Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology最新文献_第5页

An Improved Ensemble Machine Learning Approach for Diabetes Diagnosis 一种用于糖尿病诊断的改进型集合机器学习方法

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.19

Mohanad Mohammed Rashid, Omar Mahmood Yaseen, Rana Riyadh Saeed, M. Alasaady

{"title":"An Improved Ensemble Machine Learning Approach for Diabetes Diagnosis","authors":"Mohanad Mohammed Rashid, Omar Mahmood Yaseen, Rana Riyadh Saeed, M. Alasaady","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.19","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is recognized as one of the most detrimental diseases worldwide, characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose stemming from either insulin deficiency or decreased insulin efficacy. Early diagnosis of diabetes enables patients to initiate treatment promptly, thereby minimizing or eliminating the risk of severe complications. Although years of research in computational diagnosis have demonstrated that machine learning offers a robust methodology for predicting diabetes, existing models leave considerable room for improvement in terms of accuracy. This paper proposes an improved ensemble machine learning approach using multiple classifiers for diabetes diagnosis based on the Pima Indians Diabetes Dataset (PIDD). The proposed ensemble voting classifier amalgamates five machine learning algorithms: Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forests (RF), and XGBoost. We obtained the individual model accuracies and used the ensemble method to improve accuracy. The proposed approach uses a pre-processing stage of standardization and imputation and applies the Local Outlier Factor (LOF) to remove data anomalies. The model was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy criteria. With a reported accuracy of 81%, the proposed approach shows promise compared to prior classification techniques.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of Membrane-less Microbial Fuel Cell in Reducing Human Hazards from Dewatered Sludge 无膜微生物燃料电池在减少脱水污泥对人体危害中的应用

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Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.12

Fatin Nur Izzati Mohd Fadzil, Chen Sep Ngee, Mohammed Zharif Asyrani Mohammed Alias, Muhammad Adib Fadhlullah Muhammad Lukman, A. S. Yaakop, Muaz Mohd ZAINI MAKHTAR, Ana Masara Ahmad Mokhtar

{"title":"Application of Membrane-less Microbial Fuel Cell in Reducing Human Hazards from Dewatered Sludge","authors":"Fatin Nur Izzati Mohd Fadzil, Chen Sep Ngee, Mohammed Zharif Asyrani Mohammed Alias, Muhammad Adib Fadhlullah Muhammad Lukman, A. S. Yaakop, Muaz Mohd ZAINI MAKHTAR, Ana Masara Ahmad Mokhtar","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane-less microbial fuel cell (ML-MFC) technology has emerged as a potential for wastewater treatment and electricity generation. Despite its benefit in green energy production, studies have yet to determine its role in minimizing the human hazards stemming from dewatered sludge (DS). Hence, this research aims to investigate the effects of ML-MFC-treated DS on cell toxicity and its benefits in reducing protein-denaturation-related inflammation and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) dissemination. MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxic effect of ML-MFC-treated DS on 3T3-L1 and Hep G2 cells at 24 h. The anti-inflammatory property of ML-MFC-treated DS was determined using a protein denaturation assay. Next, the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated from ML-MFC-treated samples was determined using the disk-diffusion method. All the data obtained were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism software (Version 9.2.0) with a p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Interestingly, ML-MFC-treated DS showed 80% cell viability on 3T3-L1 and slight toxicity on Hep G2 cells. ML-MFC-treated DS exhibited anti-inflammatory properties with 62.43% protein denaturation inhibition and displayed fewer antibiotic-resistance bacteria than the untreated. Overall, the ML-MFC technology showed novel applications by decreasing DS-related health hazards.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weed Management Using UAV and Remote Sensing in Malaysia Paddy Field: A Review 在马来西亚稻田使用无人机和遥感技术进行杂草管理：综述

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.13

Zaid Ramli, A. S. Juraimi, Mst. Motmainna, Nik Norasma Che’Ya, Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Roslim, Nisfariza Mohd Noor, Anuar Ahmad

{"title":"Weed Management Using UAV and Remote Sensing in Malaysia Paddy Field: A Review","authors":"Zaid Ramli, A. S. Juraimi, Mst. Motmainna, Nik Norasma Che’Ya, Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Roslim, Nisfariza Mohd Noor, Anuar Ahmad","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"Controlling weed infestation is pivotal to achieving the maximum yield in paddy fields. At a time of exponential human population growth and depleting arable land mass, finding the solution to this problem is crucial. For a long time, herbicides have been the most favoured approach for weed control due to their efficacy and ease of application. However, adverse effects on the environment due to the excessive use of herbicides have prompted more cautious and effective herbicide usage. Many weed species tend to dominate the field, and the weed thrived in patches, rendering conventional broad herbicide spraying futile. Site-specific weed management (SSWM) consists of two strategies: weed mapping and selective herbicide application. Since its introduction into the agriculture sector, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have become the platform of choice for carrying both the remote sensing system for weed mapping and the selective application of herbicide. Red-Green-Blue (RGB), multispectral and hyperspectral sensors on UAVs enable highly accurate weed mapping. In Malaysia, adopting this technology is highly possible, given the nature of government-administrated rice cultivation. This review provides insight into the weed management practice using remote sensing techniques on UAV platforms with potential applications in Malaysia's paddy field. It also discusses the recent works on weed mapping with imaging remote sensing on a UAV platform.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Model-driven Approach to Improve Sago Drying with a Fluidized Bed Dryer 利用流化床干燥器改进西米干燥的模型驱动方法

