Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Solitary Metastasis Mimicking Glioblastoma in a Patient with Fahr's Disease.","authors":"Onur Taydas, Busra Has, Zakir Sakci, Hayri Ogul, Mecit Kantarci","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02137-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02137-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fahr's disease is defined as the accumulation of bilateral idiopathic calcification in the basal ganglia, dentate nucleus, and centrum semiovale. The coexistence of Fahr's disease and intracranial tumors is extremely rare, with only five cases documented in the literature. This study aimed to present a rare case, discussing both similarities and differences with previously reported cases. A 70-year-old female patient presented to our hospital with a progressive headache over the past month. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with intravenous contrast was performed for further evaluation. Bilateral basal ganglia, thalamus, and dentate nuclei showed calcifications consistent with Fahr's disease. After excluding toxic, infectious, and endocrine causes of calcification, the patient was diagnosed with Fahr's disease. Magnetic resonance imaging also revealed a midline localized, irregularly contoured, and heterogeneously intense mass with contrast enhancement at the centrum semiovale level, accompanied by peripheral edema. Radiologically, the mass resembled a high-grade glioma or metastasis, and the presence of a lipid peak further suggested metastasis. Based on radiological findings, the patient was diagnosed with brain metastasis of breast carcinoma. The patient received chemotherapy for metastasis, which resulted in substantial regression of the mass. In patients with known Fahr's disease, new-onset headaches and related symptoms should warrant evaluation for possible brain tumors. In these cases, imaging findings should be assessed along with physical examination findings and the patient's medical history to support the diagnostic process.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 3","pages":"807-812"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Assess the Predictive and Prognostic Role of PD-L1 and CD8 Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.","authors":"Pinki Pandey, Kapil Trivedi, Roopak Aggarwal, Alok Dixit, Alka Yadav, Savita Agarwal, Shailendra Pal Singh, Kailash Kumar Mittal","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02139-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13193-024-02139-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), introduced in 1970 for inoperable tumors, has become the standard treatment approach in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). Pathological complete response (pCR) following NACT is an important indicator for disease-free survival. An increased number of CD8-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the tumor center is thought to indicate an effective antitumor-immune response. Aberrant expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) allows tumor cells to escape the host immune system. Change in PD-L1 expression may serve as an indirect indicator to assess the response to NACT. The residual cancer burden (RCB) category defined by routine histopathological evaluation represents the extent of residual disease and may predict disease-free survival. In this study, we assessed the expression of PD-L1 and CD8 in pre- and post-NACT specimens and their role in predicting pathological response to NACT. This study was conducted for a period of 3 years at Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai. PD-L1 and CD8 expression was compared on pre- and post-NACT tissue specimens. Pathological response to NACT was assessed by the RCB system. A total of 62 cases were evaluated. The mean age of patients was 47.58 ± 11.16 years. Six (9.7%) patients achieved pCR (RCB-0). PD-L1 and CD8 expression was found to be positively associated with pathological response (<i>P</i> < 0.001 for both). Tumors with negative PD-L1 (OR = 0.02) and pre-NACT intermediate/low expression of CD8 in TILs (OR = 0.11) are less likely to show a response to NACT. Prognostic role of PD-L1 and CD8 was also assessed by the Nottingham prognostic index (NPI)<b>.</b> The expression of PD-L1 and CD8-positive TILs correlate with response to chemotherapy. High PD-L1 and CD8-positive TILs may predict better response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 3","pages":"774-783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Case of Adult Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Uterus in a Postmenopausal Woman.","authors":"Bhaavya Paturi, Praharshita Doddapaneni, Shyamala Guruvare, Nawaz Usman, Karthik Udupa","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02133-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13193-024-02133-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant soft tissue tumor arising from undifferentiated myogenic progenitor cells, predominantly occurring in children. Here, we report a peculiar case of adult rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterus in a postmenopausal lady, who presented with heaviness in the lower abdomen and a large abdominopelvic mass. In this article, we discuss the difficulty in diagnosing such cases and the crucial role of immunohistochemistry. This case report highlights the importance of considering rhabdomyosarcoma as a differential diagnosis in atypical soft tissue tumors, especially in postmenopausal women. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterus in adults being very rare, there is limited data on the appropriate management guidelines. Our patient received multimodality treatment with surgery followed by palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy for recurrence of the disease. As rhabdomyosarcoma is very aggressive, prognosis is often poor. Hence, early diagnosis and prompt initiation of multidisciplinary treatment offer the best chance of survival for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 3","pages":"728-731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigation Assistance in Orthopedic Oncosurgery: Our Early Experience.","authors":"Ashik Bary, Amit Gupta, K S Meghashyam, Manish Agarwal","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02131-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13193-024-02131-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary objective of orthopedic oncologists is to perform bone tumor surgeries with tumor-free margins for malignant tumors and complete clearance of benign bone diseases. The functional outcome depends on the salvage of important structures and optimal reconstruction of the bony defect. On-going advances in technology have helped in 3-dimensional templating of patient's anatomy and real-time tracking of instruments during surgery. Computer navigation system joins patients' imaging information to real-time anatomy by using tracking and registration of pre- and/or intra-operative acquired images. We share our experience with 15 navigation-assisted surgeries performed at a single institute. We used BrainLab navigation system coupled with the Ziehm vision RFD 3D C-arm for intra-op registration in our cases. Our study did not compare the accuracy of the resection with the intended plan using imaging in all cases; however, margins were negative in all malignant cases. These patients were followed up for a short period. Multicenter comparative studies with longer follow-ups are required to establish their clinical effectiveness. Current evidence suggests that this technology may be applicable in challenging anatomical locations and joint/physis preserving tumor surgery to achieve precise resections or curettages that accurately match intended resection plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 3","pages":"732-742"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Low-Dose Nivolumab Leading to Complete Pathological Response in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma.","authors":"Prasanth Penumadu, Prasanth Ganesan, Dhanapathi Halanaik","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02148-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13193-024-02148-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and the most common cause of mortality. Locally advanced non-small cell carcinoma is treated with multimodality treatment. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy is known to have a maximal response and improves outcomes in stage III lung cancers. Immunotherapy is not affordable in mid and low-socioeconomic-income countries. Here we report a 69-year-old gentleman treated with neoadjuvant low-dose nivolumab (LDNiv) with chemotherapy followed by surgery and it shows a complete pathological response. LDNiv could be an economical option and could be explored in future prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 3","pages":"813-815"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Neoaduvant Chemotherapy and Oncological Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy for Variant Histology Versus Pure Urothelial Bladder Cancer - A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study.","authors":"S T Jayanth, Abhik Debnath, Mahasampath Gowri, Arun J P George, Antony Devasia, Santosh Kumar, Nirmal Thampi John","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02138-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02138-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prospective data on outcome of variant histology bladder cancer is scarce. We compared the neoadjuvant chemotherapy usage and oncological outcomes in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for variant versus pure urothelial histology bladder cancer. This was a retrospective comparative cohort study. Data was collected from the electronic database of our hospital from June 2009 to June 2018. Two hundred forty-one patients underwent radical cystectomy in the study period. Patients were divided into two groups (Group A - variant histology bladder cancer and Group B - pure urothelial histology). The primary outcome was overall survival. The secondary outcomes included recurrence free survival and complications. Of the 241 patients, 41 had variant histology. Histological variants were sarcomatoid (11), sarcoma (4), squamous cell (8), neuroendocrine (3), adenocarcinoma (8), and others (7). The median age was 59 years in both groups. The median duration of follow-up in