Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy最新文献

{"title":"Spatio-Seasonal Distribution, Source Apportionment, and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Apodu Reservoir, Kwara State, Nigeria","authors":"Peter Mafimisebi,&nbsp;Yusuf Usmana,&nbsp;Akinbobola Ogundiran","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10023-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10023-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tropical freshwater reservoirs are vulnerable to heavy metal contamination from geogenic weathering and diffuse anthropogenic inputs, yet integrated assessments combining seasonal, spatial, source, and health-risk dimensions remain scarce in Nigeria. This study quantified six heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb) in surface water from Apodu Reservoir, Kwara State, Nigeria. Sixty-one samples were collected across wet (May 2024) and dry (February 2025) seasons from inflow, transitional, and lacustrine zones. Concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry and analysed using paired t-tests, Moran’s I, Getis-Ord General G, principal component analysis (PCA), and USEPA health risk indices. All concentrations fell below WHO and NSDWQ drinking-water guideline limits. Wet-season Fe and Mn were significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 after Bonferroni correction), consistent with reductive dissolution of Fe/Mn oxyhydroxides and catchment flushing. No significant spatial autocorrelation was detected (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), indicating broadly uniform, non-clustered distributions. PCA tentatively indicated mixed geogenic and diffuse anthropogenic controls, with no single dominant source resolvable. Non-carcinogenic risk was minimal (HI &lt; 1) for both age groups. Arsenic alone exceeded the 1 × 10⁻⁴ carcinogenic threshold (ILCR = 1.155 × 10⁻⁴, children; 1.135 × 10⁻⁴, adults), while Cr, Cd, and Pb remained within the acceptable 10⁻⁶–10⁻⁴ range. Combined ΣILCR reached 1.996 × 10⁻⁴ (children) and 1.891 × 10⁻⁴ (adults) under conservative upper-bound assumptions, exceeding the threshold cumulatively. These findings establish a quantitative baseline for Apodu Reservoir and a transferable framework for tropical reservoirs across sub-Saharan Africa facing similar diffuse inputs and censored trace-metal data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Spatio-Temporal Patterns and Mechanisms of Intangible Cultural Heritage on Social Media","authors":"Hongying Zhu,&nbsp;Youliang Chen,&nbsp;Yishi Zhang,&nbsp;Junfeng Kang,&nbsp;Lei Fang,&nbsp;Hanzheng Sun,&nbsp;Juan Peng","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10018-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10018-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The digital engagement of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) exhibits a generalizable spatiotemporal structure characterized by a core–cluster–corridor pattern anchored in urban centers and cultural nodes. Spatial patterns reflect tourism development, transportation networks, river systems, and policy orientation. Temporally, ICH-related online visibility aligns with national cultural policy shifts and peaks in digital engagement, reflecting simultaneous increases in frequency and geographic reach. We validate these patterns through a case study of Jiangxi Province, China, using 14 years of geotagged Sina Weibo data. Employing an Integrated Spatiotemporal Distribution Analysis Framework (ISDAF), we examine spatial concentration and identify four temporal inflection points. Our findings highlight the mutually reinforcing roles of tourism and policy in shaping ICH digital dissemination structures, offering strategic insights for integrating heritage preservation with sustainable tourism planning in the digital era.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban–Rural and Regional Inequalities in the Accessibility of Tiered Public Hospitals in Chongqing, China: A Comprehensive Assessment of Physician and Bed Resources","authors":"Chao Tan,&nbsp;Wenliang Zhang,&nbsp;Ran Zheng,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Caizhi Tang,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Xingshu Chen,&nbsp;Zhuolin Tao","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10020-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10020-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The accessibility of medical facilities is directly related to the quality of residents’ lives and has attracted increasing attention from both researchers and policymakers. However, previous studies have paid little attention to urban–rural inequalities in the accessibility of tiered public hospitals in superlarge cities and fail to provide a comprehensive assessment that integrates both physician and bed resources. With Chongqing, China, as the study area, this study applied the Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area (G2SFCA) method to measure the car-based potential accessibility of tiered public hospitals, with both physician and bed resources accounted for. The Dagum Gini coefficient was employed to decompose the urban–rural and regional inequalities in medical accessibility. The results show that, within each hospital grade, the average accessibility of the city proper of Chongqing is greater than that of other regions for both bed-based and physician-based measures. In contrast, the average accessibility of the Wuling Mountain Area in Southeast