Journal of Dance Medicine & Science最新文献

{"title":"Low Back Pain and Dance: A quantitative Analysis.","authors":"Roman Imhof, Thomas Fischer, Daniela Becker","doi":"10.1177/1089313X251345943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X251345943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Lower back pain (LBP) is a common issue among dancers across various styles. This study aims to investigate the 12-month prevalence, level of disability, duration and frequency of LBP episodes in a sample of dancers engaged in different dance styles. Additionally, it seeks to identify risk factors for low back pain, including dance style, sociodemographic factors, and psychosocial factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A survey was conducted via an online questionnaire utilizing www.SoSciSurvey.de. 77 dancers aged between 14 and 45 years, who danced at least 1 hour per week on average, were included. The sample comprised both recreational and professional dancers, exhibiting a wide range of workloads. Participants conveyed their sociodemographic Information, parameters related to their dancing and their 12-month prevalence of LBP including the duration and frequency of LBP episodes. To assess the degree of LBP induced disability, participants completed the Oswestry disability Index (ODI). A Chi-squared Test (Prevalence), Kruskal-Wallis Test (H-test), and Spearman correlation (confounders) were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 12-month prevalence of LBP in the cohort was high with 83.1%. The dance style did not have a statistically significant impact on the 12-month prevalence (<i>P</i> = .844) and the ODI (<i>P</i> = .065). Satisfaction with their own dance performance, coaching staff and the dance group, as well as heavy manual labor, smoking and psychological comorbidities were all statistically significantly correlated with at least 1 of the outcomes (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychosocial factors, psychological comorbidities, and lifestyle factors such as occupation and smoking status impacted LBP. Dance style did not affect LBP significantly.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X251345943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consecutive Single-Leg Relevés Results in Altered Movement Pattern and Dorsiflexor and Plantarflexor Muscle Fatigue.","authors":"Miranda Aman, James Brouner","doi":"10.1177/1089313X251347440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X251347440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigated how muscle activation and movement altered as a result of dorsiflexor and plantarflexor muscle fatigue in dancers during single-leg relevés.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>14 participants with current or recent experience in dance performed 10 single-leg relevés before and after a fatigue protocol at a set tempo of 46 beats per minute. The pre-fatigue and post-fatigue differences were assessed via surface electromyography of the lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis anterior during the ascending and descending phases. Kinematic data was obtained and assessed using 3D motion capture technology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in muscle activation occurred from pre-fatigue to post-fatigue during the ascending phase. However, there was a significant increase in activation during the descending phase in both the soleus (<i>P</i> = .020) and lateral gastrocnemius (<i>P</i> = .028). Additionally, there was a significant decrease in ankle range of motion (<i>P</i> = .004) and heel height achieved (<i>P</i> = .006) from pre-fatigue to post-fatigue. There was also a significant decrease in ankle dorsiflexion (<i>P</i> < .001) and plantarflexion (<i>P</i> = .014) post-fatigue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, ankle plantarflexor fatigue results in an inability to maintain movement despite increased muscle activation. Future research could support in validating the findings that dancers should limit working past or near fatigue, as it could lead to increased mechanical compensations which increase the risk of injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X251347440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chair Freeze, a Basic Posture in Breaking, Exerts Over 1.5 Times the Contact Pressure Concentrating on the Radial Half of the Palm Compared to Handstand.","authors":"Takashi Tsuda, Hiroshi Kiyomatsu, Tomofumi Kinoshita, Masaki Takao","doi":"10.1177/1089313X251347442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X251347442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Excessive contact forces on the hands during breaking can potentially cause a high injury incidence. Chair freeze is a basic posture unique to breaking; however, its effect on the hands remains unclear. Clarifying dancer-specific factors is essential for preventing trauma and overuse injuries. This study aimed to investigate the contact load and pressure on the hands during chair freeze and their determinants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>15 professional breakers were recruited. The peak landed load per bodyweight and contact pressure were measured using thin-film pressure sensors in the chair freeze and handstand postures. The location of the highest pressure was also assessed. The following possible factors of load and pressure were assessed: age, height, weight, body mass index, hand axis, practice duration, and grip strength.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Load per bodyweight and pressure were significantly higher in the chair freeze than in the handstand (0.69 bodyweight vs 0.47 bodyweight and 247.1 kPa vs 155.8 kPa; <i>P</i> < .0001 and <i>P</i> < .0001, respectively). In 14 of 15 dancers (93.3%), the highest pressure was concentrated on the radial side of the palm during chair freeze. Body height and weight were significantly correlated with load per bodyweight and pressure in chair freeze (ρ = 0.55, 0.57, 0.54, and 0.59; <i>P</i> = .036, .028, .038, and .020, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Load per bodyweight and pressure on the landed hand was 1.5- to 1.6-fold higher during the chair freeze than during the handstand, concentrating on the radial side of the palm. Dancers' body size was associated with the contact force on the hand in the chair freeze.