American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis最新文献

{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Stephen Lankton","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2105082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2105082","url":null,"abstract":"As this issue of the American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis (AJCH) goes to press, I am again reminded of how frequently the concepts of hypnosis and treatment are conflated. To spell this out more specifically, many professionals in the United States and outside our country either have a mental shorthand for therapeutic communication and treatment conducted during hypnosis or think hypnosis is, by itself, a treatment intervention. The former may seem somewhat understandable, especially when speaking to other well-informed therapists. For those situations, our colleagues know that hypnosis is used as a context in which our therapeutic communication and interventions are delivered. So, the casual comment, “I used hypnosis to treat four patients today,” should convey the idea that treatment was conducted with four patients who were in hypnosis (or in a hypnotic trance, or in a trance state, etc., depending on your customary manner of stating it). However, the statement should not carry the meaning that hypnosis was the treatment intervention used. Hypnosis is not a treatment. To imply such would be the equivalent of a surgeon or dentist saying, “Today I used general anesthesia to treat four patients.” Surely, no intelligent listener would assume that a surgery or extractions occurred because of the anesthesia. One would assume there must have been a medical or dental intervention following the alteration of consciousness created by the anesthesia. However, we must not assume that listeners, whether they are clients, patients, the lay public, or trained professionals, make a similar leap of understanding when they hear, “I treated them with hypnosis.” Furthermore, authors attempting to share successful case reports and describe research procedures fall short in their manuscripts with such truncated descriptions as, “hypnosis was used.” AJCH is a hypnosis journal: As readers, we understand that treatment is being conducted in the context of hypnosis. And, we understand that research is studying the efficacy of interventions being delivered during hypnosis (and often compared to the same interventions delivered without hypnosis). Nevertheless, it should be clearly stated that therapy is the result of communicating the intervention process during hypnosis. Manuscripts should not take short cuts or use colloquialisms that might convey to readers the idea that hypnosis was the intervention. Hypnosis is a context that can be used to present or deliver therapeutic communications and thoughtful interventions. I frequently explain this idea as follows: Assembling people in a group is not therapy; talking to a family gathering is not therapy; talking face to face to a person is not therapy; talking to someone in hypnosis is not therapy. These are simply various contexts for communicating with others. And in any of these contexts, therapeutic communication and treatment interventions can be delivered. When that is accomplished, professionals refer to the event a","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33489129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern and traditional trance language: a comparison.","authors":"Sarah Karrasch,&nbsp;Johanna Alisa Jung,&nbsp;Suchithra Varadarajan,&nbsp;Iris-Tatjana Kolassa,&nbsp;Walter Bongartz","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2072703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2072703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study compares the effects of two trance texts using different language patterns, i.e., <i>modern trance language</i> (MTL) characterized by indirect suggestions as well as narrative style and <i>traditional trance language</i> (TTL) found in traditional societies (e.g., Navajo, San, Aranda aborigines, etc.) that uses multiple repetitions along with narrative sequences. The Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI) was used to evaluate the effects of both texts regarding cognition, emotion, physical experience, and trance depth. In this randomized controlled online study, 178 participants were assigned either to the MTL group or to the TTL group. The PCI and other tests (e.g. Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory) were presented to the participants before and after listening to the hypnosis audio of the respective trance text. There were no significant differences between groups concerning trance depth, emotional, and physical experience. However, on the cognitive-imaginative level it was shown that the TTL group experienced more imaginations (PCI-subdimension \"visual imagery,\" <i>p</i> = .009, <i>d</i> = 0.38) and less cognitive activity (PCI-subdimension \"inner dialogue,\" <i>p</i> = .002, <i>d</i> = 0.40) than the MTL group. The results indicate that TTL increases imagery and decreases cognitive activity to a larger extent than MTL. This further indicates the potential of TTL to facilitate more vivid and intensive trance experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40408742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of hypnosis on pain and anxiety in dentistry: Narrative