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Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling最新文献

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The application of Newton and Swoope's geographical profile to serial killers 牛顿和斯沃普的地理侧写在连环杀手身上的应用
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-10-18 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1566
Daniel Salafranca Barreda
{"title":"The application of Newton and Swoope's geographical profile to serial killers","authors":"Daniel Salafranca Barreda","doi":"10.1002/jip.1566","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1566","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quite possibly, the first application of geographic analysis to identify and characterise the spatial behaviour of the offender concerning the crime scene was developed in 1980 by Milton Newton. Although previous studies have used Newton and Swoope's geoforensic process (Kent, 2009, Essays on the integration of anisotropic landscapes within contemporary geographic profiling models [LSU doctoral dissertations]; Leitner et al., 2007, Police Practice and Research, 8[4], 359–370) to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, there are, to our knowledge, no investigations that have validated the procedure with cases of serial murderers. The main objective of the study is to analyse a sample of 41 serial killers with a minimum number of six crimes and to evaluate the method proposed by Newton (1988, Geographical discovery of the residence of an unknown dispersing localized serial murder). The results confirm only Newton's first assumption in which after the fifth crime in the series, the estimated ‘haven’ is close to the actual ‘haven’, ruling out that the search area becomes progressively smaller and that the ‘haven’ is located in the search area.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"18 1","pages":"68-78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1566","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48616824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
A critical analysis of the Model Statement literature: Should this tool be used in practice? 对模型陈述文献的批判性分析:该工具应在实践中使用吗?
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1563
Cody Normitta Porter, Rachel Taylor, Giacomo Salvanelli
{"title":"A critical analysis of the Model Statement literature: Should this tool be used in practice?","authors":"Cody Normitta Porter,&nbsp;Rachel Taylor,&nbsp;Giacomo Salvanelli","doi":"10.1002/jip.1563","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1563","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Investigators need to elicit detailed statements from interviewees to find potential leads, whilst simultaneously judging if a statement is genuine or fabricated. Researchers have proposed that the Model Statement (MS) can both (a) increase information elicitation from interviewees and (b) amplify the verbal differences between liars and truth tellers, thereby enhancing lie-detection accuracy. Based upon a critical analysis of the MS literature, we argue that this tool is not currently ready for practical usage, as its utility has not been fully established. We highlight a diverse range of existing MS scripts, and a greater diversity in the dependent measures examined in conjunction with this tool. More robust replications of these procedures are needed. We also highlight why some measures of verbal content may not be suitable as outcome measures and suggest that new research could use the well-established reality monitoring criteria to allow for standardisation across studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"18 1","pages":"35-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1563","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45906045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Serial theft case linkage based on a two-step cumulative probability model 基于两步累积概率模型的连环盗窃案件联动
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-10-06 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1564
Ning Ding, Mingyuan Ma, Yiming Zhai
{"title":"Serial theft case linkage based on a two-step cumulative probability model","authors":"Ning Ding,&nbsp;Mingyuan Ma,&nbsp;Yiming Zhai","doi":"10.1002/jip.1564","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1564","url":null,"abstract":"<p>At present, serial theft case linkage remains at the stage of empiricism. In order to overcome this subjective arbitrariness, this study proposes using a ‘two-step cumulative probability model’ for investigation. In the first step, based on expert grading method, the opinions of 99 policemen were combined to quantify the serial theft case characteristics. In the second step, when a new case occurred, the characteristics of it were compared with the characteristics of each serial theft case, and the corresponding probabilities were added according to the calculations of the second step; when the accumulated points exceeded the threshold, we considered concatenating the new case with the corresponding serial cases. The results demonstrated that the average accuracy of the two-step cumulative probability model was 87.5% and that the average response rate of the irrelevant case (control group) was 12.3%. We concluded that the two-step cumulative probability model could assist in criminal investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"18 1","pages":"3-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42091493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Dull versus creative liars—Who deceives better? Fantasy proneness and verifiability of genuine and fabricated accounts 愚蠢的骗子和有创造力的骗子——谁更会骗人?真实和虚构账目的幻想倾向和可验证性
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-10-06 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1565
Irena Boskovic, Ayla Ramakers, Ali Yunus Emre Akca
