American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis最新文献

{"title":"The aim of clinical hypnosis—intelligence or compliance?","authors":"Dan Short","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2039637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2039637","url":null,"abstract":"The turn of the century brought with it a mini-revolution in the cognitive sciences. Equipped with impressive new technology and methodology, researchers are now able to systematically observe and measure unconscious processes, resulting in what Hassin, Uleman, and Bargh (2004) call the New Unconscious. While some scholars, such as Rodolfa and Schaffer (2021), argue against the underlying assumption of “the existence of the unconscious as a specific and modifiable entity” (p. 293), the well-established use of hypnosis to mediate goal-oriented processes, without conscious oversight (e.g., post-hypnotic suggestion), implicates the involvement of higher cognition (i.e., evaluating circumstances and implementing goal-oriented behavior). Though we could attribute these automatic behaviors (that are novel, purposeful, and contextually relevant) to the conscious intelligence of an external operator (absolute compliance), it is doubtful that enough instructions from a therapist could be offered to cover every possible contingency associated with a complex life problem. If experts define intelligence as the creative use of knowledge to overcome problems (Kaufman, 2013), then might the creative use of suggestion to solve problems (without conscious involvement) be recognized as unconscious intelligence? This brings us to Milton Erickson who was one of the first to argue that the therapeutic agency of hypnosis cannot rest entirely on compliance with suggestion. Instead, Erickson emphasized the importance of achieving an inner re-synthesis of the patient’s behavior (self-organizing change) as achieved by the patient him or herself (see Lankton, 2020; Short, 2021a). Another important innovator in hypnosis, Theodore Sarbin, similarly argued that the future of hypnosis depends on redefining hypnosis as a dialogue in which patients participate as agents of their actions, rather than as objects of suggestion (Sarbin, 1999). In other words, intelligence and a sense of internal agency are more crucial to individual thriving than is compliance. If the use of suggestion is to be redefined as an ancillary element in clinical hypnosis, then we need to recognize and develop strategies for use as primary therapeutic devices. More specifically, can hypnosis activate intelligent mental operations that are not dependent on conscious intention? And if so, what are the limits of this special intelligence? To address questions about the relevance of hypnosis within the rapidly evolving fields of cognitive neuroscience and clinical psychology, I enlisted the help of leading researchers and clinicians who have shared their perspectives, research, and recommendations for applied practice. In this special issue, we include five articles addressing the potentials of unconscious intelligence. This discussion begins with a cross-disciplinary review of literature on unconscious intelligence and the implications for hypnosis.","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"64 1","pages":"283 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48106549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the international hypnosis literature","authors":"Shelagh Freedman, Ian E. Wickramasekera","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2063595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2063595","url":null,"abstract":"This up-to-date review presents the many advantages of using hypnosis for pre-surgery preparation. Every patient needs to be physically and psychologically prepared before an operation. This preparation can help achieve maximum benefit from the surgery. Psychological factors impact the physiological and clinical status of a patient. The empirical present many potential uses and benefits of incorporating hypnosis in the sports industry. After reviewing the history of hypnosis, the authors examine its applications in sports. Athletes, especially elite athletes, have many unique stresses and psychological factors are often a determining factor for top performance. Hypnosis can help increase the effectiveness of techniques used to control anxiety and manage stress. It been found useful for athletes in efforts dealing with injuries, homesickness, burnout, and performance pressures. It is also a valuable for helping improve techniques used Preeclampsia is a serious condition, marked by high blood pressure, which can occur during pregnancy. Since perceived stress is a cause of preeclampsia, this study tested the effects of hypnosis on perceived stressed in pregnant women (32–28 weeks gestation) hospitalized with preeclampsia. The forty women who received interventions using hypnosis and were compared to 40 women who received routine pregnancy care only. The intervention consisted of three 30-minute sessions of stress reduction techniques during hypnosis over three consecutive nights, and self-hypnosis training. The pregnant women in the intervention group were taught pro-gressive muscle relaxation, and the hypnosis involved the “acceptance or lack of aversion and attachment to life issues and release from entering the vicious cycle of problems.” Suggestions for vasodilation and lower blood pressure were also given. The women in the intervention group repeated the exercise with audio CD at night before bed. While no differences were found between the groups’ pre-intervention, using hypnosis was found to enhance the reduction of perceived stress. The authors conclude that hypnosis is a simple, low-cost, effective method for delivering intervention that can lower perceived stress in women with preeclampsia. for prospective This study examined the use of suggestions delivered during hypnosis to lessen anxiety associated with an angiography. A coronary angiography is used to diagnosis coronary artery