review.","authors":"Julio José Silva,&nbsp;Joyce Da Silva,&nbsp;Luiz Felipe Souza,&nbsp;Danúbia Sá-Caputo,&nbsp;Celia Martins Cortez,&nbsp;Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos,&nbsp;Mário Bernardo-Filho","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2021.2005528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2021.2005528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypnosis presents an auxiliary adjunct in medical, dental, physiotherapeutic, and other clinical fields. This narrative review verified the effect of hypnosis in the control of pain and anxiety in dentistry. It presents the importance and effectiveness of hypnosis to aid dental procedures. It´s use in dentistry allows a wide range of applications such as sedation, analgesia, anesthesia, and hemostasis to facilitate treatment and improve the experience of dental care for dental patients. A discussion about the regulation of hypnosis in dentistry in Brazil, the attributions of dentists qualified in hypnosis, as well as the benefits of application based on evidence of hypnosis in dentistry, and the need for certification by hypnosis practitioners due to the possible risks inherent to the use of hypnosis are presented. Hypnosis is useful in the management of pain and anxiety in dentistry, when the dental practitioner is adequately experienced in this modality and the patients are carefully selected.</p>","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39578888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypnotizability and psychopathology of patients with personality disorders.","authors":"Anna Dominika Kaczmarska,&nbsp;Michał Mielimąka,&nbsp;Krzysztof Rutkowski","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2081125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2081125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessment of hypnotizability is useful in research and predicting the effects of hypnosis in clinical practice. There are few contemporary scientific reports examining the relationship between hypnotizability and psychopathological personality dimensions. The current study explores the connections between abnormal personality in psychiatric patients and the hypnotizability level. Fifty-five patients with anxiety and personality disorders who previously completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) were invited to undergo the Elkins Hypnotizability Scale - Clinical Form (EHS-CF). The hypnotizability scores comprise a normal distribution but shifted toward low scores. Twenty-seven patients were included in the low hypnotizability (LOW) group, and 28 patients in the medium to high (MID-HIGH) group. The number of participants with high scores on the Psychopathic Deviate and Paranoia MMPI-2 clinical scales was significantly higher in the LOW than in the MID-HIGH group. Patterns of associations between hypnotizability and psychopathology differed in the two groups. The results indicate that moderate hypnotizability should be considered a normal trait that has no meaningful relationship with psychopathology, but certain dysfunctional symptoms of personality disorders may entail resistance and a defensive attitude toward the hypnotherapy, resulting in a tendency to obtain lower hypnotizability.</p>","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40475611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does hypnosis result in greater weight loss compared to conventional approach?","authors":"Nurul Afiedia Roslim,&nbsp;Aryati Ahmad,&nbsp;Mardiana Mansor,&nbsp;Myat Moe Thwe Aung,&nbsp;Farrahdilla Hamzah,&nbsp;Mohd Razif Shahril,&nbsp;Pei Lin Lua","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2021.2010642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2021.2010642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypnosis has been increasingly used in recent years as an alternative treatment to maintain well-being. Yet, limited evidence is available regarding its role in weight management, especially in Malaysia. Hence, this quasi-experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of hypnosis on weight loss and body composition (body mass index, waist circumference and body fat percentage) among staff and students of a public university in Terengganu, Malaysia. Participants with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25.0 kg/m² were randomly assigned to either intervention group (IG = 53) or control group (CG = 54), for 12 weeks. All participants received health education (diet + exercise + behavioral recommendations) with those in IG had additional three hypnotherapy sessions, once a month. Body weight was measured at week 1, 7, and 12 while body compositions were measured at weeks 1 and 12. Descriptive, univariate, and repeated-measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were utilized. A total of 104 participants completed the trial (mean age = 26.28 ± 8.01; female = 82.2%; BMI = 31.39 ± 4.89). A significant weight loss was observed in the intervention (-4.61%) and control (-3.04%) groups (mean difference = -1.57; 95%CI: -2.59, -0.54; <i>p</i> = .003) after 12 weeks. Participants that frequently practiced self-hypnosis lost more weight (-6.27%; t(50) = -5.331, <i>p</i> < .001). Body fat percentage and waist circumference did not significantly change from baseline in both groups. Essentially, the positive outcomes indicated the promising potential of hypnosis as an alternative tool in facilitating weight loss efforts for those in need.