Groups A and B was 12.5 and 24 months, respectively. NACT was given in 12 and 14% (Groups A and B). The median overall survival in Groups A and B was 24 (95% <i>CI</i> 14-33) and 40 months (95% <i>CI</i> 29-50), respectively (95% <i>CI</i> 25-50) (<i>p</i> = 0.12). The median OS trend is better with chemotherapy among both VH (NACT vs no NACT: not reached and 24 months) and UC (NACT vs no NACT: 40 and 36 months) groups. Margin positivity rate was significantly higher in Group A (12%) compared to Group B (3%) (<i>p</i> < 0.03). The recurrence free survival in Groups A and B was 16(<i>CI</i> 3-28) and 38(<i>CI</i> 23-52) months, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.06). There was no difference in post-operative complications (Clavien Dindo) between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 0.59). Variant histology bladder cancers exhibit an aggressive behavior with early recurrences and a poorer overall survival compared to pure urothelial bladder cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy tends to improve survival in both groups.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13193-024-02138-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 3","pages":"753-761"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ in Human Colorectal Carcinoma and Its Correlation with Clinicopathological Characteristics.","authors":"Deepsikha Dharamsaktu, Jyotsna Naresh Bharti, Poonam Elhence, Meenakshi Rao, Jeewan Ram Vishnoi, Subash Chandra Soni, Neeti Rustagi","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02122-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02122-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peroxisome proliferator activator receptor γ (PPAR γ) activation may be responsible for inhibiting the growth of cancer cell lines, and drugs that activate PPAR γ may have therapeutic benefits. Therefore, a mutation in peroxisome proliferator activator receptor γ can produce carcinogenesis. This present study aims to assess the expression of PPAR γ by immunohistochemistry in colorectal carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics. Most of the cases were elderly males, and pelvic pain and bleeding were the predominant symptoms. Colon carcinoma was more common than rectal carcinoma. The adenocarcinoma NOS and mucinous carcinoma were the common histological types, and 40% cases showed lymph node metastasis. The PPAR γ expression was present in 61.8% of the patients, and it showed a significant correlation with lymph node metastasis and tumor location (<i>p</i> = 0.05 and <i>p</i> = 0.04). The overall survival was slightly higher but non-significant in patients with positive PPAR γ expression than negative ones (<i>p</i> = 0.7). The multivariate analysis revealed that nodal metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were the independent prognostic factors for colorectal carcinoma. The PPAR γ expression showed a significant correlation with lymph node metastasis and tumor location. Thus, we hypothesized that the PPAR γ expression might affect the overall survival in colorectal cancer. However, more studies with larger sample size are required to understand the nature of colorectal cancer expressing PPAR γ which might benefit the patient therapeutically in future.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 2","pages":"685-690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Indocyanine Green Angiography to Assess Intra-operative Bowel Vascularity and its Association with Post-operative Outcome in Robot-assisted Rectal Resection: a Prospective Indian Cohort Study.","authors":"Shrivastava Neelesh, Balasubramanian A, Penumadu Prasanth, Ramanan Sinduja, Subramani Pradeep","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02126-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02126-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adequate intestinal perfusion is one of the critical factors influencing anastomotic leak (AL) in colorectal surgery. The use of indocyanine green fluoroscence angiography (ICG-FA) intra-operatively to ensure optimal perfusion is being increasingly used. This prospective study aimed to assess the role of ICG-FA in robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer. This was a prospective cohort study carried out between July 2019 and July 2023, comprising patients undergoing elective robot-assisted rectal resection. The primary objective was to determine the role of ICG-FA in assessing bowel vascularity and in deciding the transection point of the bowel. The secondary objective was to assess the effect of ICG-FA on the post-operative outcomes, and also the effect of the various variables on the ICG staining grade. A total of 50 patients were included. Sixty percent of the patients received pre-operative radiotherapy, including short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) and long-course concurrent chemoradiation (LCRT). A change in transection line based on a less than normal ICG-FA grade was done in 11 patients (22%). Post-operatively, AL was present in 8 patients, out of whom 5 underwent re-operation. Administration of pre-operative RT was the only factor significantly associated with post-operative AL (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The