{"title":"Exploring container port connectivity in Southeast Asia: An integrated assessment approach","authors":"Ming-Jiu Hwang, Ya-Pei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Asian region has become the world's manufacturing hub due to its cost advantages, driving the development of container transportation. Recently, enterprises have favored Southeast Asia for its demographic dividend and geographical benefits. The relationships between ports are complex, and their roles are evolving. This study introduces a container port and network analysis model to explore the features of container ports and networks in Southeast Asia. Using actual route and port data, it proposes three performance indicators: Annualized Slot Capacity (ASC), Equipment Utilization, and Terminal Productivity. Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are used to develop a suitable port connectivity indicator for Southeast Asia, analyzing changes from 2020 to 2022. The study also categorizes and analyzes the characteristics of the Southeast Asian shipping network based on vessel types and includes Kaohsiung Port in the analysis for a comprehensive comparison. The findings show that the proposed port connectivity ranking differs from the LSCI, which focuses on traffic flow, due to differing indicator aspects. Some ports excel in specific networks based on vessel types. From 2020 to 2022, Vietnamese ports showed steady growth in regional networks, while Kaohsiung Port declined, needing to enhance regional cooperation and competitiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 139-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of the China effect and global financial crisis on Korea’s shipping industry, 2004–2010","authors":"S. June Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Korean shipping industry, which had been striving to recover from the Asian Financial Crisis, underwent significant quantitative expansion between 2004 and 2008. This growth was largely fueled by the so-called “China Effect,” which generated a global shipping boom, during which an average of 20 new ocean-going shipping companies were founded annually in Korea. However, the waning of the China Effect in 2008, compounded by the global financial crisis, triggered a renewed downturn in the industry. Drawing on previously unreleased application data submitted to the Korea Shipowners’ Association, this paper analyzes the dynamics and characteristics of Korea’s shipping boom during the China-led surge and examines the industry's response to the subsequent crisis between 2008 and 2010. The findings shed light on the structural factors behind Korea’s emergence as a global maritime power and provide a historical foundation for future quantitative research on post-2010 developments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 129-138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of air cargo volumes within airport networks: Insights from an augmented gravity model with economic distance and geographic threshold effects","authors":"Zhen Wu , Po-Lin Lai , Pairach Piboonrungroj , Hao Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzed the determinants of air cargo volumes between airports using an augmented gravity model. Data from 115 airport pairs in China spanning 2009–2020 were utilized. The findings reveal that economic disparity significantly influences air cargo volumes, with greater economic differences between airports' host cities leading to reduced cargo flows. Geographic distance also plays a crucial role and exhibits a nonlinear effect. By extending the panel gravity model into a threshold regression model, this study finds that when the distance is less than 430 km, air cargo connectivity weakens as the distance increases. Beyond 430 km, however, geographic distance positively impacts air cargo volumes, indicating that air cargo frequency increases with longer distances. Population size in airport host cities affects cargo volumes, with departure city populations having a stronger influence. Additionally, airport-specific factors such as available tonnage, flight schedules, and regular shift load factors are significant determinants, with the regular shift load factor being particularly impactful. By incorporating time-varying economic distances and geographic threshold effects, this study improves upon the traditional gravity model, offering a more nuanced approach for analyzing airport cargo flows. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, enabling them to better understand the factors influencing air cargo volumes and implement effective strategies to foster sustainable growth in the air cargo industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 153-163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María del Carmen García Barranco, Juan Carlos Pérez Mesa, Jesús Hernández Rubio
{"title":"Innovative intermodal transportation business models for perishables: A scoping review","authors":"María del Carmen García Barranco, Juan Carlos Pérez Mesa, Jesús Hernández Rubio","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a scoping review of the literature on innovative business models (BM) in the context of intermodal transport of perishable goods, with a particular focus on short sea shipping (SSS). It explores the ongoing reluctance of supply chain stakeholders to adopt modal shift strategies, despite well-documented environmental and social benefits. To address this challenge, the study proposes the BM concept as a strategic and operational tool to bridge the gap between vision and implementation, particularly within the agri-food sector, where supply chain management is critical. The review reveals a strong prevalence of BM oriented toward digitalization and collaboration to enhance intermodal logistics. However, it also identifies a notable gap in models that address externality reduction and improvements in service quality. Those two dimensions are especially relevant for the successful implementation of intermodal solutions for perishable products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 164-175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Listan Bernal, Young-Seo Choi, Margarita Krivoshapkina, Gi-Tae Yeo
{"title":"Analysis of the competitive structure of the grain terminal in the West Coast region of South Korea","authors":"Maria Listan Bernal, Young-Seo Choi, Margarita Krivoshapkina, Gi-Tae Yeo","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to analyze the competition structure of grain terminals in the West Coast region of South Korea. Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), shift-share analysis, and Boston consulting group (BCG) Matrix approaches were used in this study. The results showed that grain terminals in Incheon, such as Hanjin, CJ Korea Express, Daehan Silo, and Korea TBT, did not attain the positive handling level of the Taeyoung Grain Terminal located in Pyeongtaek Dangjin port and outstanding gains of Sun Kwang (Gunsan) grain terminal. The results of this study have implications for the establishment of government policies such as the construction of additional grain terminals and repair of existing facilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 3","pages":"Pages 119-128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ting Kai Ooi , Cheng-Hsien Hsieh , Shu-Mei Wang , Yu-Kai Huang
