Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Identification of Subtypes and Diagnostic Markers Related to Necroptosis in Sepsis.","authors":"Sen Peng, Ning Meng, Xia Xie, Bing Zhu, Bing Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05201-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05201-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis is a serious systemic infection with a high mortality rate. More and more evidence suggested that necroptosis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of sepsis. This study aimed to elucidate the biological function and clinical significance of necroptosis in sepsis, and identify new potential biomarkers to improve the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis. Firstly, we identified 40 differentially expressed necroptosis related genes (DENRGs). Subsequently, a protein interaction (PPI) network of 40 DENRGs was constructed. Based on the key NRGs in the PPI network, the LASSO algorithm was used to screen eight diagnostic-related NRGs in sepsis, and a diagnostic model and risk score were constructed. The ROC analysis results indicated that the eight NRGs diagnostic model has good diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.955). There is a significant difference in risks core between normal samples and sepsis patients. The results of immune infiltration analysis showed that eight diagnostic-related NRGs were significantly correlated with multiple immune cells. Given the clinical significance of necroptosis in sepsis, we identified two molecular subtypes of sepsis based on eight NRGs. The necroptosis score of subtype 1 is significantly lower than that of subtype 2, while the immune score of subtype 1 is significantly higher than that of subtype 2. In summary, we developed and validated a diagnostic model and risk score based on eight NRGs, and identified two completely different subtypes associated with sepsis. Our research may provide new insights into the mechanisms of necroptosis in sepsis and the identification of potential biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermentation-Mediated Enhancement of Safety, Thermal Stability, Bioaccessibility, and Health-Promoting Potential of Watermelon Peel Polyphenol Extract.","authors":"Lam Vi Chau, Huyen Ngoc Nguyen, Thang Minh Le, Quynh Lan Ngo, Thuy Nguyen Huong Tran, Ngoc Thanh Vu","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05185-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05185-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit wastes contain significant levels of polyphenols with various health-related effects. However, polyphenols have several limitations that hinder their industrial applications. In this study, solid-state fermentation was used as a pre-extraction treatment to not only increase the extraction efficiency of polyphenols from watermelon peel (WP), but also to overcome their drawbacks and improve other properties. Specifically, optimal conditions in the integrated process, fermentation and extraction, were determined by response surface methodology for the highest polyphenol recovery from WP. The post-process extract showed a dramatic improvement in polyphenol content with an increase in various phenolic compounds determined by UHPLC-MS/MS and a significant decrease in cytotoxicity. In addition, two limitations of polyphenols, low stability and bioaccessibility, were significantly improved. Various health potentials of WP were also enhanced: antioxidant (radical scavenging and ferric reduction), anti-inflammatory (inhibition of heat-induced hemolysis, protein denaturation and protease), selectively antibacterial (anti-growth, anti-survival and anti-biofilm for pathogenic bacteria), prebiotic (promotion of probiotic growth and biofilm formation), anti-diabetic (α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition), and anti-melanogenic (tyrosinase inhibition). The mechanisms of enzyme inhibition for anti-diabetic and anti-melanogenic capacity were further elucidated by enzyme kinetic studies. Overall, the study suggests an efficient process to convert WP into high-value products with prospects in the circular economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tanshinone IIA Suppresses the Proliferation of MGC803 Cells by Disrupting Glycolysis Under Anaerobic Conditions.","authors":"Zhe Liu, Yi Wang, Xia Gao, Jingwen Ma, Chan Hui, Chao Wang, Yanfei Liu, Yao Huang, Yuting Wen","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05205-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05205-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate how Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) affects gastric cancer cell (MGC803) proliferation under anaerobic conditions, which are linked to drug resistance and tumor growth. The proliferation of MGC803 cells under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions in response to Tan IIA was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, proteomics analysis was