Chongqing exceeds that of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Northeast Chongqing only for Grade III hospitals (both bed-based and physician-based) and for bed-based accessibility of Grade II hospitals, when the regions are compared within the same hospital grade. Bed-based and physician-based accessibility are significantly positively correlated at the subdistrict/township level, with Pearson coefficients of 0.982, 0.913, and 0.620 for Grade III, Grade II, and Grade I/ungraded public hospitals, respectively, indicating a hierarchical gradient of increasing spatial consistency with the hospital level. The primary source of inequality varies by hospital grade and resource type. Urban–rural inequality is dominant for Grade II hospitals, whereas interregional inequality is more pronounced for physician-based accessibility in Grade III and Grade I/ungraded hospitals. This study concludes that, for each hospital grade in Chongqing’s public hospitals, the city proper of Chongqing exhibit higher average bed‑based and physician‑based accessibility. Spatial consistency between bed‑based and physician‑based accessibility declines for lower‑grade hospitals. Furthermore, the dominant source of accessibility inequality shifts between urban–rural and interregional dimensions, depending on hospital grade and resource type. This study challenges the conventional assumption that urban–rural inequality is universally the primary contradiction, demonstrating that healthcare inequality is a multidimensional phenomenon shaped jointly by facility hierarchy, the resource dimension, and spatial partitioning, thereby providing a more nuanced analytical framework for understanding spatial inequality in healthcare resources. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-026-10020-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Dimensions of Environmental Justice in Post-Socialist Urban Geographies: Evidence from Traffic Noise Analysis in Warsaw","authors":"Piotr Szumski,&nbsp;Jakub Rok","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10003-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10003-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental justice research has consistently shown that socially disadvantaged populations are often disproportionately exposed to traffic noise in cities worldwide, particularly across North America and Western Europe. However, it remains unclear whether similar patterns also characterize cities in the CEE region, given their historically divergent development trajectories. Using Warsaw as a case study, this article examines how the interaction between a distinctive post-socialist urban legacy and contemporary urban processes is reflected in patterns of distributive environmental injustice. Beyond testing for the existence of inequality, the study adopts a spatially-focused perspective by combining spatial regression with neighbourhood segmentation analysis, enabling the identification of socio-spatial contexts in which environmental justice concerns are most likely to arise and providing a framework for more place-sensitive policy interventions. More broadly, the study situates the Warsaw case within the historical and geographical context of post-socialist urban development, contributing to the emerging debate on environmental justice in Central and Eastern European cities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-026-10003-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Township-Level Framework for Assessing Social Vulnerability in a Multi-Ethnic Area: Evidence from Lushan, Southwest China","authors":"Lu Gan,&nbsp;Leqi Zhou,&nbsp;Shan Yang,&nbsp;Xia Liao,&nbsp;Jiangjun Wan","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10021-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10021-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multi-ethnic areas often involve diverse demographic and social characteristics, which may create additional challenges for disaster vulnerability assessment and governance. However, existing research has paid relatively little attention to the social vulnerability of multi-ethnic areas. Therefore, this study constructs an integrated framework for assessing social vulnerability in multi-ethnic areas. This framework combines the Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI) with the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) methods to assess township-level variations in social vulnerability within a multi-ethnic area and the influence relationships among its dimensions. The framework was applied to a case study in Lushan County, southwestern China. The results show that areas with lower social vulnerability are concentrated in the county center - Luyang Subdistrict, while areas with higher social vulnerability are distributed around it. The DEMATEL analysis shows that socioeconomic status has the highest centrality (D + <i>R</i> = 9.644), while its net influence is close to zero (D - <i>R</i> = 0.032). Ethnic composition shows the strongest net influencing tendency (D - <i>R</i> = 1.528), followed by age structure (D - <i>R</i> = 0.946). Emergency and governance capacity has the strongest net influenced position (D - <i>R</i> = -1.732). The ISM analysis further reveals hierarchical relationships among the vulnerability dimensions based on expert judgments. These results indicate that social vulnerability involves interconnected demographic, socioeconomic, service, and governance dimensions. They also provide