Journal of Primary Care and Community Health最新文献

{"title":"Augmenting Community Nursing Practice With Generative AI: A Formative Study of Diagnostic Synergies Using Simulation-Based Clinical Cases.","authors":"Odelyah Saad, Mor Saban, Erika Kerner, Chedva Levin","doi":"10.1177/21501319251326663","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251326663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making of experienced community nurses versus state-of-the-art generative AI (GenAI) systems for simulated patient case scenarios.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the months of 5 to 6/2024, 114 community Israeli nurses completed a questionnaire including 4 medical case studies. Responses were also collected from 3 GenAI models (ChatGPT-4, Claude 3.0, and Gemini 1.5), analyzed both without word limits and with a 10-word constraint. Responses were scored on accuracy, speed, and comprehensiveness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nurses scored higher on average compared to the shortened GenAI responses. GenAI responses were faster but more verbose, and contained unnecessary information. Gemini (full version) and Claude (full version) achieved the highest accuracy among the GenAI models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While GenAI shows potential to support aspects of nursing practice, human clinicians currently exhibit advantages in holistic clinical reasoning abilities, a skill requiring experience, contextual knowledge, and ability to bring concise and practical responses. Further research is needed before GenAI can adequately substitute nursing expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251326663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Characteristics and Utilization of General Practice Healthcare by Adults With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Prue Morgan, Asfarina Zanudin","doi":"10.1177/21501319251320160","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251320160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) experience acute and chronic health issues requiring lifespan primary care. This review aimed to investigate characteristics and utilization of general practitioner (GP) access by adults with CP. Secondary aims included exploring reasons prompting access, identifying interventions provided, and personal features affecting access.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using systematic review methodology, 5 databases were searched using keywords relating to adults, CP, and primary care, relating to quantitative studies (January 2000-July 2024). Data was extracted, collated, and analyzed descriptively, with additional meta-analyses to estimate proportion of GP visits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies were included describing GP access by 6231 adults with CP. The proportion annually accessing a GP was 78% (95% CI = 69%-85%). The frequency of GP access ranged from 1.76 to 11.7 visits per year, increased with advancing age and disability severity. Comorbid intellectual disability and pain also increased GP attendance. Limited data was available reporting healthcare needs prompting GP access, and no interventions were described.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Advancing age, greater disability severity, comorbid intellectual disability, and pain may prompt increased GP access by adults with CP. Identification of reasons for seeking primary care, and interventions provided are required through data linkage studies to enhance lifespan care.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251320160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a Family-Based Self-Management Intervention for Type 2 Diabetes Patients Receiving Family Doctor Contract Services: A Community-Based Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Lan Zhu, Jing Wang, Zhigang Pan, Wei Zhang, Jing Tang, Hua Yan, Fulai Shen, Yi Shen","doi":"10.1177/21501319251330384","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251330384","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The community-based management of type 2 diabetes in China remains suboptimal. Incorporating family support presents a promising approach to enhancing facilitators and addressing barriers to effective diabetes self-management, particularly in the Chinese context where familial relationships and collective family responsibility play a central role in health-related decision-making and daily life. We aimed to validate a family support-based self-management behavioral intervention program, Systematic evaluation, core education, self-directed planning, triple feedback, and develop a habit program (SeCe-STRIVE). The program comprises 5 modules: systematic evaluation, core education, self-directed planning, triple feedback, and habit development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Research design and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a community-based, single-center, parallel randomized controlled trial in the Xietu community of Xuhui District, Shanghai. