Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology最新文献_第4页

Experiment and Analysis of a Hybrid Composite Post-tension Plate Girder 混合复合材料后张板梁的实验与分析

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Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.4.04

Sahib Al Mustawfi, N. A. Safiee, Nabilah Abu Bakar, Izian Abd Karim, N. A. Mohd. Nasir

{"title":"Experiment and Analysis of a Hybrid Composite Post-tension Plate Girder","authors":"Sahib Al Mustawfi, N. A. Safiee, Nabilah Abu Bakar, Izian Abd Karim, N. A. Mohd. Nasir","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"Steel plate girders have been employed as structural bridge parts since the 19th century. They are typically made up of built-up sections in the shape of I-beams. Web and flange plates withstand shear force and bending moment, respectively. However, plate girders are vulnerable to shear buckling. Shear buckling resistance is increased by adding reinforced vertical stiffeners and, in some cases, longitudinal stiffeners. Nevertheless, these stiffeners are sometimes not enough to prevent extreme shear buckling and only delay the shear buckling of slender web panels. This study investigated a hybrid composite post-tension (HCPt) plate girder by experiment and finite element (FE) analysis. The structural performance of the HCPt plate girder was tested using three specimens: a double-web plate girder, an in-fill concrete double-web plate girder and an in-fill concrete double-web plate girder with prestress. Results showed that the steel web filled with concrete presented preferable strength and behaviour to the hollow steel web because of the concrete in-fill. It had high load capacity, strength and ductility. The concrete in-fill prevented the steel web plate from buckling, and beams generally failed in a ductile manner. Applying prestressing techniques reduced deflection under external loads, increased the load-carrying capacity and enhanced its flexural behaviour by 126% compared to the double web plate girder. The failure mode was changed from web shear buckling in a double web girder to bending in a hybrid composite plate girder, with an improvement of web shear buckling by 88%. The FE analysis result showed excellent consistency with the experimental result.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141642437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Green Energy Effect on an HCCI Engine from Used Cooking Oil-based Biodiesel from Malaysia 马来西亚废食用油生物柴油对 HCCI 发动机的绿色能源效应

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Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.4.07

Muntasser Abdulabbas Mossa, A. Hairuddin, Nur Izzati Abdul Aziz, Hasyuzariza Muhamad Tobib

{"title":"The Green Energy Effect on an HCCI Engine from Used Cooking Oil-based Biodiesel from Malaysia","authors":"Muntasser Abdulabbas Mossa, A. Hairuddin, Nur Izzati Abdul Aziz, Hasyuzariza Muhamad Tobib","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.4.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.4.07","url":null,"abstract":"Emissions from internal combustion engines (ICEs) significantly impact the environment, leading continents worldwide to work towards reducing them. The industry is increasingly leaning towards electric powertrains. However, power plants still utilize ICEs as generators, contributing to global pollution. Consequently, ICE emissions are garnering international attention. Alternatives like the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine and biodiesel fuels are being explored. HCCI engines have not been extensively tested with Used Cooking Oil (UCO) biodiesel. This study investigates the performance and emissions of HCCI engines using UCO-based biodiesel. This study tested an air-cooled, single-cylinder, 4-stroke diesel engine operating at 3600 rpm with a displacement of 0.219 liters. The HCCI mode was activated during preheating and run at 2700 rpm under varying biodiesel blend percentages and intake temperatures. In HCCI mode, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased, peaking at a 90°C intake temperature. Diesel fuel in-cylinder pressure reached a maximum of 81 bars at 90°C, decreasing to 79 bars at 70°C. The HCCI mode resulted in lower NOx, CO, and UHC emissions. Higher biodiesel blend ratios further reduced CO emissions. Raising the intake air temperature to 90°C lowered NOx emissions by 96.66%, from 150 ppm to 5 ppm. Using green energy sources as fuel in HCCI engines significantly reduced emissions in this study, suggesting their potential as a future fuel for advanced engines.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141642292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying Communities with Modularity Metric Using Louvain and Leiden Algorithms 用卢万算法和莱顿算法识别具有模块化度量的群落

