CoDAS最新文献

{"title":"Factors associated with oropharyngeal dysphagia in individuals with cardiovascular disease and COVID-19.","authors":"Tatiana Magalhães de Almeida, Raquel Gama Fernandes, Vitor Della Rovere Binhardi, João Italo Dias França, Daniel Magnoni, Roberta Gonçalves da Silva","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242022112en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242022112en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is one of the possible outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and also in the population hospitalized for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Thus, knowing the predictive risk factors for OD may help with referral and early intervention. This study aimed to verify the association of different factors with OD in hospitalized individuals with cardiovascular disease and COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional clinical study approved by the Research Ethics Committee (4,521,771). Clinical evaluation of swallowing was carried out in 72 adult patients with cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 hospitalized from April to September 2020. Individuals under 18 years of age and without previous cardiovascular disease were excluded. The presence of general clinical and/or neurological complications, pronation, stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), orotracheal intubation (OTI), tracheostomy tube, oxygen support and age were considered as predictive risk factors for oropharyngeal dysphagia. Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney test and logistic regression model were used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>General clinical complications (p=0.001), pronation (p=0.003), ICU stay (p=0.043), in addition to the need for oxygen supplementation (p=0.023) and age (p= 0 .037) were statistically significant factors associated. The pronation (0.013) and age (0.038) were independently associated with dysphagia. OTI (p=0.208), tracheostomy (p=0.707) and the presence of previous cerebrovascular accidents (p=0.493) were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, age and prone position were factors independently associated with oropharyngeal dysphagia, complications such as the need for oxygen supplementation, in addition to the need for ICU admission, were also associated factors in the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 5","pages":"e20220112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between oral status, swallowing function, and nutritional risk in older people with and without Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Ramon Cipriano Pacheco de Araújo, Cynthia Meira de Almeida Godoy, Lidiane Maria de Brito Macedo Ferreira, Juliana Fernandes Godoy, Hipólito Magalhães","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023311pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023311pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare oral status, swallowing function (through instrumental and SLH assessment), and nutritional risk between dysphagic individuals with and without Parkinson's disease.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This is a cross-sectional retrospective study based on data collected from medical records. It included 54 dysphagic older adults, divided into two groups according to the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. The study collected data on the speech-language-hearing assessment of postural control, tongue mobility and strength, maximum phonation time (MPT), and cough efficiency. Oral status was assessed using the number of teeth and the Eichner Index. The level of oral intake and pharyngeal signs of dysphagia were analyzed with four food consistencies, according to the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative classification, using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, for comparison between groups. The severity of pharyngeal residues was analyzed and classified with the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale, and the nutritional risk was screened with the Malnutrition Screening Tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The group of older adults with Parkinson's disease was significantly different from the other group in that they had fewer teeth, unstable postural control, reduced tongue strength, reduced MPT, weak spontaneous coughing, pharyngeal signs, less oral intake, and nutritional risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dysphagic older people with Parkinson's disease had different oral status, swallowing function, and nutritional risk from those without the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 5","pages":"e20230311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal perception of factors that interfere with breastfeeding of preterm newborns.","authors":"Bárbara Helem da Fonseca Patrocínio Werneck, Juliana Cordeiro de Oliveira, Cláudia Gonçalves de Oliveira, Andréa Rodrigues Motta, Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche, Renata Maria Moreira Moraes Furlan","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023252pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023252pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>to verify the association between the perception of mothers of premature infants regarding the features that may interfere with breastfeeding and the mother's socioeconomic data, pregnancy and the baby's clinical data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>observational, descriptive and analytical quali-quantitative cross-sectional study. One hundred and fourteen mothers of premature infants were included and data were collected through questionnaires, applied at hospital discharge, and analysis of medical records. Maternal responses about the interference observed in the breastfeeding process were categorized by content analysis and associated with socioeconomic, pregnancy and baby data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the mothers' perceptions regarding the factors that interfere with the baby's feeding at the mother's breast were divided into four semantic categories: clinical and/or physical conditions of the baby; clinical, physical and/or psycho-emotional conditions of the mother; support network; and strategies for initiating and/or maintaining breastfeeding. Education, paternal presence, having other children and having breastfed them were associated with the maternal perception that their clinical, physical and/or psycho-emotional conditions interfere with breastfeeding. In addition, the support network was associated with exclusive breastfeeding at discharge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>education, paternal presence, multiparity and having breastfed previous children influenced the maternal perception that their clinical, physical and/or psycho-emotional conditions interfere with breastfeeding. In addition, mention of the support network was associated with exclusive breastfeeding at discharge.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 5","pages":"e20230252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative values to Horus® computerized posturography in children.","authors":"Ândrea de Melo Boaz, Rudimar Dos Santos Riesgo, Pricila Sleifer","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023241pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023241pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Propose normalization values of the Horus® computerized posturography platform, in children aged 4 to 6 years, without auditory and/or vestibular complaints.