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Participants in the intervention group received the SeCe-STRIVE health management program based on family support, while those in the control group received the community-based follow-up management program for type 2 diabetes. The primary outcome measured was the total self-management behavior score and its changes across various dimensions from baseline. Secondary outcomes included family support, family function, diabetes knowledge, quality of life, self-efficacy, and biochemical markers. Post-intervention changes in both primary and secondary outcomes relative to baseline were analyzed using analysis of covariance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The study ultimately included 113 participants in the intervention group and 112 in the control group. The intervention group's total self-management behavior score improved by 12.74 (95% CI = 10.07, 15.40, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001) points more than the control group. Across all dimensions of self-management behaviors, the intervention group showed greater improvement, including diet, exercise, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, and medication adherence. Participants with low family support exhibited greater improvements in self-management behaviors compared to those with high family support. The intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in family support, family function, diabetes knowledge, and self-efficacy. Although quality of life and biochemical indicators of glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, and blood lipids showed a decreasing trend, the differences were not statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared to the control group, patients with type 2 diabetes who received the SeCe-STRIVE program intervention showed significant improvements in self-management behaviors, accompanied by enhancements in family support, family functioning, and self-efficacy. Further large-scale, multi-center trials with longer follow-up p","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251330384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Weight Gain to Heart Strain: HIV Antiretroviral Adverse Effect Management in Primary Care.","authors":"Haoxin Liu, Ganiat Kehinde, Analyce Pugh, Jennifer Cocohoba, Crystal K Hodge","doi":"10.1177/21501319251347869","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251347869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>More than 40 years after discovering HIV, the prognosis has transformed from an acute, fatal illness, to an average life expectancy approximating that of the general population. Correspondingly, new concerns regarding the management of older adults with HIV and multimorbidity are beginning to emerge. To support the HIV care continuum, people with HIV benefit from having a primary care medical home to address multimorbidity associated with age, genetic disposition, chronic HIV, and/or antiretroviral adverse effects. The interplay between HIV, antiretrovirals, and metabolic conditions is complex and is under study. It is imperative that primary care clinicians and medical team members are aware of how HIV and antiretrovirals can impact a person's comorbidities and corresponding mitigation strategies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this commentary is to raise awareness of the metabolic consequences of modern antiretrovirals so that interdisciplinary teams caring for people with HIV can better coordinate the management of related conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251347869"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Acceptability of a Vaginal Self-Sampling Device in a Rural Parish of Cuenca, Ecuador.","authors":"Dayanara Delgado López, Ana Acosta Bedón, Roque Rivas-Párraga, Micaela Heredia, Carolina Muñoz, Bernardo Vega Crespo, Heleen Vermandere, Marie Hendrickx, Ana Gama, Vivian Alejandra Neira","doi":"10.1177/21501319251320172","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251320172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cervical Cancer (CC) is a preventable and treatable disease if detected early, yet it remains a global health challenge. In Ecuador, CC is the second most common cancer; however, screening uptake remains suboptimal due to poor knowledge, low willingness, and limited access to healthcare. Traditionally, CC screening requires a healthcare professional, creating social and access barriers. Innovative techniques such as \"self-sampling\" (SS) for human papillomavirus (HPV) detection offer a promising alternative.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluates the acceptability, attitudes, and user experience of a community-based SS program among a hard-to-reach population following a local educational session.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental study was conducted in a rural community in Cuenca, Ecuador. Educational sessions were organized, after which women were offered the option to perform SS for HPV detection. Three questionnaires were administered to assess population characteristics, risk factors, and experiences toward the process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 130 participants, 90% accepted SS, and 10% rejected SS. A significant number of women reported that SS was faster and less painful compared to traditional Papanicolaou tests (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SS shows strong potential for increasing CC screening, especially in hard-to-reach areas, emphasizing the need to adapt screening programs to meet diverse community needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251320172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11840851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities and Challenges for Large Language Models in Primary Health Care.","authors":"Hongyang Qin, Yuling Tong","doi":"10.1177/21501319241312571","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319241312571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary Health Care (PHC) is the cornerstone of the global health care system and the primary objective for achieving universal health coverage. China's PHC system faces several challenges, including uneven distribution of medical resources, a lack of qualified primary healthcare personnel, an ineffective implementation of the hierarchical medical treatment, and a serious situation regarding the prevention and control of chronic diseases. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, large language models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential in the medical field with their powerful natural language processing and reasoning capabilities, especially in PHC. This review focuses on the various potential applications of LLMs in China's PHC, including health promotion and disease prevention, medical consultation and health management, diagnosis and triage, chronic disease management, and mental health support. Additionally, pragmatic obstacles were analyzed, such as transparency, outcomes misrepresentation, privacy concerns, and social biases. Future development should emphasize interdisciplinary collaboration and resource sharing, ongoing improvements in health equity, and innovative advancements in medical large models. There is a demand to establish a safe, effective, equitable, and flexible ethical and legal framework, along with a robust accountability mechanism, to support the achievement of universal health coverage.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319241312571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Study of Food Insecurity Screening and Referral: Implementation Barriers, Facilitators, and Lessons from a Healthcare-Food Bank Partnership.","authors":"Sanjna Bhatia, Milette Siler, Kelseanna Hollis-Hansen, Karen Schroder, Nora Gimpel, Rebecca Eary","doi":"10.1177/21501319251348144","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319251348144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Routine food insecurity screening in healthcare is recommended, yet the impact of community referrals remains uncertain. This study examined whether food-insecure patients identified through a free cancer screening program were successfully connected to resources via a local food bank partnership.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Women screened for breast or cervical cancer through a state-funded grant were assessed for food insecurity using the Hunger Vital Signs tool. Patients identified as food insecure were offered referrals to food bank services during a follow up call. One to three weeks later, a brief telephone survey assessed barriers and facilitators to accessing food.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 451 patients screened (average age 46 years, 54.3% Spanish-speaking), 92 (20%) were identified as food insecure and received follow-up calls, with 64 (69%) responding. Referrals accepted included government food assistance (23%), home delivery (6%), and both services (8%). Of the 24 patients referred to SNAP or home delivery services, 21 (87%) responded to follow-up calls, and 8 (33%) of these successfully received the referred services.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrating food insecurity screening in health care settings is a promising approach to connect at risk patients with food. Future programs should consider barriers and facilitators to connecting with resources within their community.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"16 ","pages":"21501319251348144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Posterior Neck Lumps Need Ultrasound Evaluation: A Case Series of 623 Neck Ultrasound Studies at a Single Institution.","authors":"Atif Siddiqui, Nicholas Chua","doi":"10.1177/21501319241271284","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319241271284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objectives: </strong>Neck lumps are a common presentation to primary care services. The aetiology of posterior neck lumps is poorly explored in the literature, and therefore remain a concern to patients and clinicians. This often results in an urgent referral for ultrasound assessment. The authors of this study sought to evaluate the aetiology of posterior neck lumps from a radiological perspective, to assess whether ultrasound can be used as a useful adjunct, rather than a first-line urgent investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case series was carried out, examining all primary care referred ultrasound studies for assessment of posterior neck lumps, performed at a single institution in Essex, United Kingdom, over a period of over 10 years dating between 2nd February 2012 to 8th November 2022. Data was collected on: patient age at the time of study, patient sex, whether the lump was single or multiple as palpated and documented by the primary care physician, size of the lump to the nearest 0.5 cm as documented on ultrasound using the longest dimension, sonographic diagnosis and any follow up imaging (not limited to ultrasound).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 623 neck ultrasounds were performed on 615 adults. Of the overall radiological diagnoses made from the 623 scans, 555 (89.09%) scans were benign, 63 (10.11%) scans had no lump found on sonography, and 3 (0.48%) scans showed malignancy. In the remaining 2 (0.32%) scans, the lump was deemed indeterminate. The most common aetiologies for benign lumps were due to: normal lymph nodes (n = 263; 42.21%), lipomas (n = 152; 24.39%), and benign dermal cysts (n = 105; 16.85%). All 3 malignant cases had co-existing anterior and posterior neck lumps.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given that the overwhelming majority of posterior neck lumps in our study had benign findings, we propose that patients with solitary or even multiple posterior neck lumps alone, regardless of size can either be investigated routinely or can be reassured depending on other clinical examination characteristics. Patients who have the presence of co-existing anterior and posterior neck palpable neck lumps justifies urgent or 2-week wait radiological investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"15 ","pages":"21501319241271284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Human Papillomavirus Test Uptake and Cervical Cancer Screening Trends in the Midwest, United States.","authors":"Katie M Ehman, Gregory D Jenkins, Jessica A Grimm, Taylor L Cammack, Brittanee J Samuelson, Rebecca J Stoll, Julie A Maxson, Kathy L MacLaughlin","doi":"10.1177/21501319241251934","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319241251934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objectives: </strong>Despite U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and American Cancer Society endorsement of primary HPV screening, limited published data shows low uptake.