disease, however, both the procedure and the possibility of discovering disease are sources of anxiety. Here, 169 patients requiring their first, non-urgent angiography were split into two groups. The control group (84) had a conversational meeting with a hypnotist, while the intervention group participated in a hypnosis session in their hospital room right before leaving for the angiography unit. The hypnosis session involved post-hypnotic suggestions for self-hypnosis in the angiography so the patients could manage their potential anxiety and pain. State and t","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"65 1","pages":"76 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47556111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"American Society of Clinical Hypnosis scientific meetings and workshops: March 3–6, 2022 keynote sessions","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2039691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2039691","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"64 1","pages":"373 - 374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43950031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expressing unconscious general knowledge using Chevreul's pendulum.","authors":"Gyorgy Moga,&nbsp;Zoltan Dienes","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2021.2010641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2021.2010641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Can unconscious knowledge be elicited by ideomotor action when the knowledge fails to be elicited by verbal reports? Using an Ouija board, previous research found ideomotor action produced substantial accuracy for general knowledge questions previously rated as pure \"guesses,\" and for which later verbal reports produced accuracy close to chance. We replicated the procedure substituting Chevreul's pendulum rather than an Ouija board. We found that questions whose answer was previously rated as a guess, were answered equally well and at about chance levels by ideomotor action and verbal responses. Thus, one cannot presume that ideomotor action rather than verbal report will allow greater knowledge to be expressed in any particular context, including therefore the hypnotherapy one. An ideomotor action may elicit only conscious knowledge. Further research is recommended to clarify this important issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"64 4","pages":"306-315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39938431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of 2021 poster session from the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis 2021 annual meeting","authors":"Eric K. Willmarth","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2039683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2039683","url":null,"abstract":"In an ongoing effort to create a culture of research within the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (ASCH), the Society has encouraged the development of an active Poster Session at the Annual Scientific Meeting and Workshops. In support of this, arrangements were made with the American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis to publish the abstracts from the Posters, which were selected for presentation at the 63 rd Annual Meeting and Workshops. This was a fully on-line event due to COVID-19. Following a Call for Posters, a committee comprised of Eric Willmarth, Ph.D., Louis Damis, Ph.D. and David Reid, Psy.D. selected the Posters to be displayed on the ASCH Website both during and after the Scientific Meeting and Workshops. Presented here are the Titles, Authors, and Abstracts from the selected Posters. active body movement, with eyes open. It has been demonstrated and verified that suggest-ibility within AAH is comparable to that achieved by TH. Certain advantages of AAH are explored, as well as cautions. Educational objectives can be categorized by their domain of learning. These domains include affective, cognitive, and psychomotor. This work examines what percentage of the current Standards of Training in Clinical Hypnosis (SOTCH) used by the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (ASCH) belongs to each of these three categories. The utility of such an examination is to aid and inform future curricular revision. The findings of this work are that the current curriculum strongly favors the cognitive domain, utilizes the psychomotor domain, and all but ignores the affective domain. The review of the literature was conducted in order to investigate the use of hypnosis as an intervention in treating health care professionals experiencing burnout syndrome or symp-toms of burnout from exposure to different elements in their work duties, the population they are serving or the environment in which they are conducting their work. A limited body of literature investigates hypnosis as an effective treatment for burnout. Caregivers are particularly at risk of compassion fatigue and burnout. Hypnosis with its emphasis on mobilizing positive resources and positive psychology is helpful at different levels of intervention. A review of existing literature was undertaken in order to evaluate the efficacy of hypnotic intervention on patients with chronic migraine headaches. While somewhat limited, several recent research studies have revealed a consensus on the improvement of head pain after several sessions of hypnosis, including both case studies and larger group studies. This Almost one fifth of women in the United States suffer from pelvic pain and urinary incon-tinence following childbirth (Leijonhufvud 2011). Surgery and medications are typically the go-to treatments prescribed by medical professionals. Unfortunately, these approaches struggle with positive outcomes in the long-term. Hypnosis is a mind-body modality that has been used as an intervention to addre","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"64 1","pages":"375 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48401353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond words: Conceptual framework for the study and practice of hypnotherapeutic imagery.","authors":"Dan Short","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2021.2020709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2021.2020709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper provides a conceptual framework for the study and clinical application of hypnotherapeutic imagery (HTI). Using the grounded theory method of conceptual analysis, a unified theoretical framework is constructed from a multidisciplinary review of literature (i.e., this new theory is based on the collection and analysis of independently sourced data). The aim is to enumerate the chorographical features of HTI simulations within the mental landscape, rather than seeking to predict them. This is achieved using a combination of ontological, epistemological, and methodological inquires. Because mental simulation is both symptomatic of mental disorders and a psychotherapeutic agent, used across various treatment modalities, an attempt is made to isolate those variables that differentiate HTI from other instances of mental simulation. Lastly, applied principles from multiple disciplines are used to formulate HTI methodology designed to effectively enhance intuitive understanding and unconscious problem-solving.</p>","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"64 4","pages":"316-338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39782987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2026720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2026720","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"64 4","pages":"390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39804931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indirect work with hypnosis using metaphorical objects through unconscious intelligence in virtualspace","authors":"Cecilia Fabre","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2021.2025031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2021.2025031","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A narrative case study is used to illustrate a working model with metaphoric objects and movement within the context of Ericksonian hypnosis. The technique is meant to awaken an inner dialogue within unconscious intelligence. This case also illustrates how to modify the origin of an apparently difficult problem in a fast, efficient and loving way, without the need for information about the person or the situation. This therapy session was conducted using an online format. Work with metaphoric objects is an efficient technique that helps uncover the unconscious origin of the situations to be treated, as well as the solution. Due to the sensitive nature of these ideas, they must be handled with care and responsibility, as demonstrated in this case study.","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"101 1","pages":"355 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72573905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encouraging hindsight in advance: Age progression in therapy – and life","authors":"M. Yapko","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2022.2038067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2022.2038067","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Each person forms a relationship to the dimension of time, called a “temporal orientation.” How that relationship is defined and prioritized, whether consciously or non-consciously, plays a huge role in the way people go about living their lives. In psychotherapy, the quality of one’s expectations plays a pivotal role in virtually every phase of treatment. As a class of hypnotic interventions, age progression treatment strategies are intricately connected to expectancy since they typically involve guiding the client experientially, i.e., subjectively, into the future. While absorbed in this suggested projection, clients may have the opportunity to imagine and experience the consequences of current or new choices, integrate suggestions at deeper levels for eventual activation, rehearse new patterns of thought, feeling or behavior, and, in general, obtain a greater overview of his or her life than a narrower focus on day-to-day living typically affords. To paraphrase Milton Erickson, one can think of it as encouraging hindsight while it is still foresight.","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"65 1","pages":"4 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43934914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conscious intelligence is overrated: The normative unconscious and hypnosis","authors":"J. Weinberger, Mathew Brigante, Kevin J. Nissen","doi":"10.1080/00029157.2021.2025032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00029157.2021.2025032","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hypnosis has been mysterious and controversial for hundreds of years. The legacy of this history is still with us. The philosophy of Ryle and of Dennett argue that the usual emphasis placed on states of consciousness and privileged access is misplaced. Cognitive neuroscience supports this by showing that unconscious processes explain much of our functioning and that what we call consciousness and privileged access is illusory. Attribution theory can largely account for the subjective states that have been seen as characteristic of and unique to hypnosis. Current models of hypnosis are reviewed and shown to have maintained classic and outdated views of dissociation and/or disconnected executive systems. Normative unconscious processes can account for much of hypnotic phenomena thereby showing hypnosis to be a normative phenomenon. An unconscious need to be absorbed into or become part of something beyond the self may underlie some of the individual differences in hypnotizability.","PeriodicalId":46304,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis","volume":"64 1","pages":"290 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41573257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}