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study, 216 children aged 4 to 6 years participated. All the children underwent to visual screening, audiological evaluation and computerized posturography, which consists of research on stability limits and seven sensory conditions. The results were statistically analyzed using the tests non-parametric Kruskal-Walli, post hoc Dunn-Bonferroni for pairwise age comparisons and the Mann-Whitney U for sex analysis. Categorical data were presented in relative frequency and quantitative data in mean and standard deviation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Standardization values were described for the stability limit and for the seven sensory conditions. There was a difference for the stability limit between sex at 4 years old(p<0.007) and, in the comparison between ages 4 and 5 (p=0.005) and 4 and 6 years old(p<0.001). In the residual functional balance, comparison between ages, there was a difference between 4 and 5, 4 and 6, 5 and 6 years, however for different data. The presence of statistical difference for different evaluation data also occurred in the analysis by sex. In the sensory systems, the findings between ages showed differences for the vestibular system, right and left optokinetic visual dependence, tunnel visual dependence and for the composite balance index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was possible to establish normative values for the Horus® posturography in healthy children aged 4 to 6 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 5","pages":"e20230241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phonological remediation effects on a child with giftedness and developmental dyslexia.","authors":"Alba Miranda Beserra Gurgel Sena, Bárbara Louise Costa Messias, Roberta Louise Mariano Bezerra, Anna Irenne de Lima Azevedo, Hellen França Alcantara, Cíntia Alves Salgado Azoni","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023068pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023068pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Twice-exceptionality is characterized as the presence of high performance concomitantly with deficiencies or incompatible conditions. An example is when giftedness manifest associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. This study is a clinical case report referring to the evaluative and interventional process of a 9- year-old child with the paradoxical combination of giftedness associated with dyslexia. It aims to compare the performance in phonological processing, reading and writing before and after phonological remediation. In the first assessment, the child demonstrated alphabetic level in reading, a transition phase between syllabic-alphabetic and alphabetical writing levels, and below-expected performance in phonological processing skills. After intervention, the results showed consistent improvements in phonological processing, the consolidation of alphabetical writing and orthographic reading level. In general, children with isolated dyslexia have persistent difficulties in several skills after intervention. The evolution shown after phonological remediation, especially at reading level, shows different characteristics than expected. Thus, it can be concluded that twice-exceptionality may have favored the overcoming of some of the shown difficulties more successfully. Studies on these combined conditions can contribute to a better understanding of this framework during the development of learning and to formulate specialized interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 3","pages":"e20230068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors related to early weaning in babies born at term in a public maternity.","authors":"Sandra Raquel de Melo Gomes, Mirelly Sabrina Santos Silva, Andréa Rodrigues Motta, Estevam Barbosa de Las Casas, Renata Maria Moreira Moraes Furlan","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242024030pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242024030pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>to analyze how socioeconomic, pregnancy and childbirth factors relate to the feeding situation in the sixth month of life of full-term babies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>longitudinal observational study, with 98 mothers of full-term babies. Data collection was structured by capturing information regarding the clinical history and moment of birth in the babies' medical records, followed by the application of two questionnaires to the postpartum women, with questions regarding sociodemographic data, pre- and post-pregnancy data and the baby's nutrition. baby, the first being answered during hospital stay and the second, by telephone, in the 6th month of life. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, using the frequency distribution of categorical variables, inferential analysis using Pearson's Chi-square test and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression, adopting, for inclusion in the final model, the significance level of 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>there was an association between exclusive breastfeeding in the 6th month and maternal education and between the period of food introduction and family income. Mothers with higher education were 4.82 times more likely to breastfeed their children exclusively until the sixth month. Families with lower income (up to one minimum wage) were 2.54 times more likely to start food introduction before the sixth month than families with higher income.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>higher maternal education was a predictive factor for exclusive breastfeeding at the 6th month and higher military income was a predictive factor for introducing food after the 6th month.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 5","pages":"e20240030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with the anxiety score of deaf and hearing mothers.","authors":"Raquel Fabiane Nogueira, Saul Martins Paiva, Larissa Carcavalli, Ivana Meyer Prado, Mirian Castro-Braga, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Júnia Maria Serra-Negra","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023239pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023239pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To associate maternal anxiety with sociodemographic factors, breastfeeding practices, oral habits, and the child's entry into daycare among deaf and hearing (non-deaf) mothers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective comparative cross-sectional study included 116 mothers (29 deaf and 87 hearing) of children aged between two and five years. Deaf mothers belonged to a reference center in the city, while hearing mothers were contacted in public daycares where their children were enrolled. Mothers underwent interviews covering socio-economic factors and child development-related aspects. Additionally, they completed the Brazilian Beck Anxiety Inventory, adapted for both deaf and hearing individuals, serving as instruments to assess anxiety. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, Kruskal Wallis test, Mann-Whitney test, and Poisson Regression were employed for statistical analyses (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Deaf mothers exhibited anxiety scores one and a half times higher than hearing mothers. Moreover, mothers of children with thumb-sucking habits showed higher anxiety scores, while mothers whose children started attending daycare as infants demonstrated lower anxiety scores compared to mothers of children without such habits and who did not attend daycare.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deaf mothers displayed higher anxiety levels when compared to hearing mothers. Children's behaviors, such as thumb-sucking habits, and early enrollment in daycare during the first year of life influenced maternal anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 5","pages":"e20230239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hearing Health at School: analysis of knowledge, behaviors and attitudes of Southern-Brazilian children and adolescents on noise.","authors":"Lys Maria Allestein Gondim, Débora Lüders, Milena Kovalski Oliveira, Cristiano Miranda de Araújo, Adriana Bender Moreira de Lacerda","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023181en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023181en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>to analyze the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of students on noise.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used an observational method study, in 32 Schools from Itajaí/Brazil, with a convenience sample, comprising 1,835 students, 45.7% females and 54.3% males, mean age of 11.53 ± 0.8 years, was conducted. The Portuguese version of Dangerous Decibels® questionnaire was applied. For the data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used, significance level of 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A large part of the sample part of the sample had harmful hearing habits; 62.6% reported knowledge on the subject, but only 25.4% answered the questions on the theme correctly; 58.9% reported that they did not know how to protect hearing if necessary. Regarding sex and age: males have more hazardous hearing habits (p < 0.001) and tinnitus complaint (p<0.001) and females have more knowledge (p < 0.001) and the intent to wear hearing protection (p<0.001), greater intention to wear hearing protection among younger students (10 and 11 years old) (p < 0.001), and the older ones (12 to 16 years old) get more exposed to noise (p < 0.001), and there are more tinnitus complaints (p < 0.05) among them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A large part of the students in the study has hazardous noisy habits and scarce knowledge on the theme, with males and older subjects showing the worst attitudes and behaviors in face of the potential hearing risk caused by exposure to high noise levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 5","pages":"e20230181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-perception of voice and knowledge of vocal health and hygiene in Candomblé religious leaders in Brazil.","authors":"Kenya Ayo-Kianga da Silva Faustino, Felipe Moreti, Mara Behlau","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023087pt","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023087pt","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To verify possible complaints, voice and aerodigestive symptoms, singing voice handicap, and knowledge of vocal health and hygiene in Candomblé religious leaders in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study comprised 112 individuals who filled out a questionnaire with their identification and characterization, the stratified classification of their professional activities, and their self-perception of voice. Three self-assessment protocols - VoiSS, QSHV, and MSHI - were also used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The self-assessment of voice ranged from average to good. VoiSS mean total score was 23.04, which is above the cutoff. QSHV mean score was 23.54 points, which is near the cutoff. MSHI mean score (the perception of singing voice handicap) was 25.66 points. There was a substantially strong positive correlation between VoiSS and MSHI total scores (0.789; p<0.001). Women had higher limitation scores (p=0.012) and total scores (p=0.012) in VoiSS and higher handicap scores (p=0.038) in MSHI. Level I professionals - vocal elite (singers and actors) - had significantly higher QSHV scores than those in levels IV (p=0.010) and V (p=0.008). Most respondents had not visited an otorhinolaryngologist (89.29%) within the last year and had not been submitted to speech therapy (83.04%) for voice complaints.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Candomblé leaders, particularly women, perceived voice symptoms and singing voice handicaps, with no relationship with their knowledge of vocal health and hygiene. Despite the complaints, most subjects reported not having visited health professionals responsible for voice care within the last year.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 4","pages":"e20230087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laryngeal photobiomodulation: application sites, interferences from body mass index and skin phototype.","authors":"Elisa Meiti Ribeiro Lin Plec, Viviane Souza Bicalho Bacelete, Marco Aurélio Rocha Santos, Ana Cristina Côrtes Gama","doi":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023333en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/2317-1782/20242023333en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Establish points on the neck, correspondent to the laryngeal topography, where to apply Low Level Light therapy (LLLT), to evaluate the incidence of light through variables such as skin phototype and body mass index (BMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional, analytical, observational study, carried out with 15 vocally healthy women, between 18 and 50 years of age, who were divided into three groups, according to BMI and skin phototype. Six anatomical reference points were established to locate the larynx and its musculature, with visual monitoring by videonasolaryngoscopy, to assess light reach (present/absent) and degree of illumination (from very weak to very strong) in the larynx during the LASER application at doses of 3J, 6J and 9J. A flexible endoscope was used for visual monitoring during the LASER application, and subsequent image analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The light reached the larynx at doses of 3J, 6J and 9J, in the anterior commissure of the vocal folds, membranous (thyroarytenoid muscle) and cartilaginous portions of the vocal fold and the cricothyroid muscle. The degree of LASER light illumination decreased in overweight and obese participants and increased in moderate brown and dark brown skin phototypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data suggest that the LLLT penetrates differently according to skin phototype and BMI, being more evident in individuals with Fitzpatrick IV and V phototypes and less evident with higher BMI levels. The evidence that the LASER light reaches the larynx in specific anatomical points provides direction for the standardization of its use in voice practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":46547,"journal":{"name":"CoDAS","volume":"36 5","pages":"e20230333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}