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.21

Nur Tantiyani Ali Othman, Nurfadilah Izaty Senu

{"title":"Model-driven Approach to Improve Sago Drying with a Fluidized Bed Dryer","authors":"Nur Tantiyani Ali Othman, Nurfadilah Izaty Senu","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.21","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a model-driven approach to enhance the efficiency of sago drying utilizing a two-dimensional fluidized bed dryer (FBD). ANSYS® DesignModelerTM 2020 R2 software was employed to simulate the drying profile, considering variations in sago bagasse particle diameter (ranging from 500 to 2000 µm), hot air temperature (ranging from 50 to 90 °C), and inlet air velocity (ranging from 1.5 to 2.1 m/s). The simulation results provided valuable insights into the interplay between these critical drying parameters. The model enabled the prediction of moisture content profiles during the sago drying process under different conditions, thereby facilitating comprehension of the system’s behavior. Using Design Expert® 7.00 (DX7), considering energy efficiency and product quality, an optimal set of conditions for sago drying was determined at 2000 µm, 90 °C and 2.1 m/s. This approach not only streamlined the drying process but also significantly reduced energy consumption while ensuring consistent and high-quality sago. The findings of this research offer a practical and sustainable solution for sago producers, which, when applied, can contribute to improved product quality, reduced production costs, and enhanced food security in the region. Furthermore, the model-driven approach and the integration of specialized software tools demonstrate the potential for broader applications in optimizing various drying processes in the food industry.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SPICE Modeling and Performance Analysis of Enhancement-Mode GaN HEMTs for Augmented Hard-Switching Energy Conversion Efficiency 用于提高硬开关能量转换效率的增强型 GaN HEMT 的 SPICE 建模和性能分析

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.14

X. Liu, S. Shafie, M. A. Mohd Radzi, N. Azis, N. Norddin, Ismail Lawal, Normaziah Zulkifli, Abdul Hafiz Abdul Karim

{"title":"SPICE Modeling and Performance Analysis of Enhancement-Mode GaN HEMTs for Augmented Hard-Switching Energy Conversion Efficiency","authors":"X. Liu, S. Shafie, M. A. Mohd Radzi, N. Azis, N. Norddin, Ismail Lawal, Normaziah Zulkifli, Abdul Hafiz Abdul Karim","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"The advancement of renewable energy sources necessitates the development of effective power electronic devices. Enhancement-mode Gallium Nitride (E-GaN) high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs), an emerging wide-bandgap semiconductor device, demonstrate potential in photovoltaic (PV) energy converting applications to enhance power transfer efficiency. This paper discusses the enhanced semiconducting characteristics of GaN HEMT over conventional silicon power devices by analyzing spontaneous and piezoelectric polarizations of wurtzite GaN crystalline structure and the formation of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). The lateral device structure of E-GaN HEMT and normally switched-on depletion mode GaN HEMT are compared. A device-under-test (DUT) equivalent model incorporating parasitic components is proposed, adopting the EPC2204 Level 3 SPICE model. The model is simulated in a novel Double Pulse Test (DPT) topology with clamping and snubber subcircuits using LTSPICE software. The performance of GaN E-HEMT is compared to a MOSFET with similar parameters, and the impact of parasitic inductances and stray capacitances is evaluated through switching analysis. Findings support the potential of E-GaN HEMTs and indicate the DC-DC converter design considerations for portable solar PV system applications.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of Sedge Weeds Infestation in Wetland Rice Cultivation Using Hyperspectral Images and Artificial Intelligence: A Review 利用高光谱图像和人工智能检测湿地水稻种植中的莎草：综述

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.18

Muhamad Noor Hazwan Abd Manaf, A. S. Juraimi, Mst. Motmainna, Nik Norasma Che’Ya, A. S. Mat Su, Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Roslim, Anuar Ahmad, Nisfariza Mohd Noor

