Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling最新文献_第10页

Mental Reinstatement of Context: Do individual differences in mental time travel and eyewitness occupation influence eyewitness performance over different delay intervals? 情境的心理恢复:心理时间旅行和目击证人职业的个体差异是否影响目击证人在不同延迟间隔上的表现?

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1536

Karen Bangs, James H. Smith-Spark

{"title":"Mental Reinstatement of Context: Do individual differences in mental time travel and eyewitness occupation influence eyewitness performance over different delay intervals?","authors":"Karen Bangs, James H. Smith-Spark","doi":"10.1002/jip.1536","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1536","url":null,"abstract":"The Cognitive Interview is a memory-enhancing interview protocol designed to optimise the access and retrieval of eyewitness memories. Its Mental Reinstatement of Context (MRC) component requires interviewees to mentally reconstruct the crime event they witnessed. Individual differences in mental time travel (MTT) relate to the extent to which a person mentally re-experiences personal events from his or her past. Individual differences in MTT have been found to predict correct recall of a simulated crime event under immediate MRC recall conditions. To explore the relationship between MTT and performance under MRC conditions further, the present study presented a simulated crime video to 30 police officers and 26 members of the public. Eyewitness recall was tested under MRC conditions either immediately or 1 week later. Participants' general MTT and also MTT relating specifically to the crime video itself were measured via self-report. Less correct information and more confabulations were produced after 1 week, but delay had no effect on the amount of incorrect information reported. No difference in recall was found between police officers and members of the public. Better quality MTT relating to the crime video was found to be a positive predictor of the amount of information correctly recalled under immediate conditions but not after 1 week. General MTT scores did not predict correct recall under either delay condition. Interviewers need to be aware that, due to individual differences, some witnesses may perform better under the MRC component than others.","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1536","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50846027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A test of the micro-expressions training tool: Does it improve lie detection? 微表情训练工具的测试:它能提高测谎能力吗?

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-08-20 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1532

Sarah Jordan, Laure Brimbal, D. Brian Wallace, Saul M. Kassin, Maria Hartwig, Chris N.H. Street

引用次数: 22

Investigating the effects of age and gender on cowitness suggestibility during blame attribution 调查年龄和性别对归因过程中证人易受暗示的影响

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-08-20 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1533

Dara Mojtahedi, Maria Ioannou, Laura Hammond, John Synnott

{"title":"Investigating the effects of age and gender on cowitness suggestibility during blame attribution","authors":"Dara Mojtahedi, Maria Ioannou, Laura Hammond, John Synnott","doi":"10.1002/jip.1533","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1533","url":null,"abstract":"Despite a large body of research investigating the effects of age and gender on eyewitness suggestibility, the majority of studies has focussed on the impressionability of participants when attempting to recall the presence of items from an event. Very little research has attempted to investigate the effects of age and gender on the suggestibility of eyewitnesses when attempting to attribute blame. Participants (N = 268) viewed and discussed a crime (video) with cowitnesses before giving individual statements. Confederates were used to expose the participants to misinformation during the discussion, suggesting that the wrong bystander was responsible for the offence. Findings indicated that participants who encountered the misinformation were more likely to make a false blame attribution and were more confident in their erroneous judgements. The results found no significant age- or gender-related differences in blame conformity rates; however, male eyewitnesses showed greater levels of overconfidence in their false responses than female participants, after encountering cowitness misinformation.","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44052369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Born and raised to be a fraudster 生来就是个骗子

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1535

Richard G. Brody, Ryan C. Knight, Jessica N. Nunez

{"title":"Born and raised to be a fraudster","authors":"Richard G. Brody, Ryan C. Knight, Jessica N. Nunez","doi":"10.1002/jip.1535","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1535","url":null,"abstract":"Although a great deal of research has focussed on and continues to focus on fraud prevention and detection, there is still no reliable way to predict who will become a white-collar criminal/fraudster. Significant benefits would result if and when this can be done. This paper recognizes that there are many common characteristics that exist among fraudsters and investigates whether fraud can be predicted based on the psychological, sociological, and environmental state of children throughout their upbringing. Research shows that children with a negative childhood develop negative habits, emotions, and mentalities, including disorders that can linger well into their adult lives. These negative characteristics can ruin relationships and possibly even influence an individual to commit fraud. This paper provides initial evidence regarding the potential significance of some childhood characteristics that may contribute to the likelihood that someone will become a white-collar criminal. Given that no other similar research exists, this paper may help guide future researchers who are also attempting to solve this complex problem.","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50845982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

“I think you did it!”: Examining the effect of presuming guilt on the verbal output of innocent suspects during brief interviews “我认为是你干的!”:研究在简短的采访中，假设有罪对无辜嫌疑人的言语输出的影响

