International Journal of Psychological Research最新文献

{"title":"Voluntary Ethanol Intake and Anxiety Behavior in Wistar-Uis Rats.","authors":"Elizabeth T Mendoza, María Villada, Maria Carolina Velásquez-Martínez","doi":"10.21500/20112084.7060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.7060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ethanol consumption is among the first five substances with higher risk associated with diseases, disability, and death in the world. Anxiety behavior has been linked to ethanol-addictive conduct. The aim of the present study was to evaluate three strains with differential anxiety behavior: a Wild-type strain; a \"Reactive\" strain, with an increase in anxiety-related behaviors; and a \"Non-Reactive\" strain, with lower anxiety-related behaviors, before and after the voluntary consumption of ethanol (10%) protocol. To evaluate anxiety, animals were exposed to the elevated plus-maze 24 h before and after the consumption protocol. On the voluntary consumption of ethanol protocol, the animals were exposed to a water and an ethanol bottle. The weight of the liquid consumed daily for 40 days was registered. Results: all strains increased ethanol vs water consumption: Wild-type: day 8; R: day 10; NR: day 31. Ethanol consumption reduced the number and percentage of open arms entries only on the Wild-type strain. Conclusion: anxiety can predispose to an increase in ethanol consumption and to the maintenance of anxiety-related behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral Changes after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale","authors":"Natalia Camilotto, Paula Caamaño, Samanta Leiva","doi":"10.21500/20112084.6414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.6414","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To analyze the behavioral changes of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on their performance on the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe). Method. We performed a systematic review andmeta-analysis of original articles that used the FrSBe scale in patients with TBI from the time of publication of the instrument (year 1999) to February 2022, using PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO databases. Results. The searchyielded a total of 4318 records, of which 28 met the selection criteria. The studies reported that patientswithTBI showed impairments in some domainsassessed by the FrSBe: apathy and executive dysfunction. Conclusions. The results are consistent with behavioral impairments frequently reportedin TBI patients. Therefore, the FrSBe is presented as a useful and effective tool for the detection of behavioral changes in this population.","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Connectivity of Moral Cognition and Traits of Psychopathy in Youth: An Analysis of the Scientific Literature","authors":"Anyerson Stiths Gómez Tabares, D. Montoya-Arenas, David A. Pineda-Salazar","doi":"10.21500/20112084.7075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.7075","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to analyze the scientific literature and evidence on the mechanisms of functional connectivity involved in moral cognition processes in youth with psychopathy traits. Scientometric methods of citation networks based on graph theory were used. Bibliometrix, Sci2 Tool, and Gephi were used for the analysis. It was found that the dorsal and ventral regions of the prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, angular gyrus, anterior cingulate and temporal cortex evidence functional alterations in young people with psychopathic traits. It was also reported that graymatter concentration in the left posterior and right anterior cingulate are possible endophenotypes of psychopathic traits. The theoretical, empirical, and legal implications of a moral neural perspective of psychopathy andantisocial behavior are discussed. The results demonstrated that psychopathic traits, which occasionally lead to criminal and violent behaviors, have a neurobiological basis related to moral cognition processes. However, a neuronal moral model has theoretical and practical limitations, as well as legal implications for free will and moral agency capacity.","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaslighting Exposure During Emerging Adulthood: Personality Traits and Vulnerability Paths.","authors":"Martina Bellomare, Vincenzo Giuseppe Genova, Paola Miano","doi":"10.21500/20112084.6306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.6306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among the many forms of psychological violence, gaslighting is a particularly insidious manipulative behaviour that includes acts aimed at controlling and altering one's own partner's sensations, thoughts, actions, affective state, self-perception, and reality-testing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the experience of gaslighting and dysfunctional aspects of the partner's personality. Gaslighter personality facets were assessed using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Informant Form-Adult (PID-5-IRF), while gaslighting behaviours were assessed using a 25-item questionnaire, based on the three categories of glamour, good-guy, and intimidator (Stern, 2007). The sample was made up of a group of 177 Italian emerging adults aged between 19 and 26 (49.2% male, 50.8% female; M = 21.88, SD = 1.75), enrolled at University, who participated voluntarily in the research. In fact, none of them