Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology最新文献

{"title":"A Holistic Approach to Implementing Artificial Intelligence in Lung Cancer.","authors":"Seyed Masoud HaghighiKian, Ahmad Shirinzadeh-Dastgiri, Mohammad Vakili-Ojarood, Amirhosein Naseri, Maedeh Barahman, Ali Saberi, Amirhossein Rahmani, Amirmasoud Shiri, Ali Masoudi, Maryam Aghasipour, Amirhossein Shahbazi, Yaser Ghelmani, Kazem Aghili, Hossein Neamatzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02079-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02079-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in lung cancer, particularly in surgical approaches, has significantly transformed the healthcare landscape. AI has demonstrated remarkable advancements in early lung cancer detection, precise medical image analysis, and personalized treatment planning, all of which are crucial for surgical interventions. By analyzing extensive datasets, AI algorithms can identify patterns and anomalies in lung scans, facilitating timely diagnoses and enhancing surgical outcomes. Furthermore, AI can detect subtle indicators that may be overlooked by human practitioners, leading to quicker intervention and more effective treatment strategies. The technology can also predict patient responses to surgical treatments, enabling tailored care plans that improve recovery rates. In addition to surgical applications, AI streamlines administrative tasks such as record management and appointment scheduling, allowing healthcare providers to concentrate on delivering high-quality care. The integration of AI with genomics and precision medicine holds the potential to further refine surgical approaches in lung cancer treatment by developing targeted strategies that enhance effectiveness and minimize side effects. Despite challenges related to data privacy and regulatory concerns, the ongoing advancements in AI, coupled with collaboration between healthcare professionals and AI experts, suggest a promising future for lung cancer care. This article explores how AI addresses the challenges of lung cancer treatment, focusing on current advancements, obstacles, and the future potential of surgical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"257-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Outcomes in Clinical Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Tumors up to Two Centimeters in Diameter in Segmentectomy vs. Lobectomy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Hussain Sohail Rangwala, Hareer Fatima, Muhammad Saqlain Mustafa, Muhammad Ashir Shafique, Syed Irtiza Imam, Syed Raza Abbas, Qurat Ul Ain Qazi, Muhammad Osama Iqbal","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02080-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02080-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer, which accounted for 1.8 million fatalities in 2020, necessitates the investigation of optimal surgical approaches for early-stage cases. Although lobectomy has long been associated with successful results, the growing interest in segmentectomy as an alternative procedure warrants further examination. The primary objective of this study was to compare segmentectomy with lobectomy as a viable treatment option for early-stage lung cancer. Our systematic review of NSCLC studies comparing lobectomy to segmentectomy followed the PRISMA guidelines and used a random-effects model. We extracted the patient characteristics, outcomes (overall survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence), and postoperative complications. Statistical analyses included hazard ratios, risk ratios, sensitivity assessments, and bias evaluations, all of which were performed using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity among studies. Twelve studies involving 6049 patients revealed that segmentectomy and lobectomy demonstrated comparable overall survival (OS), with an HR of 0.99 (95% CI 0.81-1.21, <i>p</i> = 0.90). At 24 and 60 months, OS rates were RR = 0.95 (95% CI 0.92-0.97, <i>p</i> = 0.0001) and RR = 0.81 (95% CI 0.67-0.98, <i>p</i> = 0.03), respectively. Similarly, disease-free survival (DFS) results were comparable (HR = 1.01; 95% CI 0.86-1.19, <i>p</i> = 0.87). DFS at 24 and 60 months demonstrated RR = 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-1.0, <i>p</i> = 0.05) and RR = 0.82 (95% CI 0.70-0.97, <i>p</i> = 0.02), respectively. The risk of lung cancer recurrence was similar between the two groups (RR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.75-1.30, <i>p</i> = 0.26). Our study revealed that segmentectomy and lobectomy had identical oncological outcomes in terms of OS and DFS. Although segmentectomy showed a slightly higher complication rate, further research is needed to draw definitive conclusions, emphasizing the importance of additional randomized trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"279-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Linear Verrucous Epidermal Nevus (ILVEN): A Scarce Cognate with a Neoplasia.","authors":"Jayavarmaa R, Gaurav Das","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02051-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02051-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) is a rare type of cutaneous nevus that has female