performed following treatment with 50 µmol/L Tan IIA, focusing on alterations in Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Additionally, in vitro evaluations such as glucose uptake, lactate production, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis were employed to validate the alterations in glycolytic activity observed in anaerobic cells treated with Tan IIA. Under anaerobic conditions, Tan IIA enhanced the inhibitory effect on the proliferation of MGC803 cells. Proteomics data revealed that a total of 6629 proteins were identified and quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with 2604 proteins exhibiting significant changes (fold change > 2 or < 0.5, P < 0.05). KEGG analysis highlighted the perturbation of glycolytic pathway by Tan IIA under anaerobic conditions, accompanied by reduced glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP synthesis. Additionally, a downregulation of glycolytic enzyme expression was observed at both the mRNA and protein levels, including glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), phosphofructokinase 2 (PFKP), and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). Tan IIA inhibits the proliferation of MGC803 cells by disrupting the glycolysis under anaerobic conditions, offering a potential treatment for anaerobiosis-resistant solid tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Evaluation and Optimization of the Different Process Parameters of Mild Acid Pretreatment of Waste Lignocellulosic Biomass for Enhanced Energy Procreation","authors":"Uma Kumari,&nbsp;Pratibha Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05206-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12010-025-05206-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"197 3","pages":"2094 - 2094"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-dengue Viral Protein NS5 and Antibacterial Efficacy of Andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata: An In Silico Approach.","authors":"Kandasamy Selvam, Chinnappan Sudhakar, Arunagiri Ragu Prasath, Duraisamy Senbagam, Mohammed S Almuhayawi, Mohammed H Alruhaili, Mohammed K Nagshabandi, Samy Selim","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05191-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05191-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study examines the anti-dengue and antibacterial potential and in silico drug development of the andrographolide against the pathogens Staphylococcus aureus (1JIJ) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6MVN) and the dengue viral protein NS5. The phytochemical analysis identified the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, glycosides, and steroids in the Andrographis paniculata methanolic leaf extract. Based on the GC-MS analysis, andrographolide was identified as the primary chemical constituent of the medicinal plant A. paniculata and the compound with the largest peak area among other compounds. The agar well diffusion method was employed to observe the antibacterial potential of the methanolic leaf extract against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The maximal inhibition zones were 15.6 ± 0.34 mm and 11.7 ± 0.42 mm, respectively. Additionally, andrographolide was docked with the NS5 viral protein and bacterial proteins, including S. aureus TyrRS (PDB: 1JIJ) and P. aeruginosa LasR PDB (ID: 6MVN), resulting in a docking score of - 20.7384 kJ/mol, - 15.0969 kJ/mol, and - 11.1171 kJ/mol, respectively. In summary, our molecular docking experiments with the identified andrographolide compound demonstrated its potential as a drug with anti-dengue viral and antibacterial properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic Insights into the Promotional Effect of Mulberry Leaf Flavonoids on Monascus Fermentation for the Production of Pigments.","authors":"Chun Liu, Xinyue Huang, Yanhao Huang, Biao Wang, Junqiang Jia, Qiongying Wu","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05183-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05183-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, adding mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLFs) during the liquid-state fermentation of Monascus purpureus significantly improved the production of Monascus pigments (MPs). Compared with the control group, the red, yellow, and orange pigment levels increased by 1.69, 1.4, and 1.29 times, respectively. Metabolomic analysis suggested adding rutin, the primary component of MLFs, induced changes in 32 significantly different metabolites. These changes included a significant increase in (S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2-carboxylate, D-4'-phosphopantothenate, cis-4-hydroxy-D-proline, and L-isoleucine. Enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics (KEGG) metabolic pathways revealed valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis, and phenylalanine metabolism improvements. These improvements help to activate the pigment synthesis pathway and promote pigment synthesis. These findings offer crucial insights into the impact of MLFs on Monascus purpureus metabolic pathways and suggest potential methods for increasing MP production.