Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"LC-QTOF-MS/MS for tentative identification of antioxidant peptides in defatted Spirulina platensis cakes obtained by supercritical CO₂ extraction.","authors":"Lucía Cuesta-Ramos, Nerea Sánchez-Moreno, Manuel Salgado-Ramos, Juan Manuel Castagnini, Francisco J Martí-Quijal, Emilia Ferrer, Francisco J Barba, Noelia Pallarés","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06073-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-06073-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work tackles a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of microalga spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) to recover potential products from a nutritional and bioactive point of view. The execution of a response-surface model (RSO) through Box-Behnken design yielded 86% defatting, which significantly contrasts traditional Soxhlet extraction (9%). Contrarily to most of the reported works in the literature that focused on the analysis of the recovered oil, this study points out the added value of the remaining cakes after processing (spirulina residues). Namely, protein content determined by the DUMAS method concluded that a noted increase in the SFE cake was produced with respect to the raw material (from 69.2 to 74.4 g/100 g). In this regard, a tentative identification of antioxidant peptides through LC-QTOF-MS/MS was carried out. More deeply, 14 peptide sequences containing specific amino acids with potential antioxidant capacity were found in the SFE remaining cakes, of which the peptide sequences \"SIVNADAEARYLSPGELDRIK\" and \"RYLSPGELDRIKSFVT\" were only detected in these cakes and not in the Soxhlet solids. In addition, 4 short amino acid groups associated with potential antioxidant capacity were also identified in both cases (\"EL\", \"RY\", \"RYL\", and \"YL\"). ICP-MS served to determine the mineral profile in these materials, with most of them remaining in the cakes after SFE and Soxhlet extractions. With respect to oils, they were rich in Mg, P, K, and Fe minerals. The SFE oil extract had a much higher antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, chlorophyll A, and carotenoid content than the Soxhlet extract. Overall, this study presents an advanced extraction technique that efficiently recovers bioactive compounds and nutrients with potential food applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and metabolic profiling of oxymetholone and methasterone metabolites studied with human liver S9 model using GC-Orbitrap-HRMS for anti-doping purposes.","authors":"Siying Zheng, Yuqi Ge, Xian Fang, Mengpan Liu, Haoyi Sun, Xiaojun Deng, Lei Liao","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06066-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-06066-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vitro metabolic models provide a means to circumvent the ethical concerns associated with human administration research, allowing for preliminary predictions of human metabolism while generating high concentrations of metabolites for characterization. As S1.1-class anabolic androgenic steroids on the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Prohibited List, oxymetholone and methasterone have consistently appeared in the top 20 substances identified in adverse analytical findings (AAFs) in recent years, reflecting their persistent abuse patterns in sports. Given their exogenous nature, the metabolites of these steroid hormones fall within the scope of doping control, making metabolic studies a crucial aspect of anti-doping research. In this study, human liver S9 fractions were employed as a model for the characterization and metabolic profiling of oxymetholone and methasterone via gas chromatography-orbitrap-high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-Orbitrap-HRMS). The full scan mode of GC-Orbitrap-HRMS was utilized to detect free and two conjugated fractions of metabolites, comparing these with control groups to confirm the metabolites during in vitro incubation. Possible metabolite structures were inferred from EI mass spectra, and the metabolic pathways for both drugs were discussed. In vitro, three oxymetholone and five methasterone metabolites were identified, and among them, two metabolites, OMT-M3 (2α,17α-methyl-5ξ-androstan-3α,6β,17β-triol) and MTS-M3 (2α,17α-dimethyl-5ξ-androstane-3α,12ξ,16ξ,17β-tetrol), were characterized as novel metabolites based on recent human in vivo metabolic studies. These metabolites exhibited diverse metabolic pathways, and their structures were corroborated through complementary in vitro and in vivo metabolic analyses. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the applicability of the human liver S9 model in the metabolic studies of anabolic steroids in vitro, verifying novel human metabolites and providing valuable insights for future research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing the homogeneous competitive bioluminescence-based assay for tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) point-of-care detection.","authors":"Alexander N Kudryavtsev, Eugenia E Denisova, Vasilisa V Krasitskaya, Ivan K Baykov, Nina V Tikunova, Ludmila A Frank","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06090-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-06090-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a highly pathogenic infectious agent that causes serious damage to the nervous system is mainly transmitted by Ixodidae ticks. The laboratory methods (immunoassay and the PCR-based one) are successfully used to detect the virus in tick samples thereby avoiding unwarranted immunoprophylaxis. However, there is a need to determine the tick infection outside the laboratory conditions. In this study, we have developed a one-stage (of mix-and-read type) method for detecting virus in biological samples based on split NanoLuc complementation assay. Artificial NanoLuc luciferase split fragments NLuc(N-residue), 17.6 kDa, and NLuc(C-residue), 11 a.a., were genetically fused with the protein prED3 (fragment of the TBEV capsid protein E) or mouse anti-TBEV single-chain antibody 14D5a in all possible variants. The corresponding hybrid proteins were synthesized in E. coli recombinant cells, purified and studied. Assembling of the luciferase fragments into a bioluminescent complex proceeded due to antigen-antibody affinity interaction. The most efficient luciferase complementation was observed for the pair 14D5a-NLucCter + prED3-NLucNter: the integral bioluminescence of the complex was 2.4% of that of the intact luciferase. Using this complex, a single-phase competitive enzyme immunoassay of TBEV-associated targets was developed. A large number of native ticks were analyzed and a statistically significant difference was shown between \"healthy\" and virus-carrying ticks. Lyophilized all-in-one reagents, reconstituted upon addition of the sample matrices, were developed and tested in model assay. The results offer a basis for the development of a point-of-need portable device for rapid tick detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A ratiometric fluorescent aptamer assay based on RCA amplification mult-G-quadruplex.","authors":"Xinyu Xie, Weiling Li, Zhiguang Suo, Rui Guo, Min Wei, Huali Jin","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06083-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-06083-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ratiometric assay with dual signals can effectively avoid false positives of single signals. Therefore, a dual-signal assay was designed to detect Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) using the affinity of the aptamers to the target as well as the binding force between the DNA strands. The first fluorescent signal was obtained by binding AFB1 to aptamer to shed the complementary sequence with the FAM (6-carboxyfluorescein). The G-quadruplex is a common DNA conformation capable of emitting light with special fluorescent dyes. At room temperature, the G-quadruplex is opened by the shed complementary strand to form double-stranded DNA, disrupting its original structure. The NMM (N-methylmesoporphyrin IX) dye is unable to embed the G-quadruplex and emit light. Taking advantage of the DNA conformational transition, NMM dye was introduced as the second fluorescence signal. Based on the above principle, a dual fluorescence signal ratiometric assay was constructed for the detection of AFB1 by the ratio of FAM and NMM fluorescence intensity. This study provides a prospective strategy for developing a dual-signal construct ratio assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferrocene-functionalized indium-oxo cluster nanozyme for the detection of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid.","authors":"Shijie Wang, Yan Cheng, Zhelin Liu, Xiangting Dong, Bo Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06078-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-06078-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanozymes are a class of nanomaterials with intrinsic enzyme-like properties, which overcome the limitations of natural enzymes, such as poor stability, high cost, and difficulty in storage, thus achieving rapid development. Herein, the enzyme-like activity of ferrocene-functionalized indium-oxo cluster (TPP⁺)[In₇FcDCA₆(µ₄-O^2-)₃(µ₃-OCH₃)(Cl^-)₃], named [In₇Fc₆], was analyzed. The obtained [In₇Fc₆] cluster has good peroxidase-like activity, which can catalyze the reaction of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), o-phenylenediamine (OPD), and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) with H₂O₂. Therefore, based on the peroxidase-like activity of [In₇Fc₆], a colorimetric sensor for the detection of H₂O₂ was developed, which could detect H₂O₂ in the concentration range of 1-170 μM, and the detection limit was 0.24 μM. In addition, we also established a colorimetric sensor for detecting ascorbic acid (AA) in the range of 3-130 μM with a detection