Journal of the International Phonetic Association最新文献_第10页

Acoustic differentiation of allophones of /aɪ/ in Chicagoland English: Statistical comparison of formant trajectories 芝加哥英语/a /音素的声学分化:形成峰轨迹的统计比较

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-04-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0025100320000158

J. Hualde, Marissa S. Barlaz, T. Luchkina

{"title":"Acoustic differentiation of allophones of /aɪ/ in Chicagoland English: Statistical comparison of formant trajectories","authors":"J. Hualde, Marissa S. Barlaz, T. Luchkina","doi":"10.1017/S0025100320000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025100320000158","url":null,"abstract":"Diphthongs have a dynamic formant structure. Nevertheless, many quantitative studies of diphthongs are based on measurements at only two points, somewhere in the nucleus and somewhere in the glide. The question arises as to whether analyses based on values at only two points provide an adequate understanding of the dynamics of diphthongs. Wieling (2018) mentions the analysis of /aɪ/ raising in Chicago English in Hualde, Luchkina & Eager (2017) as one of several examples of recent studies where potentially interesting patterns may have been missed because of limited sampling of formant values, and proposes using Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMM) to allow a more complete understanding of diphthong dynamics. In this paper, we examine the acoustic nature of the (quasi-)phonemic differentiation between two originally allophonic variants of the diphthong /aɪ/ in the US English of Chicago and the surrounding area. We offer an acoustic analysis based on full formant trajectories of diphthongs with data obtained from a group of 53 speakers. The results of a GAMM analysis are then compared with those obtained in Hualde et al. (2017), which considered values at only two points and from a smaller set of speakers (17). We also discuss the main advantages of GAMM analysis over other techniques that have being proposed for the analysis of differences in vowel formant dynamics.","PeriodicalId":46444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Phonetic Association","volume":"52 1","pages":"197 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0025100320000158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44227119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Trans-vocalic coronal consonant coarticulation in Central Arrernte: An electro-palatographic study 中耳区冠状辅音的跨音协同发音:电腭图研究

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-04-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0025100320000250

M. Tabain, R. Beare

{"title":"Trans-vocalic coronal consonant coarticulation in Central Arrernte: An electro-palatographic study","authors":"M. Tabain, R. Beare","doi":"10.1017/S0025100320000250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025100320000250","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines trans-vocalic CVC coarticulation of the coronal (dental, alveolar, retroflex and (alveo-)palatal) stop, nasal and lateral consonants of Arrernte, an Aboriginal language of Central Australia, using electro-palatographic (EPG) recordings of continuous speech. Coronal consonants are known to be more coarticulatorily resistant than peripheral consonants such as bilabials and velars, and this study teases out the coarticulatory differences between these four coronal places of articulation. Results confirm findings from previous studies that laminal consonants (dental and alveo-palatal) are broadly more coarticulatorily aggressive than apical consonants (alveolars and retroflexes), with the alveolars the least resistant to coarticulation. Dental consonants exert fronting effects on both preceding and following consonants, a result consistent with previous acoustic results for these sounds. Similarly, alveo-palatal consonants show both anticipatory and carryover effects, though their exact coarticulatory effect depends on the affected consonant place and manner. The retroflex consonants exert strong fronting effects on the following consonant, and it is suggested that this is due to the anterior release of retroflexes following ballistic forward movement during closure. There is also some evidence of a retraction effect of retroflexes on preceding consonants. Despite this evidence of coarticulatory aggression, retroflexes are particularly affected by preceding and following palatals: in these cases, the retroflex articulation becomes more forward, and dorsal contact for the retroflex is increased. In sum, by examining speech in an understudied language, we learn that there are still greater complexities in the co-ordination of consonants produced using the tongue tip and blade.","PeriodicalId":46444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Phonetic Association","volume":"52 1","pages":"389 - 420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0025100320000250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42559199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phrase-final intonation adjustment in Lebanese Arabic 黎巴嫩阿拉伯语词尾语调的调整

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-04-13 DOI: 10.1017/S0025100321000037