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.16

Siti Haryanti Hairol Anuar, Zuraida Abal Abas, Norhazwani Md Yunos, M. Mukhtar, Tedy Setiadi, A. S. Shibghatullah

{"title":"Identifying Communities with Modularity Metric Using Louvain and Leiden Algorithms","authors":"Siti Haryanti Hairol Anuar, Zuraida Abal Abas, Norhazwani Md Yunos, M. Mukhtar, Tedy Setiadi, A. S. Shibghatullah","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.16","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 20 years, there has been a significant increase in publication in complex network analysis research, especially in community detection. Many methods were proposed to identify community structure. Each community identification algorithm has strengths and weaknesses due to the complexity of information. Among them, the optimisation methods are widely focused on. This paper focuses on an empirical study of two community detection algorithms based on agglomerative techniques using modularity metric: Louvain and Leiden. In this regard, the Louvain algorithm has been shown to produce a bad connection in the community and disconnected when executed iteratively. Therefore, the Leiden algorithm is designed to successively resolve the weaknesses. Performance comparisons between the two and their concept were summarised in detail, as well as the step-by-step learning process of the state-of-the-art algorithms. This study is important and beneficial to the future study of interdisciplinary data sciences of network analysis. First, it demonstrates that the Leiden method outperformed the Louvain algorithm in terms of modularity metric and running time. Second, the paper displays the use of these two algorithms on synthetic and real networks. The experiment was successful as it identified better performance, and future work is required to confirm and validate these findings.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling of Light Lifting Robotic Arm 轻型升降机械臂建模

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Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.25

Norfarahana Adibah Raffie, N. H. Amer, Syed Mohd Fairuz Syed Mohd Dardin, K. Hudha, Saiddi Ali Firdaus Mohamed Ishak

{"title":"Modeling of Light Lifting Robotic Arm","authors":"Norfarahana Adibah Raffie, N. H. Amer, Syed Mohd Fairuz Syed Mohd Dardin, K. Hudha, Saiddi Ali Firdaus Mohamed Ishak","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.25","url":null,"abstract":"Robotic arms are often chosen as the primary manipulator for teleoperated robots specializing in executing tasks that require high skills from humans. The optimization of robotic arm design has been studied extensively using various types of optimization algorithms. However, studies validating and optimizing robotic arms with a high degree of freedom (DOF) using co-simulation techniques are scarce. This study presents the validation and modeling of a five-DOF robotic arm by observing the torques produced by each robotic arm joint using the co-simulation method between Solidworks and Simscape Multibody. The system is modeled in a Solidworks environment with full freedom and overall configurations. The model is then exported to Simscape Multibody for modeling processes. Several validation processes were conducted to validate the Simscape Multibody by comparing torques produced from the three-DOF robotic arm in Simscape with three DOF dynamic equations. Further validation was conducted using coordinate geometry of the end effector position in Solidworks, Simscape, and mathematical geometry models. The proposed co-simulation model agrees with the mathematical model with an average error of 7.6%. This study will likely provide a new approach to the co-simulation technique for systems with a high degree of freedom.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating Green Infrastructure Distribution and Green Corridor Mapping with Proposed Green Trail Area and Wildlife-Human Conflict Using Remote Sensing-GIS Approach 利用遥感-地理信息系统方法将绿色基础设施分布和绿色走廊绘图与拟议的绿色步道区域及野生动物与人类的冲突结合起来

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Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.20

