Journal of Primary Care and Community Health最新文献

{"title":"The Mental Health Paradox of COVID-19 Prevention: Adherence, Fatigue, and Depression in a Longitudinal Perspective.","authors":"Jiahui Jin, Daniel W L Lai, Elsie Yan, Vincent W P Lee","doi":"10.1177/21501319251334207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319251334207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic presented significant challenges, particularly the psychological impact of prolonged preventive measures. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal relationships among adherence, anti-pandemic fatigue, and depression, focusing on how these dynamics evolved.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective longitudinal survey was conducted among 627 adults in Hong Kong during the pandemic across 3 waves. Repeated measures ANOVA, cross-lagged path modeling, and mediation model were employed to assess temporal relationships among adherence, anti-pandemic fatigue, and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence at T3 significantly predicted T4's anti-pandemic fatigue (<i>B</i> = 0.196, SE = 0.055) and depression (<i>B</i> = 1.690, SE = 0.247), and anti-pandemic fatigue significantly predicted T4's depression (<i>B</i> = 0.684, SE = 0.260). These effects diminished at later waves, reflecting psychological relief as restrictions eased. Notably, adherence was found to increase anti-pandemic fatigue, which in turn exacerbated depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While relationships varied over the 3 time points, the longitudinal design has clarified the causal inference. The study highlights the mental toll of prolonged restrictions and emphasizes the importance of designing integrative strategies that support adherence while addressing fatigue and depression. These findings offer actionable insights for primary care and community health programs in managing future public health emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251334207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting Patterns in Primary Care Telehealth Utilization Among Medicare Beneficiaries and Providers.","authors":"Yunxi Zhang, Lincy S Lal, Saurabh Chandra, John Michael Swint","doi":"10.1177/21501319251323983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319251323983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated telehealth adoption, but disparities in its utilization persist. This study examines primary care patient sociodemographic characteristics, telehealth utilization patterns, and provider adoptions before and during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study analyzed data from Mississippi Medicare beneficiaries continuously enrolled in Parts A, B, and D who accessed primary care services from 2019 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 201 677 Medicare beneficiaries accessing primary care, 1364 used telehealth before the pandemic, compared to 73 994 during the pandemic. Telehealth utilization shifted during the pandemic to younger, female, White beneficiaries, and those enrolled in Medicare due to disability or End Stage Renal Disease. During the pandemic, telehealth users exhibited higher Charlson Comorbidity Index and Social Vulnerability Index but lower Digital Divide Index scores compared to non-telehealth users. Telehealth was associated with more primary care visits, broader access, and higher continuity of care. Primary care physicians increased their share of telehealth services to 39%, while specialties such as neuropsychiatry and psychiatry showed the highest adoption rates, reaching 55% and 38%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Telehealth demonstrated a growing role in primary care during the pandemic. Future efforts must address digital divides and advance health equity when integrating telehealth into primary care services.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251323983"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring COVID-19 Vaccine Concerns, Uptake, and Hesitancy Among Pregnant Central American Immigrant Women in the United States During the Pandemic.","authors":"Nachalie Rodriguez-Cruz, Virginia Arango Moreno, Doris Lucero, Qun Le, Mary L Greaney, Ana Cristina Lindsay","doi":"10.1177/21501319251348136","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251348136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The COVID-19 vaccine is vital for protecting pregnant women and their babies, yet many foreign-born women face unique challenges in vaccine uptake. This study explores COVID-19-related fears and vaccine acceptance among from the Northern Triangle countries-El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras in the United States (U.S.).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study aimed to identify factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination among foreign-born pregnant women from Central America, specifically El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras, living in the U.S.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 93 women (mean gestation: 23.3 weeks), most of whom had lived in the U.S. for at least 10 years and had low acculturation. Over two-thirds (66.7%) were fully vaccinated. Key factors driving vaccine acceptance included healthcare access, community health initiatives, and trusted provider recommendations. Cultural values emphasizing family protection and a heightened sense of vulnerability to COVID-19 also contributed to higher vaccination rates. However, 33.3% expressed hesitancy, particularly due to distrust in government, fear of needles, and concerns about the vaccine's rapid development, with Guatemalan participants showing the highest hesitancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings underscore the critical role of healthcare providers in vaccination decisions, and tailored communication strategies addressing cultural and emotional factors are essential to improving vaccine uptake, particularly in immigrant communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251348136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Platforms in Primary Care: Leveraging Asynchronous Consultations to Support Management of Cardiometabolic Diseases and Risk Factors.","authors":"Mohammad S Razai, Hajira Dambha-Miller, Simon Griffin","doi":"10.1177/21501319251345721","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251345721","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251345721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12126685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoride Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors: Adults in Rural Alabama.","authors":"Alex Harper, Steven M Levy, Wei Shi","doi":"10.1177/21501319251350921","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251350921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite strong evidence supporting the benefits of