{"title":"Evaluating the external costs of a modal shift from rail to sea","authors":"Inge Vierth, V. Sowa, K. Cullinane","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2019.19.1.4082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2019.19.1.4082","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the comparative level of social and external costs if an existing transport chain is replaced by one that includes a greater use of shipping. The main objective of the paper is to assess, on the basis of changes in social and external cost, the potential effectiveness of policies which aim to promote a modal shift to shipping. The social and external costs of both options are evaluated, therefore, using both Sweden’s national guidelines for cost-benefit analysis and the European guidelines. A secondary objective of the paper is to evaluate the sensitivity of outcomes to the methodology applied and the input values employed, as well as to identify the relative strengths and weaknesses of these two CBA methodologies when applied to choices involving a shipping mode, The paper concludes that evaluation outcomes are highly sensitive to the choice of CBA methodology and the input values embedded therein. In addition, a number of shortcomings with the guidelines are identified, the most important of which are the need to: (1) have specific values for air pollution from ships; (2) incorporate a system for continuous updates of emission factors, given that vessel speeds vary over time and; (3) incorporate values for water pollution and its effects on the coast and sea bottom. For the Swedish guidelines specifically, there is a need to encompass a value for the scarcity of rail capacity.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44799045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"미시적 방법에 의한 공역 섹터 수용량 산정에 관한 연구(인천 ACC(Area Control Center) 북부섹터를 사례로)","authors":"Kim, Hui-yang, 백호종, 이승준, 박장훈, 채영두, 윤석재","doi":"10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89336447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"가구통행실태조사 자료를 활용한 소득계층별 공간적 분리 탐색","authors":"오지예, Joengyewon, Seong-Yun Hong, 이영호","doi":"10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73749777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"거시적 방법에 의한 공역 섹터 수용량 산정에 관한 연구(인천 ACC(Area Control Center) 북부섹터를 사례로)","authors":"Kim, Hui-yang, 백호종, 윤석재, 박장훈, 이승준","doi":"10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75734229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"저고도 무인비행장치 교통관리를 위한 지형적 경계 생성 기법","authors":"정규서, 이금진","doi":"10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.63","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75817187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Snelder, I. Wilmink, Jeroen P. T. van der Gun, H. Bergveld, Parvin Hoseini, Bart Van Arem
{"title":"Mobility impacts of automated driving and shared mobility","authors":"M. Snelder, I. Wilmink, Jeroen P. T. van der Gun, H. Bergveld, Parvin Hoseini, Bart Van Arem","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2019.19.4.4282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2019.19.4.4282","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a model specifically developed to explore the mobility impacts of connected and automated driving and shared mobility. It is an explorative iterative model that uses an elasticity model for destination choice, a multinomial logit model for mode choice and a network fundamental diagram to assess traffic impacts. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first model that combines a network fundamental diagram with choice models. A second contribution is the inclusion of automated vehicles, automated (shared) taxis, automated shared vans and new parking concepts in the model as well as the way in which they affect mobility choices and traffic conditions. The insights into the direct mobility impacts are the third contribution. The short computation time of the model enables exploration of large numbers of scenarios, sensitivity analyses and assessments of the impacts of interventions. The model was applied in a case study of the Dutch Province of North-Holland, in which the potential impacts of automated and shared vehicles and mitigating interventions were explored. In this case study, four extreme scenarios were explored, in which 100% of the vehicles have SAE-level 3/4 or 5 and people have a low or high willingness to share. The extremes were chosen to get insights into maximum effects. The results show that if automated vehicles and sharing are accepted, it is likely that there will be considerable changes in mobility patterns and traffic performance, with both positive and problematic effects.