S. Misbari, Jacqueline Isabella Anak Gisen, Nur Arissa Farhanis Mohd Rosli, Amir Asyraf Mohd Fauzi, Aishah Abu Bakar

{"title":"Integrating Green Infrastructure Distribution and Green Corridor Mapping with Proposed Green Trail Area and Wildlife-Human Conflict Using Remote Sensing-GIS Approach","authors":"S. Misbari, Jacqueline Isabella Anak Gisen, Nur Arissa Farhanis Mohd Rosli, Amir Asyraf Mohd Fauzi, Aishah Abu Bakar","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.20","url":null,"abstract":"Most people now prefer to live in cities, and the urban population has grown significantly. The decrement of urban green corridors causes an essential need for livability in highly populated areas. The needs of population health and sustainable city development are put under prolonged stress by the shortage of publicly accessible green infrastructure and its placement in inappropriate areas. The inventory of green corridor areas and the distribution of significant infrastructure are not fully understood, thus encouraging conflicts between residents and wildlife and increasing flood risk in their vicinity. Optical satellite images were required to (1) develop a green corridor (GC) map, (2) investigate the green infrastructure (GI) demand with the existing land use, and (3) propose new green trails (GT) in the Kuantan district using a geospatial approach. NDVI and site suitability analysis were carried out on Landsat OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI images, which were integrated with GIS tools to achieve all the objectives. A GC map has been developed, and five new proposed areas for GI development have been identified. Based on the results, 5 proposed green trails (3 long GTs, 2 short GTs) with a total length of 79.3 km are scattered in the Kuantan district at the most suitable site, identified using a geospatial approach. This study supports SDG 15: Life on Land, where green corridors reinforce biological connectivity, provide conducive space for high-populated areas, and minimize the negative impact of urbanization on the designed areas of GC, GI and GT in the developing city of Kuantan.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Maturity Stages on Physical Properties of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Pods 成熟阶段对可可（可可豆）豆荚物理特性的影响

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Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.23

Babatunde Oluwamayokun Soyoye, Nazmi Mat Nawi, Mohamad Ariffin Zulkifli, Guangnan Chen, Nurfadzilah Madian, Ahmad Faiz Mokhtar, Siti Nooradzah Adam, D. F. al Riza

{"title":"Effect of Maturity Stages on Physical Properties of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Pods","authors":"Babatunde Oluwamayokun Soyoye, Nazmi Mat Nawi, Mohamad Ariffin Zulkifli, Guangnan Chen, Nurfadzilah Madian, Ahmad Faiz Mokhtar, Siti Nooradzah Adam, D. F. al Riza","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.23","url":null,"abstract":"Cocoa is one of the main plantation crops in Malaysia. Significant efforts have been made to modernise the industry using mechanisation and automation technologies. Thus, determination of the physical properties of cocoa pods at different maturity stages is paramount for an appropriate design and development of a post-harvest machinery system for pod breaking, sorting and grading. This study investigated the effect of five different maturity stages (unripe, under-ripe, ripe, very-ripe and over-ripe) on the physical properties of cocoa pods. A total of 80 cocoa pods (Clone PBC140) were used as samples, where 16 pods represented each maturity stage. For the unripe stage, the largest mean dimensional values were 172.45, 89.3 and 111.18 mm for the pods’ length, diameter and geometric mean diameter, respectively. The highest mean values of 0.66 and 0.54 for the over-ripe stage were recorded for sphericity and aspect ratio, respectively. The geometric mean diameter, weight and firmness were found to be inversely proportional to the maturity stages. The advanced maturity stages experience greater colour intensity, as reflected in the chroma (C*) and higher L*, a* and b* values. This study has found that the colour and texture of the cocoa pods change throughout their maturity. In conclusion, the results reported in this study can be used as a reference for designing and developing a machinery system for post-harvest fruit processing.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimisation of the Distribution System Reliability with Shielding and Grounding Design Under Various Soil Resistivities 在不同土壤电阻率条件下利用屏蔽和接地设计优化配电系统可靠性

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Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.15

Jia-Wen Tang, C. Wooi, Wen-Shan Tan, Hadi Nabipour Afrouzi, Hana Abdull Halim, Syahrun Nizam Md Arshad