{"title":"Detection of Sedge Weeds Infestation in Wetland Rice Cultivation Using Hyperspectral Images and Artificial Intelligence: A Review","authors":"Muhamad Noor Hazwan Abd Manaf, A. S. Juraimi, Mst. Motmainna, Nik Norasma Che’Ya, A. S. Mat Su, Muhammad Huzaifah Mohd Roslim, Anuar Ahmad, Nisfariza Mohd Noor","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.18","url":null,"abstract":"Sedge is one type of weed that can infest the rice field, as well as broadleaf and grasses. If sedges are not appropriately controlled, severe yield loss will occur due to increased competition with cultivated rice for light, space, nutrients, and water. Both sedges and grasses are monocots and have similar narrowed leaf characteristics, but most sedge stems have triangular prismatic shapes in cross sections, which differ them from grasses. Event sedges and grasses differ in morphology, but differentiating them in rice fields is challenging due to the large rice field area and high green color similarity. In addition, climate change makes it more challenging as the distribution of sedge weed infestation is influenced by surrounding abiotic factors, which lead to changes in weed control management. With advanced drone technology, agriculture officers or scientists can save time and labor in distributing weed surveys in rice fields. Using hyperspectral sensors on drones can increase classification accuracy and differentiation between weed species. The spectral signature of sedge weed species captured by the hyperspectral drone can generate weed maps in rice fields to give the sedge percentage distribution and location of sedge patch growth. Researchers can propose proper countermeasures to control the sedge weed problem with this information. This review summarizes the advances in our understanding of the hyperspectral reflectance of weedy sedges in rice fields. It also discusses how they interact with climate change and phenological stages to predict sedge invasions.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Field Performance and Energy Consumption of a Medium-sized Combine Harvester for Harvesting Glutinous Rice in Malaysia 马来西亚收割糯米的中型联合收割机的现场性能和能耗评估

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.22

Nazmi Mat Nawi, Bomoi Muhammad Isa, S. Abd Aziz, Mohamad Saufi Mohd Kassim

{"title":"Evaluation of Field Performance and Energy Consumption of a Medium-sized Combine Harvester for Harvesting Glutinous Rice in Malaysia","authors":"Nazmi Mat Nawi, Bomoi Muhammad Isa, S. Abd Aziz, Mohamad Saufi Mohd Kassim","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.22","url":null,"abstract":"A medium-sized combine harvester has been recently deployed to harvest newly introduced high-value glutinous rice in Malaysia. Thus, efficient utilisation of combine harvesters during harvest is essential to minimise operating costs and grain loss. This study evaluated a medium-sized combine harvester’s performance and energy consumption for harvesting glutinous rice. The experiment was carried out on a one-hectare paddy field with three sub-plots using a central composite design (CCD). A time-motion study was conducted during the harvesting operation to determine the combine harvester’s performance parameters, which included field operating speed (FS), field efficiency (FE), theoretical field capacity (TFC), effective field capacity (EFC), grain throughput capacity (GTC), fuel consumption (FC) and field machine index (MI). The energy expended during the operation, which included machinery energy (ME), fuel energy (FCE), human energy (HE), and total energy (TE) input, were also computed. The average FS, FE, TFC, EFC, FC, and MI values were 2.42 km/h, 59.78%, 0.56 ha/h, 0.33 ha/h, 14.89 l/ha, and 0.30, respectively. The mean values of ME, FCE, HE, and TE were 305.35, 711.69, 3.62, and 1020.66 MJ/ha, respectively. The combine harvester achieved an average grain throughput capacity (GTC) of 1796.91 kg/h, demonstrating its effectiveness in handling glutinous rice harvesting. The average time distribution for the harvesting operation, such as effective harvesting time, turning/reversing time, and unloading time, was 1.85 h/ha, 0.38 h/ha, and 1.05 h/ha, respectively. Based on the results, it is concluded that the medium-sized combine harvester is technically and economically suitable for harvesting glutinous rice.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mathematical Modelling of Scission Electrospun Polystyrene Fibre by Ultrasonication Scission 超声波裂解电纺聚苯乙烯纤维的数学建模