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49455840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Behavioural impacts of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems - an overview.","authors":"K. Brookhuis, D. de Waard, W. Janssen","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2001.1.3.3667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2001.1.3.3667","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) is that driver error will be reduced or even eliminated, and efficiency in traffic and transport is enhanced. The benefits of ADAS implementations are potentially considerable because of a significant decrease in human suffering, economical cost and pollution. However, there are also potential problems to be expected, since the task of driving a ordinary motor vehicle is changing in nature, in the direction of supervising a (partly) automated moving vehicle.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67510435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introducing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: Some Legal Issues","authors":"R. V. D. Heijden, K. V. Wees","doi":"10.18757/EJTIR.2001.1.3.3671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18757/EJTIR.2001.1.3.3671","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) in road traffic induces many complex questions. One of them is whether or not present legislation frameworks are able to accommodate a smooth development and market implementation of ADAS. This is strongly related to the aspect of traffic safety. The various aspects related to this issue are categorised based on an exploration of the functionality and possible failure of ADAS. Next, some problem categories are more in-depth elaborated. In particular attention is paid to the need for establishing safety requirements to the design and marketing of ADAS as well as the issue of liability regulation. It is concluded that decision making on safety requirements mainly takes place at an international level. However, so far hardly any requirements regarding ADAS have been laid down in compulsory rules yet. It is further concluded that current legal frameworks in both the fields of vehicle safety standards and liability provide for (some) flexibility towards technical developments regarding ADAS, i.e. these frameworks do not contain many ‘hard rules’ obstructing the introduction of ADAS. Concerning the safety regulation of ADAS it is argued that the speed of technological developments and the innovative and specific nature of ADAS technology generate various tensions. These tensions should have consequences for the weight that is put on public and private intervention mechanisms and the relation between preventive safety standards and reactive regimes such as product liability and post-market controls.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67510045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"자율주행자동차 윤리 가이드라인 인식 조사 연구","authors":"황용섭","doi":"10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34143/jtr.2019.26.1.47","url":null,"abstract":"(연구배경 및 목적) 우리나라에서 유니버설디자인에 대한 논의가 본격적으로 시작된 것은 1990년대 후반부터이다. 또한 무장애 디자인과 같은 개념이 비슷한 시기에 학술연구를 통해서 활발하게 시작되었다. 이는 한국이 가진 다양한 문제점과 비전에 대한 통찰로부터 시작된 중요한 변화의 시작이라고 말할 수 있다. 유니버설디자인과 관련한 다양한 학술 연구들이 발표되기 시작한 1990년대 후반을 우리나라 유니버설디자인 논의의 기점으로 파악한다면, 우리나라의 유니버설디자인은 20여 년의 역사를 가진다고 말할 수 있다. 이러한 기간 동안 유니버설디자인은 지방자치 단체를 중심으로 매우 활발하게 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 그 동안 진행 되어온 유니버설디자인은 장기적이고 구체적인 계획이 결여된 채 유행의 하나로 그치고 마는 것은 아닐까 하는 우려를 자아낸다. 이러한 상황에서 우리나라 국민들이 가지는 유니버설디자인에 대한 의식을 확인 하는 것은 매우 중요한 과정으로 파악될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 빅데이터 분석에 기반한 텍스트 마이닝 기법을 통하여 대중들의 유니버설디자인 인식을 조사하고 분석하여 제시하는데 목적이 있다. (연구방법) 본 연구의 범위는 유니버설디자인에 대한 기본 현황과 개념에 대한 부분을 포함하고, 수용자 인식 조사 및 분석을 실시한다. 이러한 연구의 방법 및 절차는, 가장 먼저 유니버설디자인에 대한 문헌자료 분석을 통하여 우리나라 유니버설디자인의 현황을 파악한다. 그리고 이를 바탕으로 유니버설디자인에 대한 사용자 인식의 판별 기준 마련을 위하여 유니버설디자인의 학술적 개념의 범주를 정의한다. 실제 조사 단계에서는 사회 관계망 서비스 중심의 텍스트 마이닝을 통하여 유니버설디자인에 대한 수용자 인식을 조사하고 분석한다. 그리고 최종적으로 이러한 분석 결과를 토대로 유니버설디자인에 대한 수용자 인식을 파악한다. (결과) 유니버설디자인에 대한 분석의 결과로 도출된 중요한 사항들은, 첫째, 우리 나라 SNS 사용자들은 유니버설디자인이 장애인과 관련한 디자인 활동의 하나라는 점을 인식하고 있으며, 특히 공모전을 중심으로 관심의 초점이 형성되어 있다. 이는 유니버설디자인의 실천적 사례가 공모전에서 수상한 작품들과 그 아이디어를 중심으로 확산된다는 것을 의미한다. 둘째, 학술 연구자들의 유니버설디자인과 관련한 관심은 주로 노인 및 고령화 사회를 대상으로 한다. 이는 우리사화가 고령화사회를 지나오는 과정에서 유니버설디자인의 대상이 노인 문제에 집중하게 되었음을 의미한다. (결론) SNS 사용자와 학술 연구자 모두 유니버설디자인은 공공디자인과 밀접한 관계를 가진다고 인식함을 알 수 있다. 이는 전통적 디자인이 추구하던 상업적 마케팅의 영역을 벗어나 공동체의 삶과 복지에 이바지하는 사회적 디자인의 필요성에 대한 요구를 의미하는 것이라고 볼 수 있다. 넷째, 디자인의 전통적 분야와 관련하여서는 환경이나 공간 디자인과 같은 분야에 대한 관심에 범위가 높고, 제품디자인에 대해서는 관심의 초점이 명확하다는 점을 알 수 있다. 그러나 상대적으로 시각디자인 분야에 대해서는 상대적으로 관심의 정도가 약하다. 이는 주로 신체적 활동과 관련한 디자인 사례들이 주로 부각되기 때문으로 이해되며, 시각디자인 분야에서의 유니버설디자인 필요성과 이해를 높이는 다양한 노력이 필요함을 의미한다.","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86771588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harutoshi HAYASAKA, William HAYES, Shigeru KASHIMA, Takashi KOBAYASHI
{"title":"An Ex-Post Analysis of Japanese AGT Systems","authors":"Harutoshi HAYASAKA, William HAYES, Shigeru KASHIMA, Takashi KOBAYASHI","doi":"10.34143/jtr.2018.25.4.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34143/jtr.2018.25.4.27","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46721,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75968229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}