water fluoridation in preventing dental caries, limited research exists on U.S. adults' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding fluoride and tap water intake. This study examined the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding fluoride and tap water intake of Green Hill, Alabama adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of 291 adults was surveyed concerning their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about fluoride in water and toothpaste, and water consumption preferences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a high level of knowledge about fluoride's role in cavity prevention, with 92.4% correctly identifying its benefits. However, 18.3% were unaware that fluoride does not help maintain healthy gums. Regarding attitudes, 14.5% strongly agreed and 28.3% agreed that fluoride in drinking water was beneficial, while 29.1% strongly supported and 53.5% supported its inclusion in toothpaste. A preference for bottled water over tap water was noted by 84.4% of participants, with 36.9% citing distrust of tap water quality as a primary reason. Bivariate analysis found a positive perception of fluoride in tap water correlated with better knowledge, while education level and fluoride awareness influenced attitudes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Additional research is necessary to explore reasons underlying adults' water consumption habits and fluoride perceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251350921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12188084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Our Mental and Emotional Trajectory (COMET): The Feasibility and Acceptability of a Rural Community-Based Strategy to Prevent Mental and Emotional Health Problems.","authors":"Linda Zittleman, Maret Felzien, Kristen Curcija, Christopher Bennett, Kaitlyn Bennett, Joseph Carrica, Christin Sutter, Ashley Sherrill, John M Westfall","doi":"10.1177/21501319251317337","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251317337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People in rural regions frequently lack resources for mental health support. Changing Our Mental and Emotional Trajectory (COMET) is a universal, community-based program designed to address mental and emotional health issues early and prevent crises. COMET Community Training is a short, interactive training that teaches people how to initiate a supportive and potentially emotional conversation using the simple, 7-item COMET Conversational Gravity Assist. This article describes and reports on the feasibility and acceptability of COMET and its Community Training.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>COMET was developed using a participatory research approach by community members and health professionals living in a rural region and their research partners. COMET Community Trainings were conducted over a 22-month period. Surveys were administered to attendees before and after training to describe attendees' characteristics, view on content, and impact on intention to use COMET components. Field notes were completed by trainers to document the date and number of attendees.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 700 people attended 60 Community Trainings. Questionnaires were completed by 644 trainees before and 580 after training. Of pre-survey respondents, 25% worked in education and 15% in farming/ranching. Post-survey respondents were 62% female, and 32% were between age 18 and 36. High levels of training satisfaction were reported. Average likelihood of using items in the COMET conversational guide increased significantly from pre to post training. On a scale of 1 to 10, nearly 80% of respondents rated their likelihood of using COMET in the next 3 months a 7 or higher.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COMET Community Training is a feasible program that effectively reaches a range of community members and improves the likelihood that they will initiate conversations when concerned about someone else's mental health. Results lay the groundwork for COMET as an intervention that promotes mental and emotional well-being to address inequality in mental health for people living in rural communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251317337"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11800243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of an Artificial Intelligence Platform OpenEvidence to Augment Clinical Decision-Making for Primary Care Physicians.","authors":"Ryan T Hurt, Christopher R Stephenson, Elizabeth A Gilman, Christopher A Aakre, Ivana T Croghan, Manpreet S Mundi, Karthik Ghosh, Jithinraj Edakkanambeth Varayil","doi":"10.1177/21501319251332215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319251332215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) platforms can potentially enhance clinical decision-making (CDM) in primary care settings. OpenEvidence (OE), an AI tool, draws from trusted sources to generate evidence-based medicine (EBM) recommendations to address clinical questions. However, its effectiveness in real-world primary care cases remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the performance of OE in providing EBM recommendations for five common chronic conditions in primary care: hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus type 2, depression, and obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five patient cases were retrospectively analyzed. Physicians posed specific clinical questions, and OE responses were evaluated on clarity, relevance, evidence support, impact on CDM, and overall satisfaction. Four independent physicians provided ratings using a 0 to 4 scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OE provided accurate, evidence-based recommendations in all cases, aligning with physician plans. OE was scored on a scale of zero to four, where zero was very unclear, and four was very clear. Mean scores across cases were clarity (3.55 ± 0.60), relevance (3.75 ± 0.44), support (3.35 ± 0.49), and satisfaction (3.60 ± 0.60). However, the impact on CDM was limited (1.95 ± 1.05), as OE primarily reinforced rather than modified plans.