</p><p><strong>Primary aim: </strong>Assess cervical cancer screening rates over time, particularly primary HPV test uptake, among patients in a midwestern practice.</p><p><strong>Secondary aim: </strong>Evaluate associations between sociodemographics and screening adherence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study. Qualifying subjects and type of screening test used were identified by applying ICD-9, ICD-10, lab test, and CPT codes to the Unified Data Platform. Sociodemographics were found through the electronic health record.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Primary HPV uptake represented <1% of annual screening from 1/2017 to 1/2022. On 1/1/2022, only 55% of 21 to 29 year old and 63% of 30 to 65 year old were up to date with screening among the studied population. For 21 to 29 year old, compared with White women, Black women were 28% less likely to be screened [RR = 0.72 (0.66-0.79)]. Compared with never-smokers, current smokers were 9% less likely to be screened [RR = 0.91 (0.87-0.96)], past smokers were 14% more likely [RR = 1.14 (1.09-1.2)]. Among 30 to 65 year old, compared with White women, Black women were 14% less likely to be screened [RR = 0.86 (0.81-0.9)]. Compared with never-smokers, current smokers were 21% less likely to be screened [RR = 0.79 (0.77-0.81)], past smokers were 6% less likely [RR = 0.94 (0.92-0.95)]. Jointly considering race, ethnicity, smoking status, Charlson score, and rurality, findings were similar for 21 to 29 year old; Black women were screened less than White women [RR = 0.73 (0.67-0.79)]; current smokers [RR = 0.9 (0.85-0.94)] and past smokers [RR = 1.12 (1.06-1.17)] were screened less than never smokers. For 30 to 65 year old, Black women were screened less than White women [RR = 0.83 (0.79-0.88)]; current smokers [RR = 0.8 (0.78-0.81)] and past smokers [RR = 0.95 (0.93-0.96)] were screened less than never smokers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Screening rates remained below the Healthy People 2030 goal of 79.2% over time, particularly for younger Black women and current smokers, with minimal use of primary HPV screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"15 ","pages":"21501319241251934"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11085000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of COVID-19 Home Testing Through Community Health Centers: Results of the <i>COVID CoNOce MÁS Study</i>.","authors":"Jesse N Nodora, Maria Elena Martinez, Corinne McDaniels-Davidson, Jian Shen, Amy M Sitapati, Francesca Torriani, Jess Mandel, Linda Hill","doi":"10.1177/21501319241259684","DOIUrl":"10.1177/21501319241259684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess acceptability and feasibility of rapid at-home COVID-19 testing and reporting of test results among individuals seeking care at community health centers (CHCs) and their household members.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were recruited from 2 Community Health Centers during a clinic visit or a community event. Over-the-counter COVID-19 tests were distributed to participants for self-testing and to offer testing to household members. Separate surveys were administered to collect baseline information on the study participant and to collect test results on the study participant and household members. We calculated the proportion of individuals who agreed to complete COVID home testing, those who reported test results, and the test positivity. For household members, we calculated the proportion who completed and reported results and the positivity rate. We assessed reasons for undergoing COVID-19 testing and the action taken by participants who reported positive tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2189 individuals were approached by CHC staff for participation and 1013 (46.3%) agreed to participate. Among the 959 participants with complete sociodemographic data, 88% were Hispanic and 82.6% were female. The proportion providing test results was 36.2% and the test positivity was 4.2%. Among the 1927 test reports, 35.3% for the index participant and 64.4% were for household members. The largest proportion of test results were for index participants (35.3%) and the second largest was for the participant's children (32.1%), followed by parents (16.9%), and spouse/partner (13.2%). The 2 most common reasons for testing were symptoms (29%) and attending family gatherings (26%). Among test-positive individuals (n = 80), most (83.3%) noted that they isolated but only 16.3% called their provider and 1.3% visited a clinic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show interest in at-home COVID-19 testing of multiple household members, as we headed into the endemic phase of the pandemic. However, reporting of test results was modest and among test-positive individuals, reporting results to a provider was very low. These results underscore the challenges with reporting and following guidelines among people undergoing home testing for COVID-19, which may have implications for future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":46723,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Primary Care and Community Health","volume":"15 ","pages":"21501319241259684"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11168037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}