</p>","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39578889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the international hypnosis literature","authors":"Shelagh Freedman, Ian E. Wickramasekera","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2105616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2105616","url":null,"abstract":"This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the use of hypnosis, music, and hypnosis with music to help terminally ill individuals with their pain, anxiety, sleep, and well-being. Randomized Controlled Trials and non-randomized studies with a pre-post design that described their protocol were used. A total of 11 studies (5 RCT), with a total of 579 participants met the inclusion criteria. Analysis of the pre-post design studies indicated promising results for pain, anxiety, sleep, and well-being. The meta-analysis of RCT showed a significant decrease in pain (effect size −0.42), but there were not enough studies (4) for an analysis of the effects on other variables of interest. It is of note that this effect was largely driven by one study that combined hypnosis and music. Several studies had difficulty recruiting and retaining participants. The authors suggest that research and interventions involving the terminally ill, should pay particular attention to the duration of the intervention and the length of the sessions. Further research is needed to better understand the how to optimize these favorable benefits. The use of hypnosis and music during palliative care has minimal risk or side effects, and the potential to improve life quality. Address for reprints: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Université Montréal, Québec, The authors present a review of the evidence for various forms of psychosocial interventions to help patients with dental anxiety. Patients can present with mild to severe forms of dental anxiety that not only make treating them more difficult but also stop some patients from seeking treatment that they may urgently need. The authors identified a number of promising interventions such as hypnosis, relaxation, biofeedback, and psychotherapy that have demonstrated some evidence for their efficacy with patients who have difficulties with dental anxiety. The authors aimed to quantify the efficacy of using hypnosis for pain in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain and/or neuropathic pain. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, Randomized Control Trials that used hypnosis and/or self-hypnosis to manage pain, and severe inflammatory response with blisters leading to additional skin and eye damage, as well as damage to the lungs in some cases. Burn patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis suffer from additional trauma in their recovery and it is commonly thought by medical providers that they also suffer from difficulties with self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and PTSD. The authors wished to see if any research had reported successful results with psychotherapy for burn patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis, given the severe quality of life problems that these patients face in their recovery. The authors were unable to find even one quantitative or qualitative study examining the use of any form of psychotherapy for the treatment of these burn pa","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46252287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pauline in catalepsy and psycho therapeutics: Pauline’s own lessons in catalepsy and the law of suggestion","authors":"Eric K. Willmarth","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2105081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2105081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46244321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing children’s lives with hypnosis: A journey to the center","authors":"Eric K. Willmarth","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2105079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2105079","url":null,"abstract":"In Changing Children’s Lives with Hypnosis, Dr. Ran Anbar has provided a book that is far more than the title suggests. The book is very personal, insightful, practical, and challenging. While not designed as a textbook, it could be certainly used for that purpose both by those who work with children, but also by anyone interested in the power of hypnosis as a context for intervention. Throughout the book, Dr. Anbar “beats the drum” for the use of hypnosis and the need to increase the use of hypnosis to enhance interventions that may avoid painful, costly, and often ineffective alternatives. His advocacy for the use of hypnosis is supported both by dozens of anecdotal stories, as well as numerous scientific references. The book is organized into 5 Parts and 23 Chapters. These include Part I: The Power of Hypnosis; Part II: The Power of Words; Part III: The Power of the Subconscious; Part IV: The Power of the Spirit; and Part V: Hypnosis Principles in Action. Written with an audience of both professional therapists and parents in mind, each of the first 21 chapters concludes with a section entitled “What You Can Do On Your Own,” which includes practical suggestions for parents hoping to help their children. Examples