received any form of direct or indirect incentive. In our study, we applied a beta regression model mapping the Likert scale into the open interval (0,1). The main results show (a) good-guy gaslighting is positively associated with manipulativeness and negatively associated with deceitfulness; (b) glamour gaslighting has a negative association with separation insecurity and manipulativeness, but it is positively associated with irresponsibility; (c) intimidator gaslighting has a positive association with separation insecurity and distractibility and a negative association with eccentricity and perceptual dysregulation; (d) all three gaslighting categories are negatively associated with anhedonia and impulsivity. Based on what emerged from the data, aspects such as separation insecurity, irresponsibility, and distractibility can be seen as serious risk factors for gaslighting. For this reason, with regard to clinical implications, an early recognition of dysfunctional traits in potential abusers should be fostered in order to protect both potential abusers and their partner from aggressive conduct within an intimate relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity and Internal Consistency of a Spanish Version of the Cognitive Flexibil ity Scale (CFS).","authors":"Mariana Beatriz López, Vanessa Arán Filippetti, Gabriela Liliana Krumm","doi":"10.21500/20112084.6106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.6106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study presents a Spanish version of the Cognitive Flexi bility Scale (CFS), a subjective and brief instrument to measure Cognitive Flexibility (CF), and analyzes its psychometric characteristics.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The items of the scale's original version were adapted to Spanish. An interview containing the adapted version of the CFS, the Adult Executive Functioning Inventory (ADEXI), the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and sociodemographic data, was administered to an intentional sample of 369 Argentine adults, aged between 18 and 60, through an online platform.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CFS's internal consistency was high (<i>a = .</i>813). A two-factor model, Strengths and Difficulties in CF, showed the best fit for the data. The CFS shows a negative correlation with the executive deficit and a positive correlations with empathy dimensions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The Spanish-adapted version of the CFS shows satisfactory psychometric properties in the Argentine adult population.</p>","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate partner violence attitudes: Who tolerates the most?","authors":"Mayerli Andrea Prado Rivera, Yudy Alejandra Ortiz Hernandez, Paula Alexandra Motta Tautiva, Orlando Garay Quevedo, Angélica Julieth Guillén Puerto","doi":"10.21500/20112084.6479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.6479","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to identify whether demographic variables, the type and length of romantic relationships, and alcohol consumption were risk factors related to attitudes toward intimate partner violence (IPV). Method: 723 adults filled the IPVAS and a demographic survey. Results: women were less likely to accept control; participants with technical education were more likely to tolerate control and abuse; those with secondary education were at higher risk to accept physical violence, while participants aged 26-35 were at lower risk; people who were dating someone were at higher risk to tolerate control but were at a lower risk to accept physical violence; and those who consume alcohol were more likely to accept abuse. Conclusion: As attitudes toward IPV may predict its future occurrence, research on variables modulating the association between attitudes and IPV execution can strengthen evidence to implement preventive actions, in which shaping attitudes towards IPV are the primary target.","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Version of the Revised-Abbreviated Eysenck Personality Questionnaire in a Spanish Young Adult Population","authors":"Joel Juarros-Basterretxea, L. Rodríguez-Franco, Juan Herrero, F. J. Rodríguez-Díaz","doi":"10.21500/20112084.6058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.6058","url":null,"abstract":"Eysenck’s PEN model is one of the most relevant and fruitful models with empirical support, and continues eliciting a large research corpus. Nevertheless, the systematic limitations regarding the psychoticism dimension and questionable inclusion of social desirability as a personality dimension have limited the model. The current research aimed to estimate an alternativePEN model including social desirability as a control and test its validity and reliability. This sample consists of 2969 Spanish young adults. Confirmatory factor analysis was carried out to test the fitting of four different models tothe data. Once the best-fitting model was obtained, multiple-group analyses were carried out to assess the configural, metric, and scalar invariance of themodel across sexes. The results showed that the three-dimension PEN model and two-dimension EN model controlling social desirability best fit the dataand were invariant across sexes. Despite the apparent appropriateness of both models, the EN model controlling for social desirability is more appropriate due to the weakness of the P dimension.","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140999131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Violencia