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1534

Shiri Portnoy, Lorraine Hope, Aldert Vrij, Pär-Anders Granhag, Karl Ask, Carly Eddy, Sara Landström

{"title":"“I think you did it!”: Examining the effect of presuming guilt on the verbal output of innocent suspects during brief interviews","authors":"Shiri Portnoy, Lorraine Hope, Aldert Vrij, Pär-Anders Granhag, Karl Ask, Carly Eddy, Sara Landström","doi":"10.1002/jip.1534","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1534","url":null,"abstract":"Innocent suspects interviewed by a guilt-presumptive versus innocence-presumptive or neutral interviewer may tend more to display non-verbal behaviours which neutral judges consider indicative of guilt. We examined the effects of interviewer's presumption of guilt on innocent mock suspects' alibis. Participants (N = 90) provided an alibi to convince an interviewer of their innocence of a theft after she implied that she believed that they were guilty or innocent or that she had no belief about their veracity. On the basis of existing conflicting findings for suspects' verbal behaviour during accusatory interviews, we predicted that alibis in the guilt-belief condition would contain the highest or lowest number of correct details with overall higher or poorer accuracy rates, respectively. Although participants perceived the interviewer's presumptive approach, the number of correct details provided and accuracy rates of alibis did not differ significantly between conditions. We propose explanations to these findings and future research paths.","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1534","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44584292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

An appraisal of investigative psychology and the applications to suspicious approaches to children in the Irish criminal justice system 调查心理学的评估和对爱尔兰刑事司法系统中儿童的可疑方法的应用

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-07-23 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1530

Padraig O'Meara, Angela Coyne, Mary Brassil

{"title":"An appraisal of investigative psychology and the applications to suspicious approaches to children in the Irish criminal justice system","authors":"Padraig O'Meara, Angela Coyne, Mary Brassil","doi":"10.1002/jip.1530","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1530","url":null,"abstract":"Policymakers have a duty to base their decision making in the best available evidence relevant to the question at hand. This paper discusses why it is important for policymakers to recognize the valuable contributions to be made from within the fields of investigative and forensic psychology and particularly to inform the process of policymaking and legislative frameworks currently in place regarding suspicious approaches to children offences in the Irish Criminal Justice System. Discrepancies between legal and psychological considerations infer potential issues with policymaking; resulting in evidence-based concerns regarding how suspicious approaches to children are handled. It is argued that in cases of suspicious approaches to children, important research is available within the fields of investigative and forensic psychology that warrants adequate consideration by policymakers. Additionally, the need for further collaboration between policymakers, researchers and front-line enforcement agencies to ensure evidence-based approaches for dealing with suspicious approaches to children and other criminal behaviours within the Irish criminal justice system is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1530","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46625703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The practice of crime linkage: A review of the literature 犯罪关联的实践:文献综述

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1531

Kari Davies, Jessica Woodhams

引用次数: 11

Language and eyewitness suggestibility 语言和目击证人易受暗示

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1529

Charlotte Alm, Nora Helmy Rehnberg, Torun Lindholm

引用次数: 5

Using baseline to diagnose internal states? Listen closely 使用基线来诊断内部状态?仔细地听着

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-03-25 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1524

Drew A. Leins

引用次数: 1

Linking property crime using offender crime scene behaviour: A comparison of methods 利用犯罪现场行为衔接财物犯罪:方法比较

IF 1 4区心理学

Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Pub Date : 2019-03-25 DOI: 10.1002/jip.1525

Matthew Tonkin, Jan Lemeire, Pekka Santtila, Jan M. Winter

{"title":"Linking property crime using offender crime scene behaviour: A comparison of methods","authors":"Matthew Tonkin, Jan Lemeire, Pekka Santtila, Jan M. Winter","doi":"10.1002/jip.1525","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jip.1525","url":null,"abstract":"This study compared the ability of seven statistical models to distinguish between linked and unlinked crimes. The seven models utilised geographical, temporal, and modus operandi information relating to residential burglaries (n = 180), commercial robberies, (n = 118), and car thefts (n = 376). Model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis and by examining the success with which the seven models could successfully prioritise linked over unlinked crimes. The regression-based and probabilistic models achieved comparable accuracy and were generally more accurate than the tree-based models tested in this study. The Logistic algorithm achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC) for residential burglary (AUC = 0.903) and commercial robbery (AUC = 0.830) and the SimpleLogistic algorithm achieving the highest for car theft (AUC = 0.820). The findings also indicated that discrimination accuracy is maximised (in some situations) if behavioural domains are utilised rather than individual crime scene behaviours and that the AUC should not be used as the sole measure of accuracy in behavioural crime linkage research.","PeriodicalId":46397,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/jip.1525","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44752644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6