Articulation of geminate obstruents in the Ikema dialect of Miyako Ryukyuan: A real-time MRI analysis

IF 0.8 3区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
M. Fujimoto, Shigeko Shinohara, D. Mochihashi
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The Ikema dialect of Miyako Island in Okinawa, Japan, has typologically rare word-initial and voiced geminate obstruents (e.g. /vva/ ‘you’, /ffa/ ‘child’, /tta/ ‘tongue’, /badda/ ‘side’). These sounds are marked in two ways: Voicing through geminate obstruents is hard to produce and initial voiceless plosives seem to be difficult to perceive. This study investigated real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rt-MRI) to examine the articulatory settings underlying contrasts between singleton and geminate obstruents. Our analyses of two male speakers’ utterances showed the following five characteristics: (i) geminate obstruents in Ikema have longer duration of articulatory constrictions regardless of position and consonant types; (ii) the voiced alveolar plosive geminate /dd/ is articulated with a larger linguopalatal contact than its singleton counterpart but such difference depends on the speaker for the voiceless plosive pair /tt/–/t/ and the fricative pairs /ss/–/s/ and /zz/–/z/; (iii) alveolar voiceless plosives /t/ and /tt/ have a greater degree of linguopalatal contact than their voiced counterparts /d/ and /dd/, respectively, but fricatives show inter-speaker variation; (iv) fricatives do not show any systematic difference in degree of (midsagittal) linguopalatal contact between geminates and singletons, or between voiceless and voiced consonants; and (v) voiced geminate obstruents are accompanied by pharyngeal expansion for both speakers and by lowering the larynx for one speaker, and never by lowering of the velum. We also observed that voiced fricatives tend to realize as affricates, which we interpret as part of the articulatory adjustments for (full) voicing of phonologically voiced geminate fricatives.
宫古琉球县Ikema方言双尾音的发音:实时MRI分析
日本冲绳县宫古岛的Ikema方言,在类型上有罕见的词首和发音的双元音障碍(例如/vva/ ' you ', /ffa/ ' child ', /tta/ ' tongue ', /badda/ ' side ')。这些声音以两种方式被标记:通过双音障碍的发声很难产生,而最初的无音爆破音似乎很难被感知。本研究采用实时磁共振成像(rt-MRI)来检查单发和双发阻塞之间对比的发音设置。我们对两名男性说话者的话语进行了分析,发现了以下五个特征:(i)无论位置和辅音类型如何,Ikema的双元音阻塞都有较长的发音收缩持续时间;(ii)发声的牙槽爆破双元音/dd/比发声的单元音/dd/有更大的舌上接触,但这种差异取决于说话人对不发声的爆破对/tt/ - /t/和摩擦音对/ss/ - /s/和/zz/ - /z/的发音;(iii)肺泡不发音的爆破音/t/和/tt/分别比发音的/d/和/dd/有更大程度的舌上接触,但摩擦音在说话人之间存在差异;(iv)双尖音和单尖音之间,或清音和浊音之间,摩擦音在(中矢状)舌腭接触程度上没有系统差异;(v)发音的双元音阻塞伴随着两个说话者的咽部扩张和一个说话者的喉部下降,从不伴随着耳膜下降。我们还观察到,浊音摩擦音倾向于被理解为模糊音,我们将其解释为语音上浊音双元音摩擦音(完整)发声的发音调整的一部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
12.50%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: The Journal of the International Phonetic Association (JIPA) is a forum for work in the fields of phonetic theory and description. As well as including papers on laboratory phonetics/phonology and related topics, the journal encourages submissions on practical applications of phonetics to areas such as phonetics teaching and speech therapy, as well as the analysis of speech phenomena in relation to computer speech processing. It is especially concerned with the theory behind the International Phonetic Alphabet and discussions of the use of symbols for illustrating the phonetic structures of a wide variety of languages. JIPA now publishes online audio files to supplement written articles Published for the International Phonetic Association
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