Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics最新文献

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Vertical Distribution of Saltating Particles in a Windsand Flux 风沙流中盐化粒子的垂直分布
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024700465
R. A. Gushchin, G. I. Gorchakov, A. V. Karpov, O. I. Datsenko
{"title":"Vertical Distribution of Saltating Particles in a Windsand Flux","authors":"R. A. Gushchin,&nbsp;G. I. Gorchakov,&nbsp;A. V. Karpov,&nbsp;O. I. Datsenko","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024700465","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024700465","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Desertification and aridization of once-fertile areas is one of global environmental problems. To solve this problem, it is necessary to understand the dynamic and electrical processes in a wind-sand flux, which are currently understudied. Regularities in the vertical distribution of saltating particles in a windsand flux are ascertained based on experimental data from a desertified area and a wind channel. The effect of the surface wind speed in the desertified area on this distribution is studied. A piecewise exponential approximation of the vertical profiles of particle concentrations with a wind speed-independent height scale and a logarithmic concentration gradient in the lower saltation layer is suggested. The dependence of the lower saltation layer thickness and the height scale on the saltating particle size (100 to 800 μm) is derived for the mass flux of particles in this layer based on measurements of saltating particle flux profiles in the wind channel. The windsand flux parameters determined from measurements in the desertified area and in the wind channel well agree. Our results can be used for modeling the windsand flux dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142180785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Properties of Light Backscattering on Hollow Hexagonal Ice Columns for Optical Models of Cirrus Clouds 用于卷云光学模型的空心六角冰柱上光反向散射的特性
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024700313
A. V. Konoshonkin, N. V. Kustova, V. A. Shishko, D. N. Timofeev, I. V. Tkachev, E. Bakute, A. E. Babinovich, X. Zhu, Z. Wang
{"title":"Properties of Light Backscattering on Hollow Hexagonal Ice Columns for Optical Models of Cirrus Clouds","authors":"A. V. Konoshonkin,&nbsp;N. V. Kustova,&nbsp;V. A. Shishko,&nbsp;D. N. Timofeev,&nbsp;I. V. Tkachev,&nbsp;E. Bakute,&nbsp;A. E. Babinovich,&nbsp;X. Zhu,&nbsp;Z. Wang","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024700313","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024700313","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cirrus clouds significantly affect the radiation budget of our planet and play an important role in climate formation. To study their optical properties, it is necessary to solve the problem of light scattering by nonspherical ice particles. This paper focuses on the numerical simulation of characteristics of light backscattering by hollow hexagonal columns by the physical optics method. We examine particles of 10 to 316 μm in size and wavelengths of 0.355, 0.532, and 1.064 μm. The findings reveal that the backscattering peak caused by corner reflection rapidly decreases as the cavity of hexagonal columns increases, then several secondary maxima of up to 10% of the main peak appear. The positions of these secondary maxima are independent of the particle size and incident wavelength, but strongly depend on the particle shape. These results are valuable for developing an optical model of cirrus clouds and for laser sounding of the atmosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial Distribution of Methane Concentration in Baikal Surface Water in the Spring Period 春季贝加尔湖地表水甲烷浓度的空间分布
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024700374
D. A. Pestunov, A. M. Shamrin, V. M. Domysheva, M. V. Sakirko, M. V. Panchenko
{"title":"Spatial Distribution of Methane Concentration in Baikal Surface Water in the Spring Period","authors":"D. A. Pestunov,&nbsp;A. M. Shamrin,&nbsp;V. M. Domysheva,&nbsp;M. V. Sakirko,&nbsp;M. V. Panchenko","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024700374","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024700374","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of describing the spatial distribution of methane concentration in the surface water of Lake Baikal in the spring are presented. The basis was the measurements of CH<sub>4</sub> content which were first carried out in the round-the-clock continuous mode along the entire route of the passage of research vessel in the complex expeditions of Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, in the spring seasons of 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2021, and 2022. Based on the results of six expeditions, a merged data array was compiled; it included 12 100 segments (with a step of 0.005° in latitude and 0.01° in longitude) which covered the total area 4466.7 km<sup>2</sup>, or 14% of the surface of Lake Baikal. For a more detailed description of the spatial distribution of methane concentrations in surface water throughout the Baikal water area, the statistical characteristics were calculated in four zones: between 0 and 100 m, 100 and 200 m, 200 and 400 m, and over 400 m isobaths. The comparison of the methane concentrations in the analyzed array with the data of other researchers obtained in different years in nearby regions of the water area made it possible to conclude that the results presented in the work adequately reflect the most stable features of the spatial distribution of methane concentration in surface water of Lake Baikal in spring seasons.</p>","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Absorption Spectrum of Pure H2S in the 6227.506–6236.844 and 6244.188–6245.348 cm−1 Ranges: Absorption Line Positions and Intensities, Self-Broadening and Self-Shift Coefficients 纯 H2S 在 6227.506-6236.844 和 6244.188-6245.348 cm-1 范围内的吸收光谱:吸收线位置和强度、自扩和自移系数