{"title":"Orchestrating agile omnichannel supply chain planning through big data analytics and end-to-end visibility","authors":"Ting Kai Ooi , Cheng-Hsien Hsieh , Shu-Mei Wang , Yu-Kai Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global supply chains become increasingly complex due to various uncertainties associated with the constant flux. With more firms engaging in global trade, reaping the benefits of offshoring and outsourcing a multitude of business functions worldwide, the increasing complexity continuously tests each company’s supply chain resilience and agility. The advent of e-commerce makes omnichannel more critical for traditional retailers. Omnichannel supply chains introduce an increased operational complexity to the information flows than that of traditional supply chains, including the need to coordinate numerous sales channels, multiple net-work nodes and decentralised inventory. A lack of end-to-end visibility of information flows can result in poor demand-supply matching and eventually cause service loss concerning stockouts. Accordingly, this study uses big data analytics to explore the relationship between forecast accuracy and visibility. A company in the fast-moving consumer goods industry centred on the Association of South-east Asian Nations region is employed as the empirical case. Not only determining correlations between the transmitted forecasts and actual supply needs but also insights into the growing emphasis on the omnichannel supply chain are discussed. Analytical results indicate that end-to-end visibility of information is highly correlated with forecast accuracy of demand, supply and production planning. The developed framework assists businesses in understanding the complexities of omnichannel operations and the benefits of information consolidation. This enhances businesses’ predictive analytics capabilities to facilitate supply chain planning and thus improve overall supply chain agility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 110-117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study on fuzzy-AHP analysis for carbon neutrality in container terminals in Korea","authors":"Hyun-Woo Kim , Yong-Seok Choi , Jae-Eun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative importance of determinants that should be considered first in order for container terminals to realize carbon neutrality and become an eco-friendly port. Three upper determinants and 12 lower determinants were derived through the two-stage Delphi survey to derive questionnaire items. The factors determined by the container terminal operation experts were surveyed, and priorities were identified using the Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process(Fuzzy-AHP) technique. As a result, the importance of the top three priority factors was evaluated in the order of improvement of laws and systems, energy efficiency, and low-carbon infrastructure construction, confirming that to realize carbon neutrality at container terminals, it was necessary to first consider improving laws and systems that reflected realistic problems. According to the results of the priority analysis, the introduction of energy-saving equipment, the introduction of the AMP mandatory system, the provision of incentives to realize carbon neutrality, the establishment and implementation of low-carbon port policies, and the implementation of carbon-bearing regulatory measures, which are sub-factors of legal and institutional improvement, which were the highest importance of the top factors, ranked 2nd to 5th.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 90-98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative evaluation of machine learning approaches for container freight rates prediction","authors":"Namhun Kim , Junhee Cha , Junwoo Jeon","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the predictive performance of four models—Decision Tree, Random Forest, Prophet, and LSTM—in forecasting container freight rates, a key metric for strategic decision-making in the shipping industry. To address data heterogeneity, Min-Max normalization was applied, and the Johansen co-integration test confirmed long-term relationships among the variables, justifying the use of raw data in our analysis. Performance was assessed using MSE, RMSE, NMSE, MAE, MAPE and SMAPE. While both Decision Tree and Random Forest models yielded lower absolute errors compared to LSTM and Prophet, the Decision Tree model demonstrated superior relative accuracy, outperforming Random Forest by approximately 91.8 % on the USWC route, 52.1 % on USEC, 43.5 % on MED, and 22.7 % on NEUR. These findings highlight the robustness of the Decision Tree model for container freight rate forecasting under volatile market conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 99-109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors affecting the safety climate of the ship's crew: Empirical evidence from shipping companies in Indonesia","authors":"Larsen Barasa, Marihot Simanjuntak , Budi Wahyu Syafitra","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research examines the factors that influence the safety climate in the maritime industry, focusing on employee competence, use of safety equipment, and safety training in Indonesian shipping companies. The research proposes that variations in ship operations contribute to different levels of difficulty and quality of work, with implications for a varying safety climate. The analysis technique used Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression with 4 dimensional indicators namely competence, use of safety tools, safety training, and safety climate. The results showed that there is a positive and significant influence between employee competence, use of safety equipment, and safety training on the safety climate in Shipping Companies in Indonesia. The findings indicate the importance of investing in comprehensive safety training and the provision of adequate safety equipment as key factors in improving the safety climate for policy making in the maritime industry to create a safe and productive work environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The analysis of gaps in inter-organizational networks of international freight forwarders","authors":"Hee-Sung Bae","doi":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajsl.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzes the gaps in inter-organizational network between market uncertainty (MU) and organizational uncertainty (OU) within the international freight forwarding industry in Korea. The measurement factors are developed based on previous studies. 54 questionnaires were completed by Korean international freight forwarders. Reliability of the data is identified by factor analysis, and the validity is tested by Cronbach’s alpha. The hypothesis is verified as follows: the sample firms are classified into four clusters by cluster analysis on the basis of MU and OU, the gaps in inter-organizational network among the four clusters are tested by analysis of variance, and real gaps are identified by post hoc analysis. The results indicated a high level of inter-organizational network among clusters with both a high level and a low level of MU and OU. International freight forwarders in these clusters maintained long-term and collaborative relationships with partners through their networks. Therefore, multinational enterprises (MNEs) seeking to enter the market may benefit from forming a network with Korean international freight forwarders through agency contracts rather than through foreign direct investment (FDI).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46505,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics","volume":"41 2","pages":"Pages 83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}