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X251347442"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of a Barre Exercise Intervention for Individuals with Mild to Moderate Parkinson Disease.","authors":"Allison M Haussler, Lauren E Tueth, Gammon M Earhart","doi":"10.1177/1089313X251342623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X251342623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> In conjunction with medication, exercise is key for managing Parkinson disease (PD) related motor symptoms. Barre is an exercise modality that combines elements of classical ballet with strength training, involving high repetitions of low impact movements. Barre is accessible and may address documented barriers to exercise for people with PD such as fear of falling, lack of enjoyment, and lack of social support. To our knowledge, there is no previous literature on the effects of barre for PD. Therefore, this study aims to test the feasibility and acceptability of a novel barre exercise intervention. <b>Methods:</b> Individuals with mild to moderate PD were recruited to participate in a barre exercise class. The intervention consisted of twice-weekly, 45-minute group exercise classes for 12 weeks. Feasibility benchmarks included attendance, retention, and acceptability. Balance, gait, and functional strength assessments were carried out pre- and post-intervention to explore preliminary motor trends. Participants also completed a quality of life survey and a qualitative exit interview. <b>Results:</b> Eleven individuals completed the intervention. All three feasibility benchmarks were met. Participants had high attendance (70-100% of classes offered), high retention (84.6%), and reported that the class quality was excellent and generally met their needs. While most motor outcomes changed little pre- to post-intervention, gait outcomes (speed, distance on 2MWT) did improve. Exit interview themes surrounding what participants liked best about the program included comradery, support, and that the class was specific to PD, with 82% of participants indicating that they would re-enroll if the class was offered in a community setting. <b>Conclusion:</b> Engaging in barre exercise may be a safe, feasible way to meet exercise guidelines for PD. Future controlled studies should explore the clinical efficacy of barre for improving balance, gait, and functional strength in larger samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X251342623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening Protocols for <i>Pointe</i> Readiness in Young Adolescent Female Dance Students: A Delphi Study.","authors":"Kelly Hough-Coles, Matthew Wyon, Nico Kolokythas, Shaun M Galloway","doi":"10.1177/1089313X251339220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X251339220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> There is an increased injury risk during <i>pointe</i> training if dance students are not physically or technically prepared. The objective of this study was to find consensus between dance experts pertaining to the most reliable screening protocols when determining <i>pointe</i> readiness in young adolescent female dance students. <b>Methods:</b> Dance experts (10+ years of professional dance (<i>pointe</i>) experience/teaching <i>pointe</i> experience/clinician to dancers), were recruited through multiple dance teacher/science groups on social media. The Delphi method was utilized via Online Surveys and distributed in rounds until consensus was found. Questions were created, and subsequent rounds were devised based on analyzed data from the previous round. Descriptive and thematic analysis was used to collate, rank, and analyze data. Consensus was determined at 60% agreement between the dance experts' answers. <b>Results and discussion:</b> Fifteen dance experts completed Round 3 with 80% consensus. The most important physical attributes were ankle alignment, pelvic stability, ankle strength, ankle stability, and lower limb alignment. Screening measures consisted of medical history, teacher assessment, heel raise test, single leg <i>plié</i>, plantarflexion. Functional skills tests were heel raise test, single leg <i>sauté</i>, holding <i>passé relevé</i> on demi-<i>pointe</i>, balance, and pencil test. All agreed that teacher assessment is more reliable than a test battery. Overall, responses corresponded with statistically significant evaluators yet were not conclusive. <b>Conclusion:</b> Contradictory responses meant providing reliable outcomes to the objectives was challenging. Further research projects are needed to indicate any association between testing and teacher assessment for <i>pointe</i> readiness.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X251339220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toe Flexor Muscle Strength in Vocational Ballet Dancers: Reliability, Variability, and Minimal Detectable Change of a Custom-Made Dynamometer.","authors":"Anna Schrefl, Andrea Schärli, Jan-Peter Goldmann, Daniel Erlacher, Nico Kolokythas","doi":"10.1177/1089313X251344756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1089313X251344756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Toe flexor strength, which involves the combined activation of plantar intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles, is crucial for locomotion, balance, and performance. Strong toe flexors are particularly crucial for efficient propulsion during running and jumping. Therefore, strengthening the feet has gained increased attention in the general population, as well as among athletes and dancers. However, accurately assessing foot muscle