{"title":"Dull versus creative liars—Who deceives better? Fantasy proneness and verifiability of genuine and fabricated accounts","authors":"Irena Boskovic,&nbsp;Ayla Ramakers,&nbsp;Ali Yunus Emre Akca","doi":"10.1002/jip.1565","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1565","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Verifiability Approach (VA), a lie detection method, postulates that genuine statements contain more verifiable information, whereas fabricated reports include more non-verifiable details. We investigated whether participants low (<i>n</i> = 19), medium (<i>n</i> = 23) and high (<i>n</i> = 26) on fantasy proneness differ in the (non)verifiability of their genuine and fabricated accounts. The results showed that groups did not differ in terms of statements' (non)verifiability. Overall, fabricated accounts included more non-verifiable details, but did not differ in verifiable details from genuine stories. The fabricated accounts from each group were given to legal psychology experts (<i>N</i> = 13) who rated accounts' authenticity. Experts more often recognised false accounts from the high fantasy proneness group, hence, high fantasy prone deceivers might be easier to detect than people with lower fantasy engagement. Overall, our results show that the VA is not sensitive to fantasy proneness, however, that experts might be.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"18 1","pages":"56-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41897044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Deception detection in repeated interviews: The effects of immediate type of questioning on the delayed accounts 重复访谈中的欺骗侦测:即时型提问对延迟陈述的影响
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1561
Aleksandras Izotovas, Aldert Vrij, Lorraine Hope, Leif A. Strömwall, Pär A. Granhag, Samantha Mann
{"title":"Deception detection in repeated interviews: The effects of immediate type of questioning on the delayed accounts","authors":"Aleksandras Izotovas,&nbsp;Aldert Vrij,&nbsp;Lorraine Hope,&nbsp;Leif A. Strömwall,&nbsp;Pär A. Granhag,&nbsp;Samantha Mann","doi":"10.1002/jip.1561","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1561","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we examined how different types of interviewing (eliciting more complete vs. less complete accounts) used in an interview conducted shortly after an event affected truth tellers' and liars' responses when they were interviewed again after a two-week delay. Participants (<i>n</i> = 80) were shown a mock intelligence operation video and told either the truth or lied about its contents in two interviews, immediately after watching the video, and after a two-week delay. In the immediate interview participants were instructed either to report everything they remembered, or asked spatial questions related to the event. In the delayed interview, all participants were asked to report everything. The differences between truth tellers and liars were slightly larger in the report everything than in the spatial questions condition. Results suggest that an immediate “report everything” instruction can aid to effectively discriminate between truthful and deceptive accounts.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"17 3","pages":"224-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1561","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42574657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Behavioural themes in Spanish missing persons cases: An empirical typology 西班牙失踪人口案件中的行为主题:一种经验类型
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-09-27 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1562
Néstor García-Barceló, José Luis González Álvarez, Penny Woolnough, Louise Almond
{"title":"Behavioural themes in Spanish missing persons cases: An empirical typology","authors":"Néstor García-Barceló,&nbsp;José Luis González Álvarez,&nbsp;Penny Woolnough,&nbsp;Louise Almond","doi":"10.1002/jip.1562","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1562","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The high number of missing person reports that occur globally each year highlights the need for research in this academically neglected field. This research focuses on establishing whether there are different scenarios or behavioural themes that consistently appear in missing person cases in Spain, which could assist the police investigation process. A representative sample of 341 missing person police reports was collated and up to 27 behaviours, which occur during the disappearance, have been codified, as well as circumstances surrounding the case. Through multidimensional scaling four behavioural themes have been identified: intentional-escape, intentional-dysfunctional, unintentional-accidental, and forced-criminal. These findings entail implications, both in terms of prevention and in the scope of police investigations. Specifically, this research is considered a key step in the development of: (a) a predictive risk assessment system for harmed or deceased outcomes, and (b) in-depth review of forced-criminal disappearances that concur with homicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"17 3","pages":"349-364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46449138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
A critical examination of Iacono and Ben-Shakhar's critique of Ginton's innovative technique for estimating polygraph CQT accuracy in real-life cases 对Iacono和Ben-Shakhar对Ginton在现实生活中估计测谎仪CQT准确性的创新技术的批评进行了批判性的审查
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-09-17 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1558
Avital Ginton