{"title":"Optimisation of the Distribution System Reliability with Shielding and Grounding Design Under Various Soil Resistivities","authors":"Jia-Wen Tang, C. Wooi, Wen-Shan Tan, Hadi Nabipour Afrouzi, Hana Abdull Halim, Syahrun Nizam Md Arshad","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"Lightning strikes can cause equipment damage and power outages, so the distribution system's reliability in withstanding lightning strikes is crucial. This research paper presents a model that aims to optimise the configuration of a lightning protection system (LPS) in the power distribution system and minimise the System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), a measure of reliability, and the associated cost investment. The proposed lightning electromagnetic transient model considers LPS factors such as feeder shielding, grounding design, and soil types, which affect critical current, flashover rates, SAIFI, and cost. A metaheuristic algorithm, PSOGSA, is used to obtain the optimal solution. The paper's main contribution is exploring grounding schemes and soil resistivity's impact on SAIFI. Using 4 grounding rods arranged in a straight line under the soil with 10 Ωm resistivity reduces grounding resistance and decreases SAIFI from 3.783 int./yr (no LPS) to 0.146 int./yr. Unshielded LPS has no significant effect on critical current for soil resistivity. Four test cases with different cost investments are considered, and numerical simulations are conducted. Shielded LPSs are more sensitive to grounding topologies and soil resistivities, wherein higher investment, with 10 Ωm soil resistivity, SAIFI decreases the most by 73.34%. In contrast, SAIFIs for 1 kΩm and 10 kΩm soil resistivities show minor decreases compared to SAIFIs with no LPS. The study emphasises the importance of considering soil resistivity and investment cost when selecting the optimal LPS configuration for distribution systems, as well as the significance of LPS selection in reducing interruptions to customers.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

C-Slot Circular Polarized Antenna for Hybrid Energy Harvesting and Wireless Sensing 用于混合能量收集和无线传感的 C 形槽圆极化天线

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.24

Irfan Mujahidin, S. S. Hidayat, Muhamad Cahyo Ardi Prabowo, Akio Kitagawa

{"title":"C-Slot Circular Polarized Antenna for Hybrid Energy Harvesting and Wireless Sensing","authors":"Irfan Mujahidin, S. S. Hidayat, Muhamad Cahyo Ardi Prabowo, Akio Kitagawa","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.24","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new hybrid energy harvesting on electromagnetic solar for wireless energy harvesting of ambient from sensors of low-power devices. The axial ratio (AR) requirements produce Left-Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) and Right-Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) and simultaneously produce a 90-degree phase difference during energy harvesting, adopting a new design in designing a dual-feed broadband circular polarized (CP) antenna. To get the frequency band 2.3–2.4 GHz, we propose a C-Slot antenna with a circular patch dual feed. To estimate the diversity of the phase and magnitude output of the feed configuration under AR value, we used a 50 Ohm feed network output of the characteristic analysis for a dual feed CP antenna. An Axial ratio frequency range of less than 3 dB is achieved using polarization analysis with different branch channel couplers. To produce a DC output voltage, a high-frequency rectifier circuit embedded with a thin-film solar cell on the antenna is then connected to two T-junction power divider rectifiers, resulting in a high-efficiency design. A complete system-level analysis will include multiple signal classification methods of powered ambient RF energy using a wireless energy harvesting array that proposes a compact structure and demonstrates optimal configuration. Reliable operation in typical indoor environments indicates a self-contained sensor Node. Therefore, it has significant implications for powering small electronics and wireless sensor applications independently of the IoT Network or real implementation telecommunications industry.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elicitation of Cryptic Secondary Metabolites and Antibacterial Activities from Mangrove and Cave Soil Actinomycetes 诱导红树林和洞穴土壤放线菌的隐蔽次生代谢物和抗菌活性

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Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.17

Intan Azzween Natasha Ahmad Razi, Nur Syatila Ab Ghani, Siti Hajar Sadiran, Suhaidi Ariffin, S.A. Syed Mohamad, Anis Low Muhammad Low