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OE was rated high in clarity, relevance, and evidence-based support, reinforcing physician decisions in common chronic conditions. While the impact on CDM was minimal due to the study's retrospective nature, OE shows promise in augmenting the primary care physician. Prospective trials are needed to evaluate its utility in complex cases and multidisciplinary settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251332215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Status, Health Determinants, and Use of Preventive Services Among Frontline Workers in Homeless Services.","authors":"Emese Nagy-Borsy, Viktória Anna Kovács, Dorottya Árva, Zoltán Vokó, Blanka Szeitl, István Kiss, Zsuzsa Rákosy","doi":"10.1177/21501319241312579","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319241312579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Homeless service workers play a key role in addressing the social and health needs of people experiencing homelessness, yet little is known about their own health status and behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationwide survey of Hungarian homeless service workers (n = 548) was conducted using a short version of the European Health Interview Survey. The results were compared with age- and sex-adjusted data from the general Hungarian population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite reporting good health, one-third of homeless service workers had long-standing health problems, with one-fourth experiencing activity limitations. Mild (29.1% vs 17.2%) and moderate (8.5% vs 4.7%) depressive symptoms were nearly twice as prevalent among service workers. They also reported lower daily consumption of fruits and vegetables (41.4% and 26.3% vs 57.0% and 45.4%) and a higher rate of daily smoking (35.4% vs 26.4%). Additionally, 59.3% were classified as overweight or obese. Participation in organized cancer screenings was higher among homeless service workers but stayed below 50% in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings can serve as a foundation for developing strategies to improve the health status of homeless service workers. Ultimately, this benefits both the workforce and the quality of services provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319241312579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming Hesitancy and Barriers to Care with Integration of Telemedicine in a Free Student-run Health Clinic.","authors":"Vikki A Krysov, Michelle E Balshin, Elijah N Azar, Karina Cernioglo, David Perekopskiy, Altynay T Nurpeissova, Lucy Zhonglu Shi","doi":"10.1177/21501319251316338","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251316338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nadezhda Clinic is a free student-run health clinic that provides culturally sensitive primary care services to the underserved Russian-speaking population of the greater Sacramento area. At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the clinic suspended in-person services and solely offered telemedicine visits. Most patients were hesitant to utilize telemedicine due to poor technological literacy, privacy concerns, and a preference for in-person care.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This quality improvement project aimed to evaluate whether the implementation of culturally sensitive telemedicine services and outreach strategies would help address patient hesitancy and barriers to care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Successful implementation of telemedicine was dependent on building trust with the community, providing multilingual technological assistance, and offering personalized support. Some measures that were reviewed in order to assess this included comparison of patient demographics, clinic attendance, and distance reached between in-person and telemedicine services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Telemedicine implementation was associated with increased clinic attendance rates with a no-show rate as low as 13% when compared to in-person services with a no-show rate of 20%. Telehealth services also enabled the clinic to reach patients in rural areas up to 120 miles away.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With the implementation of a culturally sensitive telemedicine protocol, Nadezhda Clinic achieved greater patient retention rates and reached patients at further distances, suggesting an overall reduction in hesitancy and barriers to care. Free clinics offering telemedicine are critical to further address healthcare disparities in marginalized communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251316338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryptocurrency Trading and Associated Mental Health Factors: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Lakshit Jain, Luis Velez-Figueroa, Surya Karlapati, Mary Forand, Rizwan Ahmed, Zouina Sarfraz","doi":"10.1177/21501319251315308","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251315308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cryptocurrency trading seemingly mirrors the high-risk, high-reward nature of gambling, and may cause significant psychological challenges to traders. As cryptocurrency trading becomes mainstream, this scoping review aims to synthesize evidence from empirical studies to understand the emotional, cognitive, and social influences on cryptocurrency traders, and identify associated mental health traits/attributes influencing their behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review adhered to PRISMA-ScR guidelines, pooling in 13 studies involving 11,177 participants across multiple countries. A detailed literature search was conducted up to August 4, 2024, and was rerun on October 9, 2024 using databases including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus. Keywords used included psychiatry, psychology, mental health, cryptocurrency, trading behavior, mental health, substance use, gambling, investment, and/or emotional impact. These terms were refined through iterative searches to retrieve the most relevant studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The scoping review found several key psychological factors affecting cryptocurrency trading behaviors. Many traders exhibited addiction-like behaviors, compulsively trading even when it leads to financial losses. Social media was found to have a strong influence, encouraging herd behavior and impulsive decision-making to follow trends. High levels of psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, were found to be linked to the market's volatility and risks. Overconfidence bias was observed to make traders underestimate risks and overestimate their ability to predict the market. Cognitive biases like confirmation bias and the disposition effect caused traders to hold onto losing investments and sell winning ones too early.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to the shared psychological traits between cryptocurrency trading and gambling, it is imperative to implement targeted early interventions to mitigate the risk of its progression into a pathological condition. Tools like the Problematic Cryptocurrency Trading Scale may help identify and manage risky behaviors. Ongoing research is crucial to identify both positive and negative impact of cryptocurrency trading to develop effective support systems and regulatory policies to address traders' mental well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251315308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11826850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}