Journal of Primary Care and Community Health最新文献

{"title":"Community-Partnered Training in Trauma-Informed Primary Care for Patients Experiencing Reentry From Incarceration: A Pilot Training Study.","authors":"Lauren E Szkodny, Mahlet A Yared, Shoshana H Bardach, Joseph Lascaze, Randy Stevens, Anna M Adachi-Mejia, Milan F Satcher","doi":"10.1177/21501319241312577","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319241312577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objectives: </strong>Patients returning to the community from incarceration (ie, reentry) are at heightened risk of experiencing trauma when interacting with the healthcare system. Healthcare professionals may not recognize patients' trauma reactions or know how to effectively respond. This paper describes the development and pilot evaluation of a single-session training to prepare primary care teams to deliver trauma-informed care (TIC) to patients experiencing reentry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multidisciplinary team including community members with lived experience engaged in a multiphase human-centered design process that incorporated interviews, discussions, and a participatory process to design and evaluate a single-session interactive pilot training targeting providers' attitudes toward formerly incarcerated patients and confidence to deliver TIC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both pre- and post-training surveys were completed by 12 TIC training attendees, which included primary care providers and staff. Trainees reported significant increases in confidence to reduce potentially re-traumatizing practices and improved attitudes toward formerly incarcerated individuals. They also expressed interest in receiving additional TIC training and learning how best to care for and meet the needs of persons with a history of incarceration. Trainees described the panel of community members with lived experience as one of the most rewarding aspects of the training.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Centering people with lived experience in the training design and delivery produced a single-session TIC training that was both well-received and effective. Our TIC training helped primary care providers and staff move from being merely informed on trauma to having the self-efficacy to prevent and respond to trauma reactions during encounters with <i>all</i> patients, particularly those with a history of incarceration.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319241312577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11742159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Readmission After Geriatric Inpatient Care: A Narrative Review and a Comparative Analysis.","authors":"Carl Willers, Rikard Lindqvist, Martin Dreilich, Stefan Fors, Amelie Lindh Mazya, Gunnar H Nilsson, Anne-Marie Boström, Mahwish Naseer, Elisabeth Rydwik","doi":"10.1177/21501319251320181","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251320181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Readmission can be be related to the work of several stakeholders involved in the care of individuals throughout the community, including, for example, primary care and social care providers. A narrative review was performed to assess definitions and frequency of readmission for older adults found in previous research. In addition, a dataset for a cohort of older adults in Stockholm, Sweden, was used to quantify how different definitions of readmission affect frequency.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The review was based on pre-specified search criteria within PubMed and Embase databases. All studies based on a cohort of older adults with a primary objective to assess readmission to inpatient care, were included for the assessment of readmission criteria. The dataset was based on a cohort of older adults treated at a geriatric department in Stockholm during 2016. Estimations of readmission were performed with the most common criteria found in the narrative review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The narrative review showed that definitions of readmission included predominantly time-based criteria, either alone or combined with additional criteria such as medical condition or readmitting department. Frequency of readmission based on different definitions varied substantially; a 14-day time interval implied a rate of 8.0% whilst a 30-day interval-more commonly used-rendered a rate of 12.6%. The density of readmissions per day was higher during the first weeks after discharge, and then dropped continuously.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transparency on definitions is imperative in studies that include rates of readmission. The levels of readmission rates are highly dependent on the study population and its context. Furthermore, the actual value of readmission monitoring is dependent on what purpose it is supposed to fulfill, and it is essential to put it into context of all relevant stakeholders including, for example, the primary care providers and different social care providers throughout the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251320181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11869310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Care of Adult Patients With Allergic Diseases in Urban, Rural, and Remote Primary Care Sites in the Philippines.","authors":"Carol Stephanie C Tan-Lim, Robbi Miguel G Falcon, Jeremiah F Feliciano, Michael B Fong, Mark Anthony U Javelosa, Leonila F Dans, Iris Thiele C Isip-Tan, Josephine T Sanchez, Mia P Rey, Antonio Miguel L Dans","doi":"10.1177/21501319251353599","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251353599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study determined the clinic prevalence and compared the quality of care of allergic diseases in urban, rural, and remote primary care sites.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective review of electronic health records of all adult patients who consulted in the 3 sites from May 2019 to April 2022. Data of adult patients with allergic diseases was extracted from the 3 EHR systems operating across the participating sites using standardized Structured Query Language queries across the 3 systems. We computed the prevalence of allergic diseases among adults who consulted in primary care health facilities by dividing the number of patients diagnosed to have an allergic disease over the total number of adult patients who consulted within the 3-year study period. We compared the quality of care of patients across the 3 sites based on clinical practice guidelines using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, or 1-way analysis of variance, as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of allergic disease among adults who consulted in primary care health facilities was 1.3% for the urban site, 2.2% for the rural site, and 2.1% for the remote site. The most common allergic disease was asthma (59.0%). First-line medications based on recommendations in clinical practice guidelines were prescribed more often in the urban site, including inhaled corticosteroids with long-acting beta-agonists for asthma patients (<i>P</i> < .001) and topical corticosteroids for atopic dermatitis (<i>P</i> < .001). In contrast, there was more frequent prescription of medications that were not recommended in clinical practice guidelines in the rural and remote sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Health inequity was observed in this study, with results demonstrating that the rural and remote sites had greater allergic disease prevalence, greater underutilization of first-line medications, and more frequent overutilization of non-essential medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251353599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12268130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group-Based Integrative Pain Management: Feasibility of a Factorial Randomized Trial in Safety-Net Primary Care.","authors":"Ariana Thompson-Lastad, Jesse Wennik, Pamela Swedlow, Julia Wu, Wendy Hartogensis, Jhia L N Jackson, Maria T Chao","doi":"10.1177/21501319251360113","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251360113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This pilot study tested the feasibility and acceptability of a pragmatic randomized trial evaluating group-based non-pharmacologic approaches to increase access in primary care and improve pain-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This 2 × 2 factorial trial assessed two 12-week interventions: group acupuncture and integrative group medical visits (IGMVs). Adults with chronic pain lasting ≥3 months were enrolled from safety-net primary care clinics. Participants were randomized to group acupuncture, IGMVs, both, or neither (usual care). We analyzed data using linear mixed models, ANCOVA, and abductive qualitative analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 44 participants were randomized (25 English-speaking and 19 Spanish-speaking); 59% were female (mean age = 55 years), 21% African American or Black, 52% Latine, 21% non-Latine White, and 5% more than 1 race; and 78% had annual income <$25 000. At baseline, the average duration of chronic pain was 13.0 years, and the mean pain impact score was 36.0 (SD = 6.4). Participants randomized to interventions attended 6 of 12 sessions on average; 89% would participate again; and 86% reported clinically relevant pain improvements versus 20% in usual care (<i>P</i> < .001). Qualitative data revealed substantial barriers to accessing multimodal care and social benefits of group-based models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Group-based integrative pain management is feasible and acceptable when co-located within safety-net primary care.<b>Clinicaltrials.gov Registration Number</b>: NCT05906784 (http://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05906784).</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251360113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12358000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Contribution of Chaplaincy to Primary and Community Care: A Semi-Structured Interview Study With Clients.","authors":"Annelieke Damen, Carmen Schuhmann, X J S Rosie, Marjo van Zundert, Gaby Jacobs, Hanneke Muthert, Erik Olsman, Anja Visser","doi":"10.1177/21501319251357528","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251357528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A broad range of studies have associated spirituality with health outcomes. However, the integration of spiritual care in primary and community care has substantially lagged behind. Chaplains, as specialist spiritual caregivers, are increasingly employed in primary and community care to fill the gap. To investigate the implementation of chaplains in these settings from the perspective of clients, this study focused on the following research question: what are primary and community care clients' reasons to seek chaplaincy care, their ideas of care goals, and what outcomes of care do they report?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>24 Dutch chaplaincy clients were interviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clients sought support from a chaplain for existential concerns, or an existential struggle encompassing several areas of life. They described goals and outcomes of care in 3 domains: (1) the relationship with the chaplain, which included being seen, heard and acknowledged; (2) meaning-making, where they gained insight into and/or processed life-events, and connected more with themselves, others and/or the sacred; and (3) well-being, which included feeling better and finding peace.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides novel insights into clients perspective on chaplains' contributions in primary and community care. Their experiences are key to further shaping the implementation of chaplaincy in these settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251357528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging Equity Gaps in Newborn Screening: Reflections on X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) and Policy Implications for the Global South.","authors":"Danilo V Rogayan, Roy N Villalobos","doi":"10.1177/21501319251361662","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251361662","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251361662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12317267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus among middle-aged and older adults of Amerindian ancestry.","authors":"Denisse A Rumbea, Robertino M Mera, Emilio E Arias, Kleber Arriaga, Oscar H Del Brutto","doi":"10.1177/21501319251362044","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251362044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype (HTWP), defined by concurrent hypertriglyceridemia and increased waist circumference, is a recognized marker of metabolic and cardiovascular risk. While extensively studied across populations, data on Amerindian communities remain scarce. This study examines HTWP prevalence and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged and older adults of Amerindian ancestry in rural Ecuador.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 ethnically homogeneous villages. Participants aged ≥40 years underwent standardized assessments, including structured interviews and fasting blood tests. HTWP was defined using serum triglyceride levels ≥150 mg/dL together with increased waist circumference determined by 2 criteria: Amerindian-specific (men ≥ 89 cm, women ≥83 cm) and NCEP-ATP III (men ≥102 cm, women ≥88 cm). Logistic regression models assessed associations between HTWP and diabetes indicators, adjusting for demographics and cardiovascular risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1354 participants, HTWP prevalence was 47% by Amerindian-specific, and 30% using NCEP-ATP III criteria. Hypertriglyceridemia was frequent (55%), particularly in men. In multivariate models, HTWP was associated with fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL under both Amerindian-specific (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.02-1.71) and NCEP-ATP III (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.12-2.01) criteria. When HTWP components were separately included in the models, only hypertriglyceridemia remained significantly associated with diabetes risk. No significant association was observed between HTWP and