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024700180
V. A. Kapitanov, Ya. Ya. Ponurovskii
{"title":"Absorption Spectrum of Pure H2S in the 6227.506–6236.844 and 6244.188–6245.348 cm−1 Ranges: Absorption Line Positions and Intensities, Self-Broadening and Self-Shift Coefficients","authors":"V. A. Kapitanov,&nbsp;Ya. Ya. Ponurovskii","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024700180","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024700180","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The absorption spectrum of the H<sub>2</sub>S molecule is recorded with high spectral resolution (0.00016 cm<sup>−1</sup>) and threshold sensitivity (∼1E-26 cm/molec.) in the 6227.506–6236.844 and 6244.188–6245.348 cm<sup>−1</sup> spectral ranges at room temperature and pressures of 0.001–0.06 atm for the first time. The measurements were performed at the General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, at a high-sensitivity high-resolution diode laser spectrometer with a signal-to-noise ratio of more than 10 000. Line center shift coefficients Δ<sub>0</sub>/<i>P</i> and collisional widths Γ<sub>2</sub>/<i>P</i> are estimated for the first time; new spectral lines have been recorded. The experimentally estimated line centers differ from the calculated positions of line centers in the HITRAN database by Δν = (ν<sub>H</sub> − ν<sub>exp</sub>) × 10<sup>3</sup> cm<sup>−1</sup> ≈ 0.001–0.01 cm<sup>−1</sup>. The intensity estimates coincide much worse, the relative differences 100% × (<i>S</i><sub>H</sub> − <i>S</i><sub>exp</sub>)/<i>S</i><sub>H</sub> amount to tens of percent; the intensities of five lines differ by hundreds of percent or more.</p>","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141552659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Erratum to: Regional Sources and CH4 Seasonal Cycle in Central Siberia and the Arctic: Observations and Numerical Calculations 勘误:西伯利亚中部和北极地区的区域来源和甲烷季节周期:观测和数值计算
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024330029
K. B. Moiseenko, Yu. A. Shtabkin, A. V. Vasileva, A. I. Skorokhod, E. I. Fedorova
{"title":"Erratum to: Regional Sources and CH4 Seasonal Cycle in Central Siberia and the Arctic: Observations and Numerical Calculations","authors":"K. B. Moiseenko,&nbsp;Yu. A. Shtabkin,&nbsp;A. V. Vasileva,&nbsp;A. I. Skorokhod,&nbsp;E. I. Fedorova","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024330029","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024330029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S1024856024330029.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142408672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lichen Exometabolites as Possible Precursors of Secondary Organic Aerosols 作为二次有机气溶胶可能前体的地衣外代谢物
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024700210
M. P. Tentyukov, B. D. Belan, D. V. Simonenkov, S. A. Patov, V. I. Mikhailov, G. V. Simonova, S. N. Plyusnin, Yu. A. Bobrov
{"title":"Lichen Exometabolites as Possible Precursors of Secondary Organic Aerosols","authors":"M. P. Tentyukov,&nbsp;B. D. Belan,&nbsp;D. V. Simonenkov,&nbsp;S. A. Patov,&nbsp;V. I. Mikhailov,&nbsp;G. V. Simonova,&nbsp;S. N. Plyusnin,&nbsp;Yu. A. Bobrov","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024700210","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024700210","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lichens are not only a bioindicator of air pollution; they also affect the chemical composition of air. The qualitative composition of exometabolites in thalli of epiphytic lichens is studied using high-performance liquid chromatography. The comparative analysis of the fractional composition of deposited aerosol matter in water washouts of lichens shows it to be characterized by a bimodal particle distribution. It is postulated that the appearance of the fine fraction is associated with the generation of secondary organic aerosols on the surface of epiphytic lichens. Their precursors are the products of photoactivated reactions between deposited aerosol matter and highly volatile organic compounds which arrive on the lichen surface as a result of efflorescence. The mechanism of entry of secondary organic aerosols into the surface air layer under the radiometric photophoresis effect is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Utilization of the U-Net Convolutional Neural Network and Its Modifications for Segmentation of Tundra Lakes in Satellite Optical Images 利用 U-Net 卷积神经网络及其修改来分割卫星光学图像中的苔原湖泊
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024700404
I. A. Abramova, D. M. Demchev, E. V. Kharyutkina, E. N. Savenkova, I. A. Sudakow