predilection which occurs at birth or infancy and evolves along Blaschko's lines, perceived unilaterally, over the buttocks, legs, and arms. In this case report, ILVEN was associated with multiple ulcero-proliferative skin lesions over the dorsum of the left foot, which on biopsy were proven to be malignant adnexal tumors. A 51-year-old female presented with linear, scaly, and verrucous skin lesions on her left buttock, thigh, and leg unilaterally along Blaschko's lines after birth. Post-operative biopsy taken from the dorsum of the foot reveals trichoepithelioma. Biopsy taken from the back of the thigh and leg reveals inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus. Single-stage surgical resection of both lesions, performed with primary closure of all the areas, except the gluteal region which is closed by V-Y advancement flap. The outcome was satisfactory for the patient after surgical resection and reconstruction. No recurrence was detected during the follow-up visits. ILVEN is an uncommon type of hyperplastic cutaneous disease. ILVEN perchance associated with malignancy. Henceforth, it has to be considered during the evaluation of similar lesions for optimal treatment intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"117-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upfront Definitive Oncoplastic Breast Conservation Surgery in Biopsy Missed Cancers: Our Experience.","authors":"Naveen Kumar Kushwaha, Prashant Gupta, Anushree Vartak, Niharika Mishra","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02060-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02060-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>False negative rates of image-guided core needle biopsy of breast lesions, range from 0.1 to 2.5%, with most cases coming to light because of radio-pathological discordance. We are forced to consider upfront surgery for such lesions with unknown biology, which precludes us from utilizing preoperative systemic therapies and shared decision-making, to our advantage. We present a series of core biopsy missed breast neoplasms with radio-pathological discordance successfully managed with definitive upfront oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OBCS) without diagnostic delay, re-excisions, or compromising on oncological and cosmetic outcomes. This study retrospectively analyzed data from eight female patients assessed for breast-related concerns at our malignant disease treatment center between April 2021 and December 2023. These patients exhibited radio-pathological discordance during the triple assessment of BIRADS-4 breast lesions with two successive image-guided core needle biopsies (CNB) reported negative for DCIS/ invasive cancer. As patients had lump size < 5 cm and clinico-radiologically negative axilla (cN0), the pre-operative systemic staging was not warranted. These cases were discussed in a multi-disciplinary tumor board. Post-MDT consensus, they underwent upfront definitive oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery with intra-operative frozen section analysis (FSA) to confirm the diagnosis and assess margins as well as the need for surgical axillary staging. Subsequent management followed a final histopathological examination, receptor subtype, and guideline-based staging. The mean age of the patients was 54.25 years, all presenting with palpable breast lumps. Primary tumors were mostly located in the upper outer and upper inner quadrants (3 cases each, 37.5%). Intraoperative frozen section analysis revealed invasive breast carcinoma in 5 cases (62.5%), papillary lesions with atypia in 2 (25%), and ductal carcinoma in situ in 1 (12.5%). Subsequent excision showed 4 (50%) invasive ductal carcinomas, 1 (12.5%) invasive lobular carcinoma, and 3 (37.5%) ductal carcinomas in situ. Level I oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OBCS) was performed in 5 cases, while level II OBCS was done in 3 cases. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed in 5 cases with invasive carcinoma on frozen section. Median follow-up was 10.5 months (range: 3-24 months). Definitive upfront OBCS can be used as a one-stop surgical solution in select patients with missed cancers on biopsy. It can avoid diagnostic delays and reduce re-excision rates without having to compromise on oncological and cosmetic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"150-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Endometrium: a Case Series with Clinico-Pathological Analysis and Review of Literature.","authors":"Sumanta Das, Sunita Ahlawat, Priti Jain, Arun Kumar Panda, Jayati Sarangi, Rama Joshi, Ramana Gogi, Ashutosh Jain","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02047-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02047-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroendocrine carcinomas are rare aggressive tumors that are either mixed with endometrial carcinomas or pure neuroendocrine carcinoma. They show at least one or two neuroendocrine markers by immunohistochemistry. Here, we describe a case series of six cases that arise from endometrium. The mean age of presentation was 57 years with the most common type being mixed endometrioid and neuroendocrine carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry showed all cases positive for Pan-cytokeratin and INSM-1 while the majority were positive for synaptophysin and chromogranin. At least two neuroendocrine markers were positive in all cases in > 20% of tumor cells. The majority of the cases presented at FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) Stage III & IV. Three patients had a recurrence, one patient had bone metastasis, one patient died, and one patient was free of disease. Four patients with Stage IV disease were not alive for more than 18 months. A multidisciplinary approach is required for these aggressive tumors for better management of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"211-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Experience of Clinical Outcomes of Microscopic Margin Positivity After Radical Gastrectomy from a Tertiary Cancer Center in Northeast India.","authors":"Akash Guha, Ashutosh Sahewalla, Dilip Killing, Manthan Thakkar, Gaurav Das, Deep Jyoti Kalita, Abhijit Talukdar","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02081-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02081-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgical resection for gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) remains the only potentially curative treatment, and the use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy improves survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Margin-positive resection is a known poor prognostic factor. A retrospective observational study of patients undergoing radical gastrectomy of any type for GAC was done at a tertiary care cancer center in Northeast India. The study included patients who were operated on from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021 (5 years), and they were followed up to 31 March 2024. A total of 172 patients underwent gastrectomy of any type for GAC during the study period of which 13 patients were found to have microscopic positive (R1) histopathological margin (7.6%). The median age of the patients with positive margins was 48 years (range 27 to 69 years). The male-to-female ratio was 9:4. Ten patients (77%) had poorly differentiated or signet-ring cell carcinoma. The distal margin was the most frequent margin which was positive (84.6%). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was used in only 23.1% patients. At the end of our study period, only 1 patient out of 13 patients was alive. Median disease-free survival (DFS) was 16.2 months (95% confidence interval 1.2 to 31.1 months). Median overall survival (OS) was 20.2 months (95% confidence interval 9.3 to 31.2 months). Patients who have microscopic positive margins after gastrectomy are found to have a high incidence of poorly differentiated or signet-ring cell carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"290-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"15-Year Survival Outcome of Primary Breast Conservation Therapy in Young Women with Breast Cancer.","authors":"Rexeena V Bhargavan, Vipul Goyal, Paul Augustine, Kurian Cherian, Jagathnath K M Krishna","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02052-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02052-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer in young women (BCY) is associated with unfavourable tumour biology, worse pathological features, and poorer prognosis. There is limited data on the long-term survival outcomes in BCY patients who undergo breast conservation surgery (BCS). This study aims to determine the long-term survival outcome of BCY treated with BCS at our centre. Data was collected of BCY patients who underwent primary BCS at our centre from the 1st of January 2005 to the 31st of December 2008. Oncological event was defined as local, regional, or systemic recurrence, contralateral breast cancer and death. The primary and secondary objectives were to analyse the 15-year overall survival and the 15-year disease-free survival and local recurrence-free survival of BCY who underwent primary BCS respectively. The study enrolled 132 women with a median age of 35 years. No oncological event occurred in 71.2% of patients. Distant metastasis occurred in 14.4%, and one patient developed local recurrence and distant metastasis. Isolated local recurrence occurred in 10.6% of the patients. The contralateral primary was detected in 3.8% of the patients. The 5-, 10-, and 15-year overall survival were 79.5%, 71%, and 70.2%, respectively. The 5-, 10-, and 15-year disease-free survival were 78%, 66.7%, and 65.9%, respectively. The 5-, 10-, and 15-year local recurrence-free survival were 94.9%, 91.1%, and 85.7%, respectively. BCS in young women with breast cancer is oncologically safe with good long-term overall survival and disease-free survival outcomes and can be offered to young breast cancer patients suitable for BCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"143-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Lactation Predispose to Severe Hypocalcemia Post Total Thyroidectomy? A Case Series.","authors":"Remya Rajan, Jino Johns Lalitha, Natarajan Ramalingam, Jeyashanth Riju","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02076-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02076-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactation as a risk factor for post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is not well recognised. In this series, we describe three lactating women with severe hypocalcemia, post thyroidectomy, who required intravenous calcium infusion in addition to oral calcium and calcitriol. The occurrence of severe post-op hypocalcemia in lactating women in our cohort suggests that lactation may be an unrecognised risk factor for severe post-operative hypocalcemia following thyroidectomy. Lactating mothers who undergo thyroidectomy may need aggressive treatment for hypoparathyroidism if it occurs. Also, screening and correction for pre-existing risk factors like hypomagnesemia and vitamin D deficiency may be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"241-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and Linguistic Validation of BIS (Body Image Scale) for Breast Cancer Patients in India.","authors":"Preeti Belani, Tabassum Wadasadawala, Rajiv Sarin, Rima Pathak, Revathy Krishnamurthy, Naseera Syeda, Sonal Chavan","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02037-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02037-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A number of PROMs (patient-reported outcome measures) have been developed and validated for English-speaking populations but with limited utility in non-English-speaking countries. Body image scale (BIS) is a type of PROM which assesses the changes in the body image of a patient diagnosed with cancer. The current study was carried out to translate the BIS in Hindi and Marathi. Out of the 10 questions in the BIS questionnaire, Hindi and Marathi translations were already available for 4 questions (Questions no. 2, 4, 5, and 9) from the EORTC BR23 questionnaire. Remaining questions were translated using the EORTC translation manual, which includes forward translation, reconciliation, backward translation, proofreading, and pilot testing. Pilot testing done on 10 patients each for Hindi and Marathi showed at least 80% acceptability for all the questions for both Hindi and Marathi translations. Both the translated versions will be used for validation in a large cohort of breast cancer patients. The Hindi and Marathi versions of the BIS have very good acceptability and can be utilized for clinical trials once validated in cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13193-024-02037-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"203-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncological Outcomes in Patients with Delayed Cytoreductive Surgery During COVID Times.","authors":"Debabrata Barmon, Eshwarya Jessy Kaur, Upasana Baruah, Dimpy Begum, Partha Sarthi Roy, Duncan Khanikar, Mouchumee Bhattacharyya, Shiraj Ahmed, Mahendra Kumar, Sharda Patra, Ratnadeep Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s13193-024-02083-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13193-024-02083-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ESMO ESGO guidelines recommend standard 3-4 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for advanced epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC); however, the ideal number of cycles is still debatable. Literature regarding survival after 5 or more cycles is conflicting. COVID pandemic saw several oncosurgeries postponed due to healthcare crises. The present study was undertaken to evaluate oncological outcomes in patients undergoing delayed cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. This was a hospital-based, retrospective, observational study done at tertiary cancer institute. Objectives were to evaluate progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) according to timing of surgery and to identify prognostic factors for OS and PFS. The study group included patients undergoing delayed CRS (defined as CRS done after more than 5 cycles of NACT), and the control group is comprised of CRS done after 3-4 cycles NACT. A total of 29 patients underwent delayed CRS. Of these, 58% (<i>n</i> = 17) patients had COVID-related causes for delay in surgery. On comparing with the control group (<i>n</i> = 98), the study group had lower rates of complete cytoreduction (50% vs 71%, <i>p</i> = 0.012). Similarly complete chemotherapy response score was observed in lower proportion of delayed CRS (24.13% vs 28.15%, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Mean CA 125 levels were 89.32 and 148.45 in cases and controls respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.090). PFS of the patients with delayed CRS (7 months) versus the interval CRS group (16 months) showed a statistically significant difference between the two group (<i>p</i> = 0.0001). Also, the OS for the control group was longer (55 months) than cases (34 months) (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001). Administration of additional cycles of chemotherapy beyond 3-4 cycles seemed to decrease survival in Ovarian Cancer patients. This approach however, may be beneficial in increasing the survival of patients who are deemed inoperable after 3-4 cycles of chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46707,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"251-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}