Niamh E. Kelly

引用次数: 1

The intonation of yes–no questions in Luganda 卢甘达的是-否问题语调

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-04-12 DOI: 10.1017/S0025100321000025

Scott Myers

{"title":"The intonation of yes–no questions in Luganda","authors":"Scott Myers","doi":"10.1017/S0025100321000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025100321000025","url":null,"abstract":"The intonation of yes–no questions in Luganda (Bantu, Uganda) has only been sketched in passing. Hyman states that Luganda yes–no questions are marked by a ‘super-high tone’ immediately following the last lexical high tone in the sentence, but there is little agreement in the literature about the intonation of yes–no questions if there is no lexical high tone in the sentence. To clarify the differences between statements and yes–no questions in Luganda, an acoustic production study was conducted. Nineteen speakers read aloud sentences differing in the location of the last lexical high tone relative to the end of the sentence. Each sentence was produced as a statement and as a question. Analysis of f0 measurements supported Hyman’s description of sentences with a lexical high tone, since the questions had an f0 peak that was higher and later than in the corresponding statements. For sentences without a lexical high tone, yes–no questions were found to begin with an interval in which f0 is higher than in corresponding statements, and end with a final f0 value lower than in statements. It is proposed that the yes–no question marker is a phrase accent (H–). Like the high phrase accent posited by Pierrehumbert for English, this intonational tone is associated after the last tone in the phrase, but in Luganda that last tone is lexical, rather than being an intonational focus marker as in English. This H– accent is subject to upstep in the position after a high tone.","PeriodicalId":46444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Phonetic Association","volume":"53 1","pages":"94 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0025100321000025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49209966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contour clustering: A field-data-driven approach for documenting and analysing prototypical f0 contours 轮廓聚类:用于记录和分析原型轮廓的现场数据驱动方法

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-04-12 DOI: 10.1017/S0025100321000049

Constantijn Kaland

{"title":"Contour clustering: A field-data-driven approach for documenting and analysing prototypical f0 contours","authors":"Constantijn Kaland","doi":"10.1017/S0025100321000049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025100321000049","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper reports an automatic data-driven analysis for describing prototypical intonation patterns, particularly suitable for initial stages of prosodic research and language description. The approach has several advantages over traditional ways to investigate intonation, such as the applicability to spontaneous speech, language- and domain-independency, and the potential of revealing meaningful functions of intonation. These features make the approach particularly useful for language documentation, where the description of prosody is often lacking. The core of this approach is a cluster analysis on a time-series of f0 measurements and consists of two scripts (Praat and R, available from https://constantijnkaland.github.io/contourclustering/). Graphical user interfaces can be used to perform the analyses on collected data ranging from spontaneous to highly controlled speech. There is limited need for manual annotation prior to analysis and speaker variability can be accounted for. After cluster analysis, Praat textgrids can be generated with the cluster number annotated for each individual contour. Although further confirmatory analysis is still required, the outcomes provide useful and unbiased directions for any investigation of prototypical f0 contours based on their acoustic form.","PeriodicalId":46444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Phonetic Association","volume":"53 1","pages":"159 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0025100321000049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48030334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

IPA volume 51 issue 1 Cover and Front matter 国际摄影学会第51卷第1期封面和封面问题

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0025100321000062

引用次数: 0

IPA volume 51 issue 1 Cover and Back matter IPA第51卷第1期封面和封底

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0025100321000074

引用次数: 0

Articulation of geminate obstruents in the Ikema dialect of Miyako Ryukyuan: A real-time MRI analysis 宫古琉球县Ikema方言双尾音的发音:实时MRI分析