include suggestions to stay calm, encourage imagination, and listen actively. The book is intensely personal. Not only does Dr. Anbar provide a great deal of information about his own journey in the field of hypnosis (and medicine), but he also lets us meet Paul, Teddy, Kayla, Bruce, Eric, Emily, Ian, Elise Scott, and dozens of other children and young adults who found success in learning to use techniques and skills to improve their situation. Even those children who do not survive to see adulthood, demonstrate the power that hypnotically informed interventions can have to relieve anxiety and improve the quality of life. Along the way, Dr. Anbar promotes the importance of empowering the child in learning hypnosis, designing treatment strategies, and striving for independence. This book will introduce you to Paul, the patient who helped the author discover applications for hypnosis and who was key to several insights that formed Dr. Anbar’s current practice. While Paul appears and reappears throughout the book, dozens of other children appear in brief case histories, each as a key example of what can be accomplished even by patients with severe medical conditions. Dr. Anbar shares examples from over 20 years of clinical experience and, along the way, shares personal insights, opinions, concerns, hopes, and fears. He includes key advice about the importance of words, positive attitude, intentions, and especially the power of the subconscious. In the end, I believe that it would be difficult for the reader not to feel inspired and motivated to engage in the effort to promote the use of hypnosis in pediatric care. I strongly recommend this book not only for practitioners involved with pediatric patients, but also for anyone wanting a bett","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45351314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In medio stat virtus: The importance of studying mediums in hypnosis research.","authors":"Rinaldo Livio Perri","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2020.1859980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2020.1859980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most of the experimental investigations on hypnosis used to compare small samples of individuals with low or high responsiveness to hypnosis by systematically excluding medium responders. The present article underlines the limitations of this methodological approach that may have partially weakened the scientific impact of hypnosis research. In fact, the mediums-neglecting bias might be one of the reasons why some investigations suffer from low replicability and generalizability. Themes such as hypnotizability scales, suggestibility, statistical power, and research design are critically reviewed with the aim of proposing a more rigorous approach that boost up impact and reliability of hypnosis research. In particular, the recruitment of medium hypnotizables and the adoption of a within-instead of a between-subjects design currently seem to be some of the best recommendations for strengthening hypnosis research, as well as to renew the dialogue between clinical and experimental hypnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39600704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hypnosis on psychophysiological measures: A scoping literature review.","authors":"Aurore Fernandez,&nbsp;Leah Urwicz,&nbsp;Patrik Vuilleumier,&nbsp;Chantal Berna","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2021.1873099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2021.1873099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exploring psychophysiological changes during hypnosis can help to better understand the nature and extent of the hypnotic phenomenon by characterizing its influence on the autonomic nervous system (ANS), in addition to its central brain effects. Hypnosis is thought to induce a relaxation response, yet studies using objective psychophysiological measures alongside hypnosis protocols show various results. We review this literature and clarify the effects of hypnosis on psychophysiological indices of ANS activity and more specifically of the stress/relaxation response, such as heart rate variability and electrodermal activity. Studies reporting psychophysical measures during hypnosis were identified by a series of Pubmed searches. Data was extracted with an interest for the influence of hypnotizability and effects of specific suggestions or tasks on the findings. We found 49 studies comprising 1315 participants, 45 concerning healthy volunteers and only 4 on patients. Sixteen compared high vs. low hypnotizable people; 30 measured heart rate, 18 measured heart rate variability, 25 electrodermal activity, and 23 respiratory signals as well as other physiological parameters. Globally, results converge to show reductions in sympathetic responses and/or increases in parasympathetic tone under hypnosis. Several methodological limitations are underscored, such as older studies (N = 16) using manual analyses, small sample sizes (<30, N = 31), as well as uncontrolled multiple comparisons. Nevertheless, we confirm that hypnosis leads to a physiological relaxation response and highlight promising avenues for this research. Suggestions are made for guiding future work in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39600703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}