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.06

Cheryl Rinai Raja, M. Sawawi, S. J. Tanjong, Nurliyana Truna

{"title":"Mathematical Modelling of Scission Electrospun Polystyrene Fibre by Ultrasonication Scission","authors":"Cheryl Rinai Raja, M. Sawawi, S. J. Tanjong, Nurliyana Truna","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effects of time and diameter on the final scission length of the electrospun polystyrene (PS) fibres, whereby the fibres were ultrasonicated for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 minutes. The ultrasonic probe stimulates bubble cavitation followed by bubble implosion as scission occurs. Factors affecting the scissionability of the electrospun PS fibres are primarily the diameter of the fibre and the sonication run time. The scission final fibre length range is approximately 23.7 µm to 1.1 µm. SEM images show that the fibre breaks into shorter lengths as sonication run time increases. Conversely, fibre diameter exhibits a positive relationship with fibre length. The model gives an R-squared value of 0.44 and 0.59 for linear and non-linear regression, thus suggesting that the non-linear model provides a better fit for the data. The validation of the model is achieved by conducting a hypothesis test. Through hypothesis testing, the mean of the experimental average final length value and the predicted average fibre length from the regression model were not significant, indicating that the model can generally predict a relatively accurate average final fibre length value. The model derived from this study enables researchers to estimate the time required to sonicate the PS fibre (with a specific diameter) to achieve the short fibre length needed in their application. As research progresses, refining the model and incorporating additional parameters will be essential to ensure the broad reliability and applicability of these models across a variety of practical contexts.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140355035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of Small-scale Integrated Hydroponics—Animal Waste Bioreactor (AWB) for Romaine Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longofolia) Production 开发用于生产罗马生菜（Lactuca sativa L. var. longofolia）的小型综合水培-动物粪便生物反应器（AWB）

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.02

Elman Cantero Torres, T. B. Sayco, M. M. Cinense, Jonathan Viernes Fabula, Wendy Mateo, Carolyn Grace Galo Somera

{"title":"Development of Small-scale Integrated Hydroponics—Animal Waste Bioreactor (AWB) for Romaine Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longofolia) Production","authors":"Elman Cantero Torres, T. B. Sayco, M. M. Cinense, Jonathan Viernes Fabula, Wendy Mateo, Carolyn Grace Galo Somera","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"As improper processing and disposal of animal waste cause negative impacts on the environment, the animal industry sector must shift to more sustainable practices to lessen these effects. Recently, the application of the circular economy concept in agriculture, using animal waste as part of nutrient cycling, has emerged as a sustainable approach. The study aims to develop and test the small-scale integrated hydroponics-animal waste bioreactor (AWB) for romaine lettuce production using chicken manure tea (CMT) derived from dried chicken manure as a primary nutrient source. Three integrated hydroponics-AWB systems, with varying concentrations of CMT at 1,000 ppm, 1,200 ppm, and 1,400 ppm total dissolved solids (maintained within an upper and lower bound of 50 ppm), were constructed, tested, and compared to conventional hydroponics that used a nutrient solution maintained at 1,000 ppm TDS. The test result suggests that the ideal concentration of CMT in the system is 1,000 ppm. Within the optimum manure tea concentration, the small-scale integrated hydroponics-AWB produced romaine lettuce with growth parameters comparable to conventional hydroponics. In addition, increasing the CMT concentration to 1,400 ppm negatively impacts the plant growth parameters of romaine lettuce. The developed small-scale integrated hydroponics-AWB system provides a viable approach for growing lettuce using animal waste as the major source of nutrients. The developed production system could help mitigate the negative environmental effects of improper handling and disposal of animal waste and dependence on chemical-based nutrient solutions in hydroponic crop production.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140353493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review of Non-wood Lignocellulose Waste Material Reinforced Concrete for Light-weight Construction Applications 用于轻质建筑应用的非木材木质纤维废料加固混凝土综述

IF 0.6

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.47836/pjst.32.3.01

Hossam Saleh Salem Saeed, A. Syamsir, Mohd Supian Abu Bakar, M. Najeeb, A. Alhayek, Z. Itam, Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf, Mohd Radzi Ali

{"title":"A Review of Non-wood Lignocellulose Waste Material Reinforced Concrete for Light-weight Construction Applications","authors":"Hossam Saleh Salem Saeed, A. Syamsir, Mohd Supian Abu Bakar, M. Najeeb, A. Alhayek, Z. Itam, Muhammad Rizal Muhammad Asyraf, Mohd Radzi Ali","doi":"10.47836/pjst.32.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47836/pjst.32.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, non-wood lignocellulosic materials have gained significant attention, particularly in concrete applications for construction purposes. This study delves into utilising non-wood lignocellulosic materials for reinforcing concrete in construction applications. Lignocellulosic material emerges as a promising option for formulating new fibre cement compositions, thereby enhancing the sustainability, affordability, and performance of construction materials. Moreover, this research broadens the horizons of recycling agricultural waste by facilitating rational disposal and optimal utilisation. Through a comprehensive review, the study reveals that flax fibres, coir pith, prickly pear fibres, and rice husk ash waste exhibit superior workability compared to their counterparts. Furthermore, the strength of non-wood lignocellulosic reinforced concrete, incorporating bagasse ash, rice husk ash, and nutshell ash, peaked when fine aggregate replacement reached 15%, surpassing other types of non-wood lignocellulosic reinforced concrete. Adding a small quantity of prickly pear fibre to cement enhances the thermal conductivity of concrete, consequently improving compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus. This research is relevant to international research as it advances sustainable construction materials with desirable properties, benefiting society and various industries.","PeriodicalId":46234,"journal":{"name":"Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140354272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0