limit of 0.81 μM. The practicability of the established colorimetric sensor was also verified in cells and serum. This research opens up new horizons for exploring new application possibilities for clusters in biomolecular detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of serum N,N-dimethylglycine as a potential biomarker for prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease using ¹HNMR and UPLC-MS/MS metabonomics.","authors":"Baogang Xie, Dujuan Zhan, Le Wu, Lele Wang, Yongrong Lei, Meng Liu, Xiaodan Liu, Suping Li","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06084-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-06084-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital heart disease (CHD) poses significant clinical challenges due to limitations in early prenatal diagnosis. This study aimed to identify serum metabolic biomarkers for CHD using a combined metabolomics approach. Serum samples from 55 pregnant women carrying fetuses with confirmed CHD (CHDP group) and 49 healthy controls (ZCP group) were analyzed via non-targeted ¹HNMR metabolomics, revealing distinct metabolic profiles. Six choline pathway metabolites were further quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Among these, N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG) exhibited the most significant reduction in the CHDP group (1.07 ± 0.03 vs. 1.55 ± 0.04 µg/mL, p < 0.001), with an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.883 in the discovery cohort. Validation in an independent cohort (58 CHDP vs. 62 ZCP) confirmed DMG's diagnostic potential (AUROC = 0.818). While betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase 2 (BHMT2) activity showed no intergroup differences, DMG's consistent performance highlights its utility as a non-invasive biomarker. This study underscores the clinical value of metabonomics in prenatal CHD screening and establishes DMG as a promising diagnostic marker, potentially improving early detection and perinatal management.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel method for generating Q-bodies using tyrosinase-mediated HA-tag labeling.","authors":"Hui-Seon Yun, Hanool Yun, Hee-Jin Jeong","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06087-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-06087-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quenchbodies (Q-bodies) are fluorescent antibodies that respond to antigen binding via a fluorescence quenching and de-quenching mechanism. To enhance the versatility of the generation method and expand the color range, we developed a novel Q-body generation approach using tyrosinase-mediated site-specific conjugation to a tyrosine-rich hemagglutinin (HA)-tag. A single-chain variable fragment (scFv) against programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PDL1) was engineered with an N-terminal HA-tag and expressed in Escherichia coli with high yield and purity. Site-specific conjugation of four hydrazide-functionalized dyes with different emission wavelengths was achieved using recombinant tyrosinase. The resulting Q-bodies were evaluated via fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay, all of which demonstrated antigen concentration-dependent fluorescence enhancement. Notably, the tetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA)-labeled Q-body showed the highest signal-to-background ratio, limit of detection of 0.51 ± 0.01 μg/mL. This HA-tag-mediated Q-body generation strategy offers a robust and versatile tool for the production of Q-bodies with broad dye compatibility, enabling sensitive and multiplexed fluorescent immunoassays.</p>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorogenic response of thiamine triggered by Cu2+ for sensitive and economical determination of alkaline phosphatase","authors":"Hongding Zhang,&nbsp;Changlu Ke,&nbsp;Zhenhua Xing,&nbsp;Mengqi Zhao,&nbsp;Xin Xiang,&nbsp;Hai-Bo Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06040-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00216-025-06040-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although fluorescent probes have been used extensively for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) sensing, most involve a tedious, prolonged, or high-cost synthesis procedure. Thus, it is still necessary to develop convenient and economical fluorescent probes for sensitive determination of ALP. Herein, a facile fluorescent strategy was designed for ALP detection utilizing the fluorogenic response of thiamine (TH) triggered by Cu²⁺ (Cu²⁺-TH system). It was found that Cu²⁺ facilitated the oxidation of non-fluorescent TH to fluorescent thiochrome (TC) in an alkaline environment, while pyrophosphoric acid (PPi) interacted with Cu²⁺ to form PPi-Cu²⁺ chelates, preventing the oxidation of TH to fluorescent TC. Consequently, a faint fluorescence output was detected in the system. After adding ALP into this system, PPi was catalyzed to phosphate (Pi), which combined weakly with Cu²⁺. A large amount of TH was oxidized into fluorescent TC by free Cu²⁺, leading to high fluorescence. Therefore, an ALP sensing platform was constructed by utilizing the fluorogenic reaction of the Cu²⁺-TH system as the signal reporter. The assay exhibited favorable analytical performance for ALP measurement. A linear correlation was obtained between the ALP concentration (0.01–1 mU/mL) and the fluorescence intensity of the Cu²⁺-TH system, with a limit of detection as low as 0.0038 mU/mL. Additionally, the assay was further employed for analyzing ALP content in complex biological samples. This work thus advances the science of in situ fluorogenic reaction in the field of biosensing.