引用次数: 0

Socioeconomic consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic for people who use drugs COVID - 19大流行对吸毒者的社会经济影响

2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.289

S. Walker, P. Dietze, P. Higgs, B. Ward, C. Treloar, M. Stoové, K. Rathnayake, J. Doyle, M. Hellard, L. Maher

{"title":"Socioeconomic consequences of the <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 pandemic for people who use drugs","authors":"S. Walker, P. Dietze, P. Higgs, B. Ward, C. Treloar, M. Stoové, K. Rathnayake, J. Doyle, M. Hellard, L. Maher","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajs4.289","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic triggered widespread socioeconomic hardship, disproportionately impacting disadvantaged populations. People who use illicit drugs are more likely to experience unemployment, homelessness, criminal justice involvement and poorer health outcomes than the general community, yet little is known about the socioeconomic impacts of the pandemic on their lives. To address this gap in the literature, we conducted in‐depth interviews with 76 participants from two cohort studies of people who use illicit drugs (people who inject drugs and/or use methamphetamine) in Victoria, Australia. Findings support claims that pandemic‐related Social Security supplementary payments and initiatives to reduce homelessness, although not systemically transforming people's lives, produced temporary relief from chronic socioeconomic hardship. Results also indicate how temporary interruptions to drug supply chains inflated illicit drug prices and produced adverse consequences such as financial and emotional stress, which was exacerbated by drug withdrawal symptoms for many participants. Furthermore, increased community demand for emergency food and housing support during the pandemic appeared to reduce participants' access to these services. Our findings about the unintended consequences of pandemic responses on the socioeconomic lives of a group of people who use illicit drugs provide insights into and opportunities for policy reform to redress their entrenched disadvantage.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136136702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Children's rights violations: Parental corporal punishment under the microscope 侵犯儿童权利：显微镜下的父母体罚

IF 2 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.282

Laetitia-Ann Greeff

{"title":"Children's rights violations: Parental corporal punishment under the microscope","authors":"Laetitia-Ann Greeff","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.282","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.282","url":null,"abstract":"When Australia ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (the Convention) in 1990, all children within its borders became entitled to the protection of the rights set out in the Convention. Children, thus, became rights holders. More than just human rights holders, they became children's rights holders. The Convention is the first international instrument to address the protection of children from violence directly. Corporal punishment (CP) is increasingly recognised internationally as physical abuse and a violation of children's rights. However, CP in the home is still legal in all Australian jurisdictions even though it violates several of the rights protected by the Convention. This contribution will examine Articles 2, 3(1), 5, 16, 19(1), 24(3) and 37(a) of the Convention to outline how parental CP undermines the legally binding obligations of the Convention by violating the rights espoused by these provisions. This article then calls for CP to be outlawed by all state and territory governments to adhere to the aim of the Convention that because of children's unique vulnerabilities, all their rights need to be protected, respected and promoted by those who ratified the Convention.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 3","pages":"605-619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

It is time for nationally equitable access to assistive technology and home modifications in Australia: An equity benchmarking study 现在是澳大利亚全国公平使用辅助技术和家庭改造的时候了：公平基准研究

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.290

Natasha Layton, Natasha Brusco, Libby Callaway, Lauren Henley, Rosalie H. Wang

{"title":"It is time for nationally equitable access to assistive technology and home modifications in Australia: An equity benchmarking study","authors":"Natasha Layton, Natasha Brusco, Libby Callaway, Lauren Henley, Rosalie H. Wang","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.290","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.290","url":null,"abstract":"Australians with disability have inequitable access to assistive technology (AT) and home modifications (HMs). This is inconsistent with human rights obligations and fails to capitalise on internationally recognised potential return on investment. Co-designed with a consortium of AT stakeholders, this study quantifies the public provision of AT and HM in Australia by identifying all publicly funded national and state-/territory-based schemes and reporting and comparing available data on the spend per person. An environmental scan and data survey identified 88 government funders administering 109 schemes. Data were available for 1/3 of schemes. Economic evaluation of available cost and participant data estimated the annual AT/HM and wrap-around support spend per person per scheme and organisational costs. Data demonstrated significant AT/HM spend variability across schemes, for example a 50-fold difference between Aged Care ($51) and National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS, $2500). Modelled costs are presented for a $16 billion national scheme where all Australians with disability are funded NDIS-equivalent. These foundation data demonstrate substantial service provision gaps and an urgent need for change in disability policy. A cost model and policy principles have been proposed to achieve economies of scale and equity in the provision of AT and HM.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 1","pages":"244-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.290","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding conviviality in Australian suburbs with high Muslim concentrations: A qualitative case study in Melbourne 了解穆斯林高度集中的澳大利亚郊区的欢宴行为:墨尔本的定性案例研究

IF 2 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.286

Karien Dekker, Ashleigh Haw

{"title":"Understanding conviviality in Australian suburbs with high Muslim concentrations: A qualitative case study in Melbourne","authors":"Karien Dekker, Ashleigh Haw","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.286","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajs4.286","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the concept of conviviality: the practice and negotiation of sharing space in suburbs with diverse populations. Australia has a growing Muslim population and reports of Islamophobia remain widespread. While there is some evidence, however, that forming intercultural connections can foster more positive attitudes toward religious minority groups, we know little about how Muslim and non-Muslim communities share space in Australia. This paper presents the findings of a qualitative investigation into how conviviality is perceived in Australian suburbs with high concentrations of Muslim residents. Following qualitative, thematic analysis of 15 interviews with multicultural service providers who work with Muslims in Melbourne, Victoria, we conclude that conviviality is fostered by a sense of community between people who share similar backgrounds as well as increased opportunities to form intercultural social connections. We discuss the scholarly and policy implications of these findings, with consideration of existing arguments about the practices of sharing space in Australian cities.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":"59 2","pages":"487-500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajs4.286","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45808590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of stigma and discrimination on help‐seeking behaviour and the role of police contact 污名和歧视对求助行为的影响以及警察联系的作用

IF 2.5 2区社会学

Australian Journal of Social Issues Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajs4.285

Jasmine Randone, Stuart D. M. Thomas

{"title":"The effects of stigma and discrimination on help‐seeking behaviour and the role of police contact","authors":"Jasmine Randone, Stuart D. M. Thomas","doi":"10.1002/ajs4.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajs4.285","url":null,"abstract":"In the attempt to increase mental health‐related service contacts, research has increasingly focussed on understanding help‐seeking; this has repeatedly found stigma and discrimination to present as significant factors inhibiting contact with services. Other cognate research has demonstrated the over‐representation of mental illness in the criminal justice system, and varied impacts of police contact on perceptions of police legitimacy and future compliance‐related behaviour. However, there has been limited‐to‐no research examining the potential effects of police contact on future help‐seeking behaviours. The study included 101 Australian‐based participants with a lived experience of mental illness who completed an online survey measuring anticipated and experienced discrimination, stigma, police contact variables and general help‐seeking. Findings suggested that anticipated discrimination and prior police contact were associated with a lower intention to seek help, with those reporting prior police contact being significantly less likely to seek help than those without prior police contact. The results indicate the need to consider individualised experiences of contacts with health and justice services, and for these services to prioritise procedurally just engagement, to limit experiences of discrimination and increase people's inclination to seek help.","PeriodicalId":46787,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Social Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48971777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0