a context-specific reference for differentiated governance in multi-ethnic areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Framework for Eco-Industrial Park Siting in Syria’s Reconstruction: A Case Study in the Coastal Region","authors":"Tarek Rahmoun,&nbsp;Sham Mahmoud,&nbsp;Yunyan LI","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10017-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10017-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Eco-industrial parks (EIPs) offer a strategic means to merge industrial symbiosis principles into post-conflict reconstruction; however, their adoption in Syria remains largely unexplored. To address this gap, this research introduces a replicable methodology for EIP site selection in Akkar Plain, located in Syria’s southern coastal region, thereby advancing the broader discourse on integrating EIPs into reconstruction policy. This study combines Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and utilises both quantitative and qualitative methods. A literature review and expert focus group identified 12 site selection criteria, which were then classified and weighted through AHP pairwise comparisons, and synthesized using weighted overlay analysis. Following this, the suitability map was divided into five zones, from least to most suitable. Key findings include: (1) geographical and environmental criteria were most significant, accounting for 39% of the total site selection weight; (2) the most influential sub-criteria were proximity to settlements and major roads, as well as slope and elevation, each weighted between 11.5% and 20.5%; (3) the analysis identified 3.83 km² of highly suitable land (suitability index &gt; 80%), with ~ 150 ha concentrated in the northeastern sector, and 34.29 km² classified as suitable, while avoidance zones comprise 66.5% of the effective study area; (4) the optimal site aligns with the Regional Plan 2040 development vision, supporting desired industrial symbiosis. These findings provide planning decision-makers with an evidence-based, defensible tool for EIP site selection in data-limited, post-conflict contexts. Thus, it facilitates the balanced integration of environmental, economic, and social priorities in sustainable industrial development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Nodes and Urban Evolution: A GIS-Based Assessment of the Spatial Drivers of Settlement Growth in Bangalore City","authors":"Sandipta Das,&nbsp;Dhanaraj K,&nbsp;Sangita Das","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10005-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10005-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bangalore possesses a long and layered historical legacy of the spatial distribution of inscriptions, temples, mosques, churches, historic structures, and other cultural landmarks. Although the exact morphology of earlier urban landscapes cannot always be directly traced due to limited cartographic evidence. The spatial configuration of these historical nodes provides critical proxies for understanding past settlement patterns. Most often, the city’s layers are composed of its past superimposed and juxtaposed with new development. Using an HGIS (Historical Geographic Information System) framework, the present study is trying to reconstruct the possible zones of early habitation in Bangalore by analysing the spatial concentration, clustering, and directional trends of historical structures and heritage buildings from 700 CE to 1950 CE (from the ancient Western Ganga Dynasty - Colonial - British modern era). The study used HGIS and statistical techniques such as mean center, standard distance, standard deviational ellipse, Average Nearest Neighbour, Kernel density, and variable buffer model to examine how these nodes were distributed across different historical periods and subsequent expansion corridors. The study demarcates probable settlement areas and interprets how cultural, religious, and administrative anchors structured the continuing urban evolution of Bangalore through spatial statistical techniques. The findings suggest that the colonial period’s administrative and infrastructural developments possibly contribute to the increasing concentration of urban growth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Heterogeneity and Driving Mechanisms of Construction and Demolition Waste Generation Efficiency: Provincial Evidence from China","authors":"Zhenshuang Wang,&nbsp;Yufei Wang,&nbsp;Danyang Liu,&nbsp;Ying Chen,&nbsp;Zhikang Bao","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10000-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10000-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Construction and demolition waste generation efficiency (CDWGE) is a critical indicator for assessing the capacity of cities and regions to advance sustainable urban development, circular construction, and zero-waste city transitions. Understanding its spatiotemporal evolution and associated factors can support evidence-based urban governance and differentiated policy design. This study investigates the spatiotemporal heterogeneity, regional disparities, spatial transitions, and driving mechanisms of CDWGE across China from 2005 to 2023. A super-efficient SBM-DDF model is first employed to measure CDWGE, followed by the Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition, kernel density estimation, spatial Markov chains, and the geographical detector model to reveal its dynamic evolution and influencing