{"title":"A critical examination of Iacono and Ben-Shakhar's critique of Ginton's innovative technique for estimating polygraph CQT accuracy in real-life cases","authors":"Avital Ginton","doi":"10.1002/jip.1558","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1558","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Given the inherent difficulties in validating the comparison question polygraph test (CQT) by using a wide range of the conventional two categories of studies—field and laboratory— (NRC - The polygraph and lie detection, 2003), the innovative method presented by Ginton (Psychology, Crime &amp; Law, 2013, 19, pp. 577–594), has been considered to be a breakthrough (Raskin &amp; Kircher, 2014, Validity of polygraph techniques and decision methods. p. 82). In their recent review of the current status of polygraph validity, Iacono and Ben-Shakhar (Law &amp; Human Behavior, 2019, 43, pp. 86–98), dedicated a significant portion of their article to scrutinising that novel approach. They did applaud Ginton's innovation for the development of the new methods but criticised its outcomes to the point that nullified any contributions it might have had in dealing with the long-lasting controversy regarding the CQT validity. The present response to that critique examines their argumentations in dismissing Ginton's study point by point, indicating reliance on some speculations that had nothing to do with reality and a profound misunderstanding or misinterpreting of the data.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"17 3","pages":"296-309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44947304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Behavioural profiles and offender characteristics: Typology based on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in homicide cases 行为特征和罪犯特征:杀人案中基于人格评估量表(PAI)的类型分析
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-09-14 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1559
Jonghan Sea, Eric Beauregard, Donna Youngs
{"title":"Behavioural profiles and offender characteristics: Typology based on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in homicide cases","authors":"Jonghan Sea,&nbsp;Eric Beauregard,&nbsp;Donna Youngs","doi":"10.1002/jip.1559","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1559","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study used cluster analysis in 126 homicide cases based on Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1999). PAI was implemented by 126 homicides and then dichotomously coded for the presence or absence of cut-off PAI scale score in order to create criteria for analysis. These cases were input for the agglomerative hierarchical cluster using Ward's method as the clustering algorithm. The results of the analysis classified five clusters: “normal,” “antisocial,” “submissive-depressive,” “soma-anxiety” and “isolated.” The representative characteristics were explored and compared with five clusters. As a result, these five clusters significantly differed in various criminogenic variables, such as criminal record and imprisonment experience. But, other variables were not significantly discriminated.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"17 3","pages":"310-331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43847140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An analysis of question style and type in official Finnish asylum interview transcripts 芬兰官方庇护面谈笔录中问题风格和类型的分析
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1557
Jenny Skrifvars, Julia Korkman, Veronica Sui, Tanja van Veldhuizen, Jan Antfolk
{"title":"An analysis of question style and type in official Finnish asylum interview transcripts","authors":"Jenny Skrifvars,&nbsp;Julia Korkman,&nbsp;Veronica Sui,&nbsp;Tanja van Veldhuizen,&nbsp;Jan Antfolk","doi":"10.1002/jip.1557","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1557","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Interviews with asylum seekers are an important part of investigating the applicant's need of international protection. Few studies have examined if the questions used in interviews allow detailed and accurate narratives. In the current study, we analysed question style, question type, and question order from interviews of 80 official asylum cases realised by Finnish state authorities in 2017–2018. In accordance with best practise, questions were predominantly asked in an information-gathering style. However, four-fifths of the questions were closed questions, and one-tenth were open questions. The recommended question order was followed to a small degree. Possibilities on how to improve the quantity and the accuracy of the information elicited from the interviews are discussed. Future research should assess which type of questions that are most efficient in eliciting relevant information within the asylum context as well as investigating the accuracy of the interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"17 3","pages":"333-348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1557","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45932429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Multiple-victim parricides in South Africa, 1990–2019 1990-2019年南非多重受害者弑父案
IF 1 4区 心理学
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2020-08-03 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1555
Melanie Moen, Phillip Shon
{"title":"Multiple-victim parricides in South Africa, 1990–2019","authors":"Melanie Moen,&nbsp;Phillip Shon","doi":"10.1002/jip.1555","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1555","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous studies of homicides in South Africa have examined serial murders and mass killings. While some scholars have examined parricides in African countries such as Ghana and Zimbabwe, few have examined the intersection of parricide and multiple victim homicides in the context of South Africa. This paper examines multiple victim parricides in a South African context using newspapers and court records as data. Eighteen cases of multiple-victim parricides were identified and analysed. Our findings indicate that multiple victim parricides in South Africa are shaped by residential patterns as well as social and cultural factors that are unique to South Africa that are embodied in the offence characteristics. The implications on the findings are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":"17 3","pages":"264-279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1555","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41846032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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