strength remains challenging. This study investigated the within- and between-session reliability of toe flexor maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) using a custom-made dynamometer. <b>Method:</b> Twenty-five vocational ballet students (23 females and two males; age: 16.48 ± 1.2 years; mass: 53.06 ± 8.84 kg; height: 167.14 ± 6.4 cm; forefoot length: 6.55 ± 0.44 cm) participated in two data collection sessions 48 to 72 hours apart with three trials each session. The toes were positioned at a 25° dorsiflexion angle on the dynamometer. <b>Results:</b> Between-session reliability showed good to excellent intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values for absolute MVIC (aMVIC) of the right and left foot (ICC = 0.89-0.95; 95% CI: 0.75-0.96; coefficient of variation [CV]: 4.63-6.45). Toe flexor strength normalized to forefoot length and body weight (rTFS) was excellent for both feet (ICC = 0.91-0.95; 95% CI: 0.79-0.98; CV: 4.8-6.4). The minimal detectable change (MDC) ranged from 9.7% to 13.7% of individual scores. Within-session ICC values ranged from 0.92 to 0.95 (95% CI: 0.70-0.98), indicating excellent reliability across all measures. <b>Discussion:</b> Based on these findings, we recommend conducting at least one familiarization session and three trials per session to reduce the variability in toe flexor muscle strength measurements. The toe flexor dynamometer shows great potential for future research on toe flexor muscle strength in dancers, as well as monitoring back-to-stage rehabilitation progress and assessing pointe readiness.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"1089313X251344756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Life Measures in Young Pre-Professional Dancers Compared to Non-Athletes and Non-Dancer Athletes.","authors":"Andrea Stracciolini, Marina Gearhart, Bridget Quinn, Dai Sugimoto","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241272138","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X241272138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To investigate quality of life (QoL) measures in a cohort of young female dancers. <b>Methods:</b> Cross-sectional survey study design was utilized to study dancers 8 to 17 years enrolled in two elite dance schools in the Boston area. The main outcome measure was the Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL 4.0) questionnaire, a validated QoL survey for children, with established normative values for comparison. Demographics and questions pertaining to training regimens and injury/illness history were also included. Sub-groups (8-11 years, 12-14 years, and 15-17 years) were created to analyze outcomes by age. <b>Results:</b> One hundred and forty emails were delivered, 72 were completed and included in the final data analysis (51.4%). The median scores for physical, psychosocial, emotional, social, and school PedsQL sub-scales were 87.5, 90.0, 80.0, 100.0, and 92.5, respectively. The median score of the total PedsQL scores was 88.8. No difference in QoL outcomes by age group was found (physical: <i>P</i> = .328; psychosocial: <i>P</i> = .918; emotional: <i>P</i> = .673; social: <i>P</i> = .573; school: <i>P</i> = 0.962; total: <i>P</i> = 0.766). 52.5% of the participants responded that they regularly perform in shows. Median hours/week of dance rehearsal was 10 hours (mean ± standard deviation: 10.3 ± 4.9; 95% CI: 9.0, 11.6; IQR: 7.0, 13.5; range: 2.0, 20.0) and 68.9% reported they practice and rehearse throughout the entire calendar year as opposed to solely during the school year; most dancers reported participating in dance 11 months (median value) per year (mean ± standard deviation: 10.7 ± 0.8; 95% CI: 10.5, 11.0; IQR: 10.0, 11.0; range: 9.0, 12.0). <b>Conclusion:</b> QoL measures for young female dancers were higher relative to existing data for the general population and lower compared to other sports participation. These results will support the social, emotional, and physical health of young dancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"84-90"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Quality Assessment in Ballet, Modern and Contemporary Dance: A Two-Step Systematic Review.","authors":"Matthew Wirdnam, Christian Bonello, Susan Mayes, Jill Cook, Katia Ferrar","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241272139","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X241272139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Measurement of performance quality in dance is important but challenging and few dance performance quality measures exist. This study aims to (1) identify and (2) assess the quality of dance performance outcome measures for ballet, modern and contemporary dance. <b>Methods:</b> A 2-step systematic review with two separate literature searches was conducted. Step 1 involved a systematic review to identify all ballet, modern and contemporary dance performance quality outcome measures. Step 2 involved a systematic review to identify studies that reported measurement properties (eg, validity, reliability) of the tools identified in Step 1. A comprehensive electronic search of MEDLINE, SPORTSDiscus, CINHAL, Embase and IADMS Bibliography was conducted from inception to November 2020 (Part 1) and February 2021 (Part 2). To evaluate the quality of each dance performance outcome measure, three steps were conducted (1) assessment of methodological quality using the COSMIN checklists, (2) evaluation of results against criteria of good measurement properties and (3) summary of the evidence and an overall rating of evidence using a modified Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. <b>Results:</b> Fifteen dance performance quality outcome measures were identified (Step 1). Seventeen studies reported measurement property data for 14 of 15 identified outcome measures (Step 2). The majority of the 34 measurement property outcomes were rated as doubtful (COSMIN checklists), and demonstrated sufficient measurement properties. Only one outcome measure, the Radell Evaluation Scale for Dance Technique (RESDT), was assessed as having low and moderate quality evidence for validity and reliability respectively. The remaining 13 tools were rated as having very low-quality evidence (GRADE criteria). <b>Conclusions:</b> Due to low quality, the 15 dance performance quality tools cannot be confidently recommended for use at this time. Dance teachers, clinician and researchers should consider feasibility issues and use the tools with caution until adequate high-quality evidence is available.