{"title":"Utilization of the U-Net Convolutional Neural Network and Its Modifications for Segmentation of Tundra Lakes in Satellite Optical Images","authors":"I. A. Abramova,&nbsp;D. M. Demchev,&nbsp;E. V. Kharyutkina,&nbsp;E. N. Savenkova,&nbsp;I. A. Sudakow","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024700404","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024700404","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tundra lakes are an important indicator of climate change; therefore, the analysis of the dynamics of their size is of particular interest. This paper presents the results of using the U-Net convolutional neural network for tundra lakes segmentation in satellite optical images using Landsat data as an example. The comparative assessment of segmentation accuracy is performed for the original U-Net design and its modifications: U-Net++, Attention U-Net, and R2 U-Net, including with weights derived from a pretrained VGG16 network. The segmentation accuracy is assessed based on the results of manual mapping of tundra lakes in northern Siberia. It is shown that more recent U-Net modifications do not provide a practically significant gain in segmentation accuracy, but increase the computational costs. A configuration based on the classic U-Net gives the best result in most cases (the average Soerens coefficient IoU = 0.88). The technique suggested and the resulting estimates can be used in analysis of modern climate trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimates of Carbon Dioxide Flux into the Forest Ecosystem Based on Results of Ground-Based Hyperspectral Sounding of the Atmosphere and an Artificial Neural Network Model 基于地面大气高光谱探测结果和人工神经网络模型的森林生态系统二氧化碳通量估算值
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024700246
A. P. Rozanov, I. V. Zadvornykh, K. G. Gribanov, V. I. Zakharov
{"title":"Estimates of Carbon Dioxide Flux into the Forest Ecosystem Based on Results of Ground-Based Hyperspectral Sounding of the Atmosphere and an Artificial Neural Network Model","authors":"A. P. Rozanov,&nbsp;I. V. Zadvornykh,&nbsp;K. G. Gribanov,&nbsp;V. I. Zakharov","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024700246","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024700246","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of hyperspectral sounding of the atmosphere at the Ural Atmospheric Station in Kourovka from 2012–2022 are presented. It is shown that the average rate of carbon dioxide growth in the atmosphere of this region is about 2.5 ppm per year. The amount of carbon dioxide absorbed from the atmosphere by the forest ecosystem per unit area during the growing season (April–September) in the vicinity of the carbon site in Kourovka is estimated using two independent methods. One method is based on the data on the CO<sub>2</sub> total column obtained from sounding the atmosphere with a ground-based high-resolution infrared Fourier spectrometer. The second method is based on the use of an artificial neural network with data from spectral channels of the MODIS satellite sensor as input. The results obtained by both methods have good agreement: the amount of CO<sub>2</sub> absorbed from the atmosphere by the forest ecosystem in the vicinity of the carbon site during the growing season of 2022 is ~1.5 t/ha according to the first method and ~1.3 t/ha according to the second method.</p>","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Freshwater Systems in Western Siberia 西西伯利亚西部淡水系统的二氧化碳排放量
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024700386
M. Yu. Arshinov, B. D. Belan, D. K. Davydov, D. V. Simonenkov, A. V. Fofonov
{"title":"Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Freshwater Systems in Western Siberia","authors":"M. Yu. Arshinov,&nbsp;B. D. Belan,&nbsp;D. K. Davydov,&nbsp;D. V. Simonenkov,&nbsp;A. V. Fofonov","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024700386","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024700386","url":null,"abstract":"<p>One of the possible sources of carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere can be river ecosystems. The paper presents the results of measuring CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes from the surface of several rivers and lakes in Tomsk Region. In the experimental period, average carbon dioxide fluxes were 143.7 ± 21.7 (August 13–14, 2023), 53.3 ± 21.2 (August 19), and 80.4 ± 59.9 mgC m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for the Ob River; 66.1 ± 17.3 mgC m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for the Ket River; 33.3 ± 17.3 mgC m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for the swamp Karasevoye Lake, 50.2 ± 23.0 mgC m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for the Suiga River, and 81.9 ± 11.5 mgC m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for the Iksa River. The flux magnitudes significantly depended not only on the object of the study, but also on hydrometeorological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141547653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Erratum to: Air Composition over the Russian Arctic: 3—Trace Gases 勘误:俄罗斯北极上空的空气成分:3 种微量气体
IF 0.9
Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1134/S1024856024330017
O. Yu. Antokhina, P. N. Antokhin, V. G. Arshinova, M. Yu. Arshinov, G. Ancellet, B. D. Belan, S. B. Belan, D. K. Davydov, G. A. Ivlev, A. V. Kozlov, K. Law, P. Nédélec, T. M. Rasskazchikova, J.-D. Paris, D. E. Savkin, D. V. Simonenkov, T. K. Sklyadneva, G. N. Tolmachev, A. V. Fofonov
{"title":"Erratum to: Air Composition over the Russian Arctic: 3—Trace Gases","authors":"O. Yu. Antokhina,&nbsp;P. N. Antokhin,&nbsp;V. G. Arshinova,&nbsp;M. Yu. Arshinov,&nbsp;G. Ancellet,&nbsp;B. D. Belan,&nbsp;S. B. Belan,&nbsp;D. K. Davydov,&nbsp;G. A. Ivlev,&nbsp;A. V. Kozlov,&nbsp;K. Law,&nbsp;P. Nédélec,&nbsp;T. M. Rasskazchikova,&nbsp;J.-D. Paris,&nbsp;D. E. Savkin,&nbsp;D. V. Simonenkov,&nbsp;T. K. Sklyadneva,&nbsp;G. N. Tolmachev,&nbsp;A. V. Fofonov","doi":"10.1134/S1024856024330017","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1024856024330017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46751,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S1024856024330017.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142408663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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