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical-Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver, Copper, and Ag-Cu Bimetallic Nanoparticles Using Peganum harmala Demonstrating Advanced Catalytic, Antioxidant, and Biomedical Applications.","authors":"Amjid Khan, Muhammad Anas, Fouzia Bibi, Muhammad Ali, Ali Talha Khalil, Khurram Shahzad Munawar, Hamza Elsayed Ahmed Mohamed, Khaoula Hkiri, Malik Maaza, Zabta Khan Shinwari","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05186-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05186-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the green synthesis of silver (Ag-NPs), copper (Cu-NPs), and silver-copper bimetallic nanoparticles (Ag-Cu Bimetallic NPs) using the leaf extract of Peganum harmala, a sustainable and renewable plant source. This eco-friendly synthesis method avoids hazardous chemicals and minimizes waste, advancing the principles of green nanotechnology. Characterization demonstrated distinct properties; Ag-NPs, Cu-NPs, and Ag-Cu bimetallic NPs exhibited surface plasmon resonance peaks at 425 nm, 555 nm, and 525 nm, respectively, and crystallite sizes of 21.42 nm, 21.40 nm, and 26.29 nm as confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Morphological analysis revealed spherical Ag-NPs, flake-like Cu-NPs, and a mix of cubic and spherical Ag-Cu NPs. Catalytic activity tests showed Ag-Cu bimetallic NPs achieved 95% degradation of methylene blue dye, highlighting their potential in environmental remediation. Antibacterial assays demonstrated that Ag-NPs exhibited the highest inhibition zones against Bacillus subtilis (27.0 mm) and Escherichia coli (27.67 mm), while Cu-NPs were effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae at higher concentrations. Ag-NPs also exhibited significant antifungal activity, particularly against Aspergillus niger (15.00 mm). Antioxidant assays revealed Ag-Cu bimetallic NPs displayed the highest free radical scavenging capacity (59.18%), followed by Ag-NPs (35.41%). Cytotoxicity tests indicated Ag-Cu bimetallic NPs had an IC₅₀ value of 6.13 µg/mL, reflecting high cytotoxicity, whereas Ag-NPs demonstrated better biocompatibility. Hemolysis assays showed P. harmala extract had the highest hemolytic activity (IC₅₀ = 4.49 µg/mL). This study provides a scalable, sustainable method for synthesizing multifunctional nanoparticles with promising applications in environmental remediation, antimicrobial resistance management, and biomedicine. Future studies should focus on scaling up this sustainable synthesis method, investigating the biological interactions of these nanoparticles, and optimizing their dosages to reduce potential environmental and health risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-physiological, Biochemical, and Transcript Analysis Revealed Differential Behavior of Chickpea Genotypes Towards Salinity.","authors":"Gurpreet Kaur, Satish Kumar Sanwal, Nirmala Sehrawat, Ashwani Kumar, Anil Kumar Sharma, Anita Mann","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05192-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05192-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Till now, limited information was available on salt tolerance chickpea genotypes. Therefore, in comparison to CSG 8962 (check for salinity tolerance), an experiment on nine chickpea genotypes with different background (BG 1103, DCP 92-3, S7, ICCV 10, BG 256, KWR 108, JG 16, K 850, and ICC 4463) was conducted under medium salt stress of EC_iw ~ 6 dS m^-1 and high salt stress of 9 dS m^-1 to evaluate their salt tolerance potential. Different morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular traits were studied to characterize these genotypes. It was also noted that growth of all the genotypes was affected by salinity, but more reduction was shown by the genotypes BG 256, DCP 92-3, and ICC 4463. Irrigation water loaded with salts disrupted the water relations as displayed by the reducing values of RWC, water potential, and osmotic potential. Chlorophyll content, when compared with control, reduced in the range of 7.06 to 28.93% at moderate salinity level (EC_iw ~ 6 dS m^-1) and 23.71 to 55.83% at higher salinity level (EC_iw ~ 9 dS m^-1). S7, ICCV 10, KWR 108, and CSG 8962 (salt-tolerant check) maintained optimum gas exchange traits, i.e., photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate with increasing salinity and osmoregulatory compounds, imino acid proline, and total soluble sugars were also higher in these genotypes. Na⁺/K⁺ ratio at control was 0.084 and it enhanced with increasing salinity and noted mean genotypic values of 0.399 and 0.758 at moderate and higher salinity levels, respectively. Antioxidative defense mechanism was quite active in the genotypes (S7, ICCV 10, KWR 108, and check CSG 8962) because