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"116-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examination of Left-Right Differences and Intertrial Variability in Grand Jeté Among Professional Ballet Dancers.","authors":"Ami Kuromaru, Yuya Ezawa, Takeo Maruyama","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241272134","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X241272134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Ballet demands diverse physical prowess, requiring dancers to execute movements symmetrically, irrespective of their dominant leg. Ballet often includes jumps, including the basic open-leg leap-the grand jeté-which requires uniform performance regardless of the leg on which the leap is initiated. However, no studies have simultaneously evaluated the effects of dominant leg or movement variation on jump height, leg split angle, jump time, and floor reaction forces during take-off and landing, which are related to the feeling of floating in the grand jeté. This study aimed to determine whether the high-level, stable, and beautiful performance required of professional ballet dancers in the grand jeté is affected by the dominant leg. <b>Methods:</b> Twelve female ballet dancers, all right leg dominant, performed the grand jeté 3 times on each side, distinguishing between dominant (right leg landing) and non-dominant (left leg landing) grand jetés. Utilising 3D movement analysis, we measured jump height, jump time, maximum leg split angle, and maximum vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) during take-off and landing. Mean values and coefficients of variation were calculated for each analysed parameter. Paired sample <i>t</i>-tests were conducted to assess differences between left and right grand jetés, with a significance level set at <i>P</i> < .05. <b>Results:</b> Statistically significant differences were observed in jump height (<i>P</i> = .028) and jump time (<i>P</i> = .001) when comparing the average of three trials for each side. However, no significant differences were found in maximum leg split angle (<i>P</i> = 0.643), maximum VGRF at take-off (<i>P</i> = .200), and maximum VGRF at landing (<i>P</i> = .109). In addition, no significant differences in coefficients of variation were identified for all items. <b>Conclusion:</b> Ballet dancers showed consistent performance on dominant and non-dominant legs but higher and longer jumps for grand jetés landing on the dominant leg, which may have affected overall performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"77-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk and Protective Factors in Dancers Exposed to Trauma.","authors":"Paula Thomson, S Victoria Jaque","doi":"10.1177/1089313X241273880","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1089313X241273880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study examined risk and protective factors in dancers with/without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and with/without trauma exposure.</p><p><strong>Literature review: </strong>Exposure to traumatic events and developing PTSD can compromise daily functioning and performance ability. Despite exposure many dancers adapt, whereas others suffer psychopathology such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, and difficulties regulating emotions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred ninety two pre-professional/professional dancers provided informed consent (IRB approved) and completed 8 self-report measures. A subsample (66%) exposed to a significant traumatic event was evaluated for PTSD. Multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA) were conducted to compare dancers with/without PTSD and with/without trauma exposure. A logistic regression analysis determined predictors of PTSD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MANCOVAs indicated that dancers exposed to trauma (66%) and who had PTSD (32%) had significantly more difficulty regulating emotions, engaged more emotion-oriented coping under stress, and had increased depression, trait anxiety, and cumulative trauma. In these group comparison analyses there were non-significant differences regarding flow experiences and task- and avoidance-oriented coping strategies. In the logistic regression analysis childhood physical and sexual abuse, childhood emotional neglect, mental illness within the family, and difficulty disclosing abuse experiences were predictors of PTSD. In the total sample 21% had PTSD.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>This study identified types of abuse/trauma, emotion regulation/coping, and psychopathology associated with PTSD in dancers exposed to trauma (66%) and with PTSD (32%). In the total sample 21% had PTSD. Regardless of exposure to trauma or PTSD, the non-significant findings indicated similarities for dancers for global and autotelic flow experiences and task- and avoidance-oriented coping strategies. These positive factors may mitigate trauma-related symptoms. It is recommended that dancers, educators, and clinicians understand the effects of trauma exposure and promote the development of effective coping strategies, emotion regulation, and flow states which may diminish the negative effects of PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46421,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dance Medicine & Science","volume":" ","pages":"98-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}