en el noviazgo en estudiantes universitarios: validación de la escala DVQ-VP en Bolivia","authors":"Alhena L. Alfaro-Urquiola, Erick Roth, Francisco Javier Herrero Díez, Carolina Bringas Molleda, Juan B. Herrero Olaizola, Francisco Javier Rodríguez Díaz","doi":"10.21500/20112084.6364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.6364","url":null,"abstract":"Antecedentes: La violencia en el noviazgo es un tema cada vez más estudiado ya que se relaciona con las etapas iniciales de lo que más tarde podría convertirse en violencia de pareja e incluso violencia intrafamiliar. Se cree que el amor puede causar patrones de comportamiento que eventualmente se convertirán en hábitos. El objetivo es contar con instrumentos válidos y fiables, adaptados a diferentes contextos, para evaluar con precisión y prontitud a las víctimas y agresores y orientar una intervención adecuada. Método: Trabajamos con 2.216 estudiantes universitarios voluntarios de Bolivia que tuvieron al menos una relación de pareja en los últimos doce meses. Se realizó análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio para adaptar el DVQ-VP al contexto boliviano. Resultados: Se confirmaron las características psicométricas adecuadas para evaluar la violencia en las relaciones de noviazgo utilizando una versión reducida de 18 ítems en un modelo de cinco factores para las víctimas y una escala de un solo factor para la evaluación de los agresores, que se encontraron invariantes para el sexo. Conclusiones: Se señalan las implicaciones y limitaciones del estudio.","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140998484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes towards Sexual Behaviour: an Exploratory Analysis of a Comprehensive Model","authors":"C. Velo Higueras, Miguel Ángel Ruiz Díaz","doi":"10.21500/20112084.6367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.6367","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. A theoretical model of self-oriented cognitive schemata of sexual behaviour (SO-CSSB) was proposed after a previous disambiguation review on the definition and research of sexual attitudes. A quantitative exploration of the proposal may add real-world information regarding the internal structure and the adequacy of the defined factors. Consequently, the present study aims to 1) develop a questionnaire based on the theoretical review and 2) explore the structure of the SO-CSSB model. Method. Following the SO-CSSB principles, a questionnaire was developed and evaluated. An observational cross-sectional online survey was conducted. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a reliability analysis were performed. Results. A study sample, comprised of 188 subjects, was analysed (Age 18–56; M = 25.27; SD = 6.6; 62 male, 33.2%). The EFA yielded 16 factors with eigenvalues above 1, accounting for 67.21% of the variance (KMO = .672, Barlett’s = 3958.7, sig.<.01; item communalities between .44 and .80). Items under .49were cut off, which included values from .49 to .86. There was no correlation between components over .20, in a range from –.19 to .20. Reliability indexes varied from .46 to .86. Conclusion. A final model of 16 components followingthe SO-CSSB principles was presented. The analysis revealed certain modifications to the theoretical proposal, and the objective of adding a quantitative frame toempirically specify its factors was achieved. This outcome constitutes a step forward to developing a comprehensive model on sexual beliefs.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140999939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes of the Host Population towards Syrian Refugees: A New Theoretical Perspective","authors":"Betül Dilara Şeker","doi":"10.30564/jpr.v5i4.5985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30564/jpr.v5i4.5985","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into the nuanced attitudes of the host community in Izmir, Turkey, towards Syrian refugees, employing a robust threat and benefit theoretical model. It scrutinizes the multifaceted factors contributing to perceived threats and benefits, elucidates the reasons behind the variation in these attitudes, identifies the individuals responsible for holding these perspectives, pinpoints the specific contexts in which they manifest, examines the temporal dimension of these attitudes, and dissects the profound impact they have on mutual adaptation processes and the formulation of migration policies. A diverse group of 34 participants from the host community actively engaged in semi-structured interviews, comprising 16 females and 18 males across an age spectrum spanning 19 to 64 years. Thematic analysis methodically uncovered that economic and demographic considerations prominently constitute the bedrock of perceived threats, while conversely, the study illuminated financial contributions as pivotal benefits. The in-depth understanding garnered from this study holds significant promise for fostering enduring mutual adaptation between the host and refugee communities, thereby cultivating a more harmonious coexistence. Additionally, this nuanced insight informs the strategic development of immigration policies, ensuring they align with the evolving dynamics of this complex relationship.","PeriodicalId":46542,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Psychological Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136318201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}