{"title":"Elicitation of Cryptic Secondary Metabolites and Antibacterial Activities from Mangrove and Cave Soil Actinomycetes","authors":"Intan Azzween Natasha Ahmad Razi, Nur Syatila Ab Ghani, Siti Hajar Sadiran, Suhaidi Ariffin, S.A. Syed Mohamad, Anis Low Muhammad Low","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.17","url":null,"abstract":"Actinomycetes’ secondary metabolites have received considerable attention due to their many beneficial biological activities. However, many biosynthetic gene clusters in actinomycetes remain silent as they are not transcribed under standard laboratory conditions. Therefore, this study aims to introduce antibiotic elicitors to activate cryptic secondary metabolites in soil actinomycetes and screen them for antibacterial potential. A total of 20 cave and 10 mangrove soil actinomycete isolates were exposed to streptomycin or erythromycin at subinhibitory concentration (0.5–1048 μg/mL) in minimal media. The ethyl acetate extracts were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiling to observe the effect of elicitors towards secondary metabolite production. As a result, 61.7% of the isolates showed a positive impact (appearance of ‘new’/increase in metabolite production) when elicitors were supplemented. These changes were more pronounced in erythromycin-induced media (63.3%) than in streptomycin (60.0%). Two isolates (CS3PT50 and CS3PT53) exhibited significant changes in the profile, with additional peaks detected at 210 and 245 nm, which may indicate the production of new metabolites. More antibacterial activities were observed from stimulated (26.7%) as opposed to non-stimulated isolates (10.0%), including 6 new activities, 1 improved, and 1 decrease in inhibitory. Furthermore, isolate CS3PT53 (0.5 mg/disc) displayed broad-spectrum activities, inhibiting S. aureus ATCC 25923 and S. Typhimurium ATCC 14028. The hit actinomycete isolates belonged to the genus Streptomyces (55.6%), Norcardia (22.2%), Norcardiopsis, and Saccharomonospora (11.1%). Overall, this study demonstrated that incorporating antibiotic elicitor at subinhibitory concentration could effectively trigger the production of cryptic secondary metabolites with antibacterial properties in soil actinomycetes.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of LED Retrofit Lamps in HSPV Luminaires Based on Photometric Method for Road Lighting 基于光度测量法的道路照明 HSPV 灯具中的 LED 改装灯研究

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Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.11

Mohd Hanif Jamaludin, W. Z. Wan Ismail, Elina Mohd Husini, Nor Ain Mohd Bahror

{"title":"Study of LED Retrofit Lamps in HSPV Luminaires Based on Photometric Method for Road Lighting","authors":"Mohd Hanif Jamaludin, W. Z. Wan Ismail, Elina Mohd Husini, Nor Ain Mohd Bahror","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"Energy reduction is a great challenge in road lighting applications. Replacing high-pressure sodium vapor (HPSV) with light-emitting diodes (LED) is a viable approach to reducing energy consumption. However, a total replacement can incur a significant capital cost. This study aims to investigate the effects on light distribution by replacing HPSV lamps with LED lamps in HPSV luminaires using Light Intensity Distribution (LID) curve measurement and Backlight, Uplight and Glare (BUG) rating evaluation to reduce the adoption costs. While LED lamps have high illumination rates, the structural differences from HPSV lamps can affect the LID curve and original lighting design. Therefore, it is crucial to study photometric dispersion after retrofitting light sources. Both lamps were installed into similar HPSV luminaires to assess photometric performance using goniophotometer measurements. The HPSV lamp outperforms the LED lamp in terms of luminous flux (11.13%) and light intensity (7.69%), whereas the LED lamp outperforms the HPSV lamp in terms of efficacy rating (68.67%) and wattage used (47.61%). The findings indicate that retrofit LED luminaires have an LOR of 46.77% lower than the HPSV luminaires. The light distribution pattern is maintained but reduced to 40 to 50% for the main usable light angles. The reduced performance is caused by the lamp structure, which occupies a large area inside the luminaire housing, obstructing proper light distribution. Although overall energy consumption is reduced, similar illumination levels cannot be maintained. These outcomes can assist authorities and manufacturers with alternative methods of reducing costs while maintaining lighting levels.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0