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.1017/S0025100321000013

M. Fujimoto, Shigeko Shinohara, D. Mochihashi

{"title":"Articulation of geminate obstruents in the Ikema dialect of Miyako Ryukyuan: A real-time MRI analysis","authors":"M. Fujimoto, Shigeko Shinohara, D. Mochihashi","doi":"10.1017/S0025100321000013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025100321000013","url":null,"abstract":"The Ikema dialect of Miyako Island in Okinawa, Japan, has typologically rare word-initial and voiced geminate obstruents (e.g. /vva/ ‘you’, /ffa/ ‘child’, /tta/ ‘tongue’, /badda/ ‘side’). These sounds are marked in two ways: Voicing through geminate obstruents is hard to produce and initial voiceless plosives seem to be difficult to perceive. This study investigated real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rt-MRI) to examine the articulatory settings underlying contrasts between singleton and geminate obstruents. Our analyses of two male speakers’ utterances showed the following five characteristics: (i) geminate obstruents in Ikema have longer duration of articulatory constrictions regardless of position and consonant types; (ii) the voiced alveolar plosive geminate /dd/ is articulated with a larger linguopalatal contact than its singleton counterpart but such difference depends on the speaker for the voiceless plosive pair /tt/–/t/ and the fricative pairs /ss/–/s/ and /zz/–/z/; (iii) alveolar voiceless plosives /t/ and /tt/ have a greater degree of linguopalatal contact than their voiced counterparts /d/ and /dd/, respectively, but fricatives show inter-speaker variation; (iv) fricatives do not show any systematic difference in degree of (midsagittal) linguopalatal contact between geminates and singletons, or between voiceless and voiced consonants; and (v) voiced geminate obstruents are accompanied by pharyngeal expansion for both speakers and by lowering the larynx for one speaker, and never by lowering of the velum. We also observed that voiced fricatives tend to realize as affricates, which we interpret as part of the articulatory adjustments for (full) voicing of phonologically voiced geminate fricatives.","PeriodicalId":46444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Phonetic Association","volume":"53 1","pages":"69 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0025100321000013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44015023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Velar lateral allophony in Mee (Ekari) Mee（Ekari）Velar侧移树脂

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0025100320000249

P. Staroverov, S. Tebay

引用次数: 1

An acoustic study of quasi-phonemic vowels in Ampenan Sasak 安培南萨萨克语准音位元音的声学研究

IF 0.8 3区文学

Journal of the International Phonetic Association Pub Date : 2021-03-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0025100320000419

Leah Pappas

{"title":"An acoustic study of quasi-phonemic vowels in Ampenan Sasak","authors":"Leah Pappas","doi":"10.1017/S0025100320000419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025100320000419","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In a variety of Sasak called Ampenan Sasak in this paper, traditional documentation and analytical methods based on auditory perception reveal allophonic patterns in alternations of height among mid-vowels. High mid-vowels occur in final syllables ending in [ʔ] or no-coda (e.g. [tokoʔ] ‘fish species native to Lombok’) while low mid-vowels occur in final syllables ending in all other consonants (e.g. [tɔkɔl] ‘to sit’). However, words deviate from these patterns in several minimal pairs (e.g. [bəɾəmbok] ‘to discuss’ and [bəɾəmbɔk] ‘to breathe’) and in some borrowings (e.g. [agostos] ‘August’), suggesting a quasi-phonemic status for back mid-vowels; they behave like both phonemes and allophones. This study analyzes the phonetic properties of mid-vowels through an acoustic analysis of the F1 and F2 of 2,448 vowel tokens. Results suggest that mid-vowels are largely predictable among non-borrowed vocabulary. In final syllables, syllable openness serves as a predictor for the height of mid-vowels. In pre-final syllables, syllable openness has no effect on the height of the vowel. Rather, the height of pre-final mid-vowels is predictable based on the height of the final-syllable vowel. In consideration of both elicitation and acoustic evidence, this paper adopts a descriptive approach by stating that Ampenan Sasak back mid-vowels are largely predictable, with some exceptions. Further, the paper questions whether all sounds must be identified as a ‘phoneme’ or an ‘allophone’ and argues that quasi-phonemic segments are a valuable intermediate descriptor for both phonological theory and language documentation.","PeriodicalId":46444,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Phonetic Association","volume":"53 1","pages":"47 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0025100320000419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43234030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0