present study showed that a change in the transection point based on the intra-operative ICG-FA was made in 22% of the patients. ICG-FA could hence be used as a potential adjunct to the operative surgeon in assessing the bowel vascularity in a minimally invasive approach like robotic or laparoscopic surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 2","pages":"676-684"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Outcomes and Survival in Pancreatic and Periampullary Cancers: A Single Centre Experience.","authors":"Suresh Kumar, Navin Noushad, M P Viswanathan, Arvind Raj","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02116-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02116-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with many cases diagnosed at locally advanced stages making pancreaticoduodenectomy a technically challenging surgery with significant mortality and morbidity. This study analyses the surgical outcomes and survival after surgery for pancreatic cancers from a single centre in south India. This is a retrospective analysis of pancreatic and periampullary cancer patients who were treated in our institute between January 2014 and November 2022 (<i>n</i> = 71). The median age at diagnosis was 55 years. In about 2/3rd of cases, tumour was located in periampullary region and 62 out of 71 patients underwent curative resection. The most common histopathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma (87%). Nodal metastasis were detected in 13% of specimens. The predominant morbidity was delayed gastric emptying (DGE 12.7%) and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF 11%) with a combined overall morbidity of 35.2% and 30-day mortality of 7.3%. Pre-op nutritional status had a strong association with postoperative morbidity. The median time of survival was 20 months, with a median follow-up of 22 months. Age less than 60 years (<i>P</i> value = 0.0264) and receiving all 6 or more cycles of chemo were significantly associated with improved survival (<i>P</i> value = 0.0297). Lower-stage cancers (T1, T2, and N0) were associated with better survival. The patient characteristics, histological factors, and perioperative outcomes were similar to the reports from other Indian studies. The 3-year survival rate was 30%. There was an increasing trend of survival in patients with age less than 60 years and in patients who received 6 or more cycles of chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 2","pages":"621-626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and Prognostic Accuracy of MMPs and TIMPs in Oral Cancer Patients on Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) as Compared to Immunohistochemistry (IHC).","authors":"Jyoti Saini, Jaimanti Bakshi, Naresh Kumar Panda, Maryada Sharma, Ashok Kumar Yadav, Suruthy Narayansami, Atul Kumar Goyal","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02113-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02113-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral cancer is one of most common noncommunicable diseases that imposed significant burden on healthcare around the globe including India. Several molecular markers have been extensively researched for their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for oral cancer. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) found to play a crucial role in cytoskeleton dynamics and thus tumor growth and metastasis. The present study aims to analyze the MMP (MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13) and TIMP (TIMP-1 and TIMP-3) expression in the oral cancer patients as compared to healthy controls. We also aim to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MMPs and TIMPs on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with respect to the immunohistochemistry (IHC). A total of 15 oral cancer patients and 14 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Blood sample from oral cancer patients and healthy controls was obtained to analyze the MMP and TIMP expression levels in serum sample using ELISA. Tumor tissue sample from patients for IHC analysis was obtained by biopsy under local anesthesia. Data were compared between ELISA and IHC for sensitivity and specificity analysis. The mean age of the patients was 47.07 ± 15.74 years with the highest incidence of disease found in male gender (86.7%). MMPs and TIMPs exhibited higher expression in oral cancer patients as compared to healthy controls and the difference was statistically significant in case of MMP-13. MMPs and TIMPs showed stronger expression at advanced stages of cancer on IHC with MMP-9 exhibiting the highest expression level. The highest sensitivity and specificity on ELISA with respect to IHC were exhibited by the MMP-3 followed by MMP-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-3, and MMP-1. MMP-3 and MMP-13 were found to be reliable in terms of diagnostic marker for oral cancer as they found to have the highest sensitivity and specificity on ELISA with respect to IHC. MMP-9 was found to be reliable as a prognostic marker as it expresses highest on IHC at advanced stages of oral cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 2","pages":"601-610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}