factors. The results show that China’s overall CDWGE improved during the study period, suggesting progress in construction and demolition waste management performance and resource efficiency. However, regional growth rates varied considerably, following the pattern of central &gt; western &gt; northeast &gt; eastern, indicating differentiated pathways toward sustainable construction and demolition waste management. At the provincial level, CDWGE displayed a relatively balanced but clustered spatial distribution, with evidence of club convergence. Regional disparities widened over time, with transvariation density contributing most to the overall inequality. The spatial Markov results further reveal path dependence and neighbourhood effects, suggesting that provincial CDWGE transitions are associated not only with local conditions but also with the states of neighbouring regions. Among the driving factors, technological innovation shows the strongest explanatory power for the spatial differentiation of CDWGE, while factor interactions mainly exhibit two-factor enhancement and nonlinear enhancement effects. These findings contribute to sustainable cities research by providing a spatial decision-support framework for identifying priority regions, strengthening interregional collaboration, and designing differentiated policies to advance the achievement of zero-waste cities and circular urban development in developing countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Homeownership Rates among Migrants: Changes in the Process of Mobility Transition in China","authors":"Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Liyue Lin,&nbsp;Tingting Li,&nbsp;Yu Zhu,&nbsp;Wenqian Ke","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10013-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10013-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Homeownership rates among migrants in China have grown rapidly in recent years, driven by diversified migration and policy development. However, how homeownership rates change under the ongoing mobility transition remains insufficiently understood. This study addresses this gap using data from the 2011 and 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey. Employing the Fairlie non-linear decomposition method, we examine migrants with varied socioeconomic characteristics and migration patterns to identify the factors associated with homeownership rates. Results show that the homeownership rates among migrants in their destination cities more than doubled during this period, increasing from 8.97% to 19.41%. Higher household income and education, longer residence, family-oriented migration, willingness to integrate, nonagricultural <i>hukou</i>, and public sector employment are positively associated with homeownership, while migrants in provincial capitals or municipalities are less likely to own housing. Decomposition results further indicate that family-oriented, long-term migration, and improvements in migrants’ socioeconomic status make the largest contributions, highlighting the growing importance of mobility transition. These results will advance our theoretical understanding of the migration-housing nexus in transitional societies, with policy implications for integrating migrants into urban housing markets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Road-Closure Stress Testing of Essential-Service Accessibility in Yemen","authors":"Dmitry Erokhin","doi":"10.1007/s12061-026-10012-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-026-10012-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Road disruption can change access to basic services even when the services themselves remain in place. This study develops a national network stress test for Yemen using OpenStreetMap road extract and WorldPop constrained population surface. Demand is represented by 8,460 population-weighted grid cells covering 41.18 million people and linked to mapped markets, health facilities, and fuel stations. The study then evaluates five stylized closure mechanisms at 1%, 5%, 10%, and 20% of simplified physical road links, including random removal, spatially clustered removal, major-road targeting, access-betweenness targeting, and exact-bridge targeting. At 1% random removal, the mean newly disconnected population share across services is 1.12%, indicating a shallow low-intensity response. The most disruptive mechanism depends on closure intensity. Exact bridges produce the largest disconnection at 1% closure (15.65% across services), access-betweenness targeting at 5% (35.28%), and major-road targeting at 10% and 20% (49.65% and 65.04%). Among people who remain connected, rerouting is highest under major-road targeting at 1% and 5%. At higher intensities, connected-only delay becomes non-monotonic because disconnected users no longer remain in that distribution. Spatial closures look modest in national averages but impose severe local losses. At 1% closure, 2.01% of the national population is newly disconnected, compared with 59.64% of the population within 25 km of the closure center and 93.95% within the realized closure footprint. These findings show that national averages should be complemented by local exposure measures when assessing road-network vulnerability and prioritizing access-sensitive recovery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12061-026-10012-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148965520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}