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":"417 23","pages":"5211 - 5220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medium-entropy nanoenzyme with high oxidase-like activity for sensitive detection of interleukin-6 based on ELISA","authors":"Lifang Chen,&nbsp;Jiaqi Chen,&nbsp;Ying Lei,&nbsp;Pengcheng Lin,&nbsp;Donglin Cao,&nbsp;Wei Xiao,&nbsp;Liangshan Hu","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06054-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00216-025-06054-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an acute phase response protein. Its level rapidly increases in infection, trauma, and acute inflammatory states. It usually appears earlier than other inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin. Therefore, detecting abnormal IL-6 levels (The clinical reference range is greater than 7 pg mL⁻¹) faster can help humans receive timely treatment and recover their health. This article successfully synthesized a medium-entropy oxide nanoenzyme. It does not require the involvement of hydrogen peroxide and has a low Michaelis constant of 0.101 mM. Based on the interaction between La-based medium-entropy oxide (MEO-La) nanoenzyme and secondary antibody, specific detection of IL-6 in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is achieved. The concentration of IL-6 in human serum can be qualitatively detected. The detection limit and linear range are 0.03 pg mL⁻¹ and 5–1000 pg mL⁻¹, respectively. This work not only is of great significance for better understanding the unique properties of medium-entropy nanoenzymes but also has enormous potential for biochemical sensing of human health.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>This work develops a medium entropy oxide nanoenzyme for ultrasensitive IL-6 detection, achieving a detection limit of 0.03 pg mL⁻¹. The hydrogen peroxide free system has shown great potential in early disease diagnosis and biochemical sensing applications.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":"417 23","pages":"5171 - 5186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular-level characterization of lignosulfonates: high-resolution mass spectrometry approach","authors":"Ilya I. Pikovskoi,&nbsp;Anton V. Ilyin,&nbsp;Dmitry S. Kosyakov","doi":"10.1007/s00216-025-06037-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00216-025-06037-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lignosulfonates (LSs), a large-scale by-product of sulfite pulping, are currently the most widely produced and utilized lignin derivative. Like other lignins, LSs are characterized by an extremely complex irregular structure, and their distinctive feature is the presence of sulfo groups in the side chains of the phenylpropane structural units. The present study, for the first time, proposes a mass spectrometric (Orbitrap) methodology for characterizing the chemical composition of LSs based on the use of negative ion mode atmospheric pressure ionization techniques and chemometric approaches to the data treatment. The LS ionization efficiency increases in the series ESI&lt;APCI&lt;APPI with a substantial change in the selectivity toward sulfonated or nonsulfonated species which can be detected mainly in ESI and APCI ionization modes, respectively. 1,4-Dioxane or ammonia-doped APPI-HRMS enables the reliable detection of &gt;1000 LS oligomers of both CHO- and CHOS-classes in the widest molecular weight range (up to 1.2 kDa). For complex MS and MS/MS (broadband collision induced dissociation) data processing, the filtering methods based on a modified Kendrick mass defect analysis and van Krevelen elemental ratios visualization were introduced. These allow rapid distinguishing between typical lignin structures, sulfonated oligomers with different sulfonation and unsaturation degree, and impurity components. The developed approach was successfully tested on the both reagent-grade and real technical LS samples and can be further used to trace the processes of chemical modification of lignin in sulfite pulping and rapid characterization of LS preparations for various industrial applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":462,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","volume":"417 22","pages":"5131 - 5143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}