higher values of antioxidative enzymes and low increment in the content of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde were noted in these genotypes. Based on the results, genotypes with salinity contrasting response (KWR 108 as tolerant and ICC 4463 as sensitive) were selected, and gene expression studies were conducted along with CSG 8962 (the check). It was found that KWR 108 showed higher expression of Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase (P5CR), Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter (NHX1), and sodium transporter HKT1 and downregulation of proline dehydrogenase gene than the genotype CSG 8962 (salt-tolerant check). So, it was concluded that genotypes, i.e., S7, KWR 108, and ICCV 10, maintained higher physiological and biochemical efficiency in terms of lower ψ_w, ψ_s, and membrane stability, higher RWC, photosynthetic rate, and osmolyte accumulation as well as antioxidative enzyme activities in comparison to the salt-tolerant check used in the study. Further, these results were validated through gene expression studies which revealed similar results that categorized these genotypes to be salt tolerant.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the Antibiotic Resistance: Molecular Insights and Combating Therapies.","authors":"Preethieswari Palanikumar, Bharathi Nathan, Karthikeyan Muthusamy, Suganthy M, Senthil Natesan, Vellaikumar Sampathrajan","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05182-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05182-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotics, the full-stop of invasive bacteria, have been used in clinical setups from unthreatening fever to massive challenging therapies. Constant dependency on medication upsurges the evasion of microbes from antibiotics contemporarily along with ecological footprint. Thus, the infested pathogen became resilient to antibiotics, disguised as multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR), pandrug-resistant bacteria (PDR), and extensively drug-resistant bacteria (XDR). The etymology of genetic modifications and horizontal gene transfer played an external influence on the arising resurgence. Also, intrinsic parameters, such as antibiotic efflux pumps and the formation of biofilms, encouraged intense resistance to antibiotic drugs. This aggravated resistance in microbes builds up resistome in the environment due to selective pressure; thereby drastic devastation of people suffering from disastrous diseases is mournful. Since novelite approaches for broad-spectrum antibiotics against drug resistance microbes are grueling challenges in these crucial times. This scientific study has come up with neoteric methodologies to elude immediate consequences and health hazards. Inculcating ancestral treatment towards pharmacognosy as adjuvants to the prevailing hi-fi nanotechnology, phage and algal therapy, genome mining, and bioinformatics databases are the optimizing inventions for actual and prospective living.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Community Associated with Food Waste Composting.","authors":"Jayanta Andraskar, Debishree Khan, Shailendra Yadav, Atya Kapley","doi":"10.1007/s12010-025-05203-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-025-05203-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food waste is an increasing cause of concern in India. Its management through composting plays a vital role in managing the biodegradable fraction of municipal solid waste. However, the existing composting process has many challenges, such as the lack of optimum microenvironment and microbiome knowledge, which limits efficient outcomes. Therefore, the present study aims to bridge the gap by applying metagenomics to study microbial community dynamicity during different stages of composting. The bacterial community analysis showed that genus Marionobacter (9.4%) and Halomonas (7.4%) were prevalent during the mesophilic stage, whereas the Bacillus (12.2%) and Cellulomonas (0.1%) were prevalent during the thermophilic and maturation stage of composting. The functional profiling of metagenome indicated the abundance of genes involved in degradation of polymeric compounds such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. The relative abundance of arginine and proline metabolisms increased during the thermophilic stage. Whereas the relative abundance of genes involved in fatty acid, tryptophan, galactose, and propanoate metabolisms declined. Similarly, the CAZyme tool predicted that the genes encoding for glycoside hydrolase (GH) families were higher during the mesophilic and thermophilic stages of composting. These enzymes play an important role in degradation of complex polysaccharides such as cellulose and hemicellulose. The data obtained from the present study could be utilized for the optimization and improving the composting process.</p>","PeriodicalId":465,"journal":{"name":"Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}