HbA1c levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HTWP prevalence is high in this population. Hypertriglyceridemia drives diabetes risk more than waist circumference. Findings underscore the need for ethnicity-specific cardiovascular risk assessments and targeted health interventions for indigenous communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251362044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12317219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The One Health Clinic: Care for Young Adults and Companion Animals Experiencing Homelessness.","authors":"Natalie Rejto, Vickie Ramirez, Hannah T Fenelon, Michael Xie, Katie Kuehl, Anina Terry, Alice H Tin, Erin Tabor, Kate Schneier, Andrew Nee, Amanda Richer, Peter Rabinowitz, Julianne Meisner","doi":"10.1177/21501319251345973","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251345973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>This study evaluates 4 years of data from the Seattle One Health Clinic (OHC), a novel model for clinical care which integrates human and animal health care services for youth and young adults experiencing homelessness (YPEH) and their pets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed deidentified data from standardized OHC visit forms, electronic medical records, and veterinary records from 2019 to 2022. We assessed the overlaps between human and animal healthcare provided and the impact of environmental stressors on both human and animal patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 50% of all human clients established healthcare for the first time in 2 years, with 85% attending one or more follow-up appointments with non-emergency healthcare services within 2 years following their initial OHC appointment. All animals received care during their visit. Needs addressed at the human-animal interface included zoonotic infections, animal allergies, and mental/behavioral health. The most common client-pet reported environmental concerns were food insecurity, heat, and cold.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest integrated human and animal healthcare is a feasible and acceptable model of care for YPEH to access acute and preventative care at the human-animal-environmental interface. This approach holds promise for increasing health-seeking behaviors, and engagement in preventative, therapeutic, and follow-up care.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251345973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12317245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Apomediation to AImediation: Generative AI and the Reconfiguration of Informational Authority in Health Communication.","authors":"Luis M Romero-Rodriguez, Bárbara Castillo-Abdul","doi":"10.1177/21501319251381878","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251381878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This conceptual paper explores the transition from apomediation to AIMediation, allowing patients or users to independently seek and access health information on their own, often using the internet and social networks, rather than relying exclusively on the intermediation of health professionals. It examines how generative artificial intelligence (GAI) reconfigures the dynamics of informational authority, access, and user autonomy in digital health environments in light of the increasing use of generative AI tools in healthcare contexts.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study examined how mediation models in health information have changed over time. It uses Eysenbach's framework and new developments in large language models (LLMs). A new model was created to compare intermediation, apomediation, and AImediation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AImediation emerges as a new paradigm in which patients or users interact directly with AI tools such as ChatGPT, Claude, Perplexity, or Gemini to access compiled multi-source health information. While this model retains the user autonomy characteristic of apomediation, it centralizes information flows and removes peer-based social layers. Key challenges include algorithmic opacity, prompt dependence, and the risk of misinformation due to hallucinations or biased outputs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AImediation redefines how individuals access and evaluate health information, requiring critical engagement from users and responsible development by technology providers. This framework calls for more research to determine how it affects patient actions, the roles of professionals, and the ethical use of AI in healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251381878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12461036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rural/Urban Disparities in the Availability of Diabetes Prevention Programs in US Hospitals.","authors":"Allyson Hughes, Shyamkumar Sriram, Berkeley Franz, Cory Cronin","doi":"10.1177/21501319251371414","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251371414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Type 2 diabetes is a global pandemic, with 1 in 6 people expected to be diagnosed by 2050. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is an evidence-based program that has been shown to reduce A1c and bolster health outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, but implementation has been varied, with lower uptake in rural and economically underserved communities. The study assessed whether there are geographic and socioeconomic disparities in the availability of hospital-supported DPPs in the US.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed DPPs in 3204 general medical hospitals. Data on hospital and county characteristics came from the American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Survey, the Area Health Resource File, and County Health Rankings. We assessed geographic and socioeconomic differences between hospitals with and without DPPs using <i>t</i>-tests and chi-square tests. Rurality was determined based on the 2013 Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC). We then conducted a multivariable analysis to assess the relationship between geographic location, socioeconomic characteristics and the presence of a DPP, independent of hospital factors.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Nearly half (49.3%, n = 1580) of hospitals in the U.S. reported having a DPP in 2021. DPPs were less commonly found in rural counties as well as micropolitan counties when compared to their urban counterparts. After controlling for hospital size and other community characteristics, these disparities disappeared. When including the interaction of hospital size and geographic location, the odds of offering DPPs was higher among large, rural hospitals. DPPs were also less commonly available in counties with more limited food access and in health professions shortage areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DPP implementation is less common in rural and underserved areas. The interaction between hospital size and location is helpful for understanding barriers to DPP availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251371414"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}