Blood Research最新文献

{"title":"Insights into Treatment-Free Remission (TFR) outcomes in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) - a tertiary centre experience in Malaysia.","authors":"Christopher Chin Keong Liam, Yang Liang Boo, Li Min Lim, Siew Lian Chong, Azizan Sharif, Yih Seong Wong, Veena Selvaratnam, Sen Mui Tan, Soo Min Lim","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00116-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00116-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have improved the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), allowing patients with favourable disease profiles and molecular responses to attempt treatment-free remission (TFR). We aim to establish the relapse-free survival (RFS) outcomes and identify prognostic factors for successful remission maintenance among those who attempt TFR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult CML patients who had undergone TFR from January 1, 2016, to June 30, 2024, were included. Upon TKI discontinuation, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) was monitored monthly for the first 12 months, then every 3 months, with TKI reinitiated upon a transcript level above 0.1% (IS). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 29.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-seven patients (27 males and 30 females) with a median age of 46 years (range 16 - 70) were analysed. The majority had a low EUTOS long-term survival (ELTS) score (61.4%, n = 35) and received imatinib (87.7%, n = 50). The median treatment duration was 8.8 years (range 4.2 - 18.8), and the median duration for sustained deep molecular remission (DMR) was 4.6 years (range 2.1 - 11.1). RFS was 70.2% at 6 months, 62.5% at 12 months and 56.8% at 2 years after a median follow-up of 34 months (range 9 - 101). The MR5 level was identified as an independent factor associated with sustained remission. All relapsed patients achieved DMR upon treatment reinitiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment discontinuation can be safely performed, with many achieving long-term treatment-free remission. A deeper molecular response (MR5) is associated with an improved likelihood of remission maintenance.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":" ","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12738440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145805841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive fungal infections in hematologic diseases: evidence, challenges, and clinical practice.","authors":"Sung-Yeon Cho, Chae Eun Lee, Dukhee Nho, Dong-Gun Lee","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00113-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00113-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with acute leukemia, particularly those undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, are at a high risk of contracting invasive fungal infections (IFIs). These IFIs substantially increase morbidity and mortality. Over the past decade, the paradigm of IFI management has shifted markedly, with an increased emphasis on prevention and treatment. Expanded use of antifungal agents and advances in novel therapies have prolonged survival in patients with hematologic malignancies. This progress also allows subsequent lines of chemotherapy to be administered while maintaining antifungal therapy once IFIs are controlled. However, these shifts have introduced new challenges, including a rising incidence of breakthrough infections despite prophylaxis, the emergence of infections caused by rare fungi, and growing concerns regarding azole resistance. Although Aspergillus species remain the predominant pathogens, infections by uncommon molds and yeasts are increasingly encountered. This phenomenon complicates the diagnosis and necessitates diagnostic tools beyond galactomannan testing alone. Integration of novel biomarkers and antifungal susceptibility testing is essential for timely and accurate diagnosis. Current guidelines provide relatively well-defined recommendations for the definitive management of invasive aspergillosis, candidiasis, and mucormycosis. Individualized care and multidisciplinary collaboration are essential to optimize patient outcomes. In addition to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, a deeper understanding of host immunity and its interactions with IFIs is critical for improving patient outcomes and guiding the next generation of management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":" ","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12738447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic donor lymphocyte infusions after first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with acute leukemia.","authors":"Ang Wei, Chenguang Jia, Guanghua Zhu, Jun Yang, Jie Zheng, Yuanfang Jing, Meng Zhang, Lixiao Cai, Ying Han, Ximu Sun, Chenzhuo Shu, Wei Chen, Maoquan Qin, Bin Wang, Yanhui Luo","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00111-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00111-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the feasibility and safety of prophylactic donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to improve survival outcomes in pediatric patients with acute leukemia (AL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children with AL who received prophylactic DLI transfusion after allogeneic HSCT between October 2015 and October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 101 pediatric patients with AL were enrolled in this study, comprising 42 acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 54 acute myeloid leukemia, and five mixed-phenotype acute leukemia cases. The median age at transplantation was 7.52 ± 3.98 years. The median time from HSCT to first DLI was 306.26 days (range 51.00-1016.00). Patients received a median cumulative dose of 5.00 × 10⁷/kg (0.50-36.20). Post-DLI GVHD occurred in 46.53% of cases. Most events were mild; severe GVHD occurred in only five cases. After prophylactic DLI transfusion, the 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 88.74% ± 3.70% and 79.66% ± 4.92%, respectively. The difference of the OS and EFS in patients with GVHD and without GVHD after prophylactic DLI transfusion were not statistically significant (χ² = 0.39, P = 0.53 and χ² = 0.98, P = 0.32). Cumulative DLI dose > 4.75 × 10⁷/kg was associated with favorable prognosis (Area under the curve 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.50-0.83, P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prophylactic DLI transfusion following allogeneic HSCT remains a safe and effective treatment for pediatric patients with AL and can reduce post-transplant relapse and improve long-term survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12775184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145709615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma interleukin-12 levels as a potential biomarker of fatigue and quality of life in patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia.","authors":"Sarthak Wadhera, Arihant Jain, Aarushi Sahni, Rudra Narayan Swain, Charanpreet Singh, Aditya Jandial, Ritu Aggarwal, Rekha Hans, Gaurav Prakash, Alka Khadwal, Sandeep Grover, Reena Das, Pankaj Malhotra","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00112-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00112-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fatigue significantly affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). However, the interplay between fatigue and cytokines in ITP remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 100 patients with persistent or chronic ITP who had not received ITP-directed therapy in the previous 8 weeks and 50 age-matched healthy controls. Fatigue and HRQoL were assessed using the Functional Assessment of the Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) scale. Concurrently, plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ITP patients had significantly lower total FACIT scores [median 146 (range 59-160]) and fatigue subscale scores [median 45 (range 9-52]) than controls [155 (149-159) and 49 (44-52), respectively; both p < 0.001]. IL-12 levels were significantly elevated in patients (313.2 vs. 95.5 pg/mL; p < 0.001) and showed a significant negative correlation with FACIT scores (Spearman's ρ = -0.272, p = 0.007). Multivariate analysis revealed that female sex, longer disease duration among patients with chronic ITP (> 24 months), and elevated IL-12 levels were independently associated with greater fatigue and poorer HRQoL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ITP is associated with significant fatigue and HRQoL impairment, with IL-12 emerging as a potential immunological marker linked to this symptom burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12678694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145670233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brentuximab vedotin combined with cisplatin, cytarabine, and dexamethasone treatment in transplant-eligible Korean patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma.","authors":"Jun Ho Yi, Young Hoon Park, Myung-Won Lee, Kwai Han Yoo, Junshik Hong, Hyeon-Seok Eom","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00097-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00097-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Brentuximab vedotin (BV)-based combinations have shown promising results in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma (RRHL) in Western countries. We conducted a phase II study to further define the role of BV-based salvage therapy in transplant-eligible patients with RRHL in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Transplant-eligible patients with RRHL were recruited to receive two cycles of BV (1.8 mg/kg) plus DHAP (cisplatin 100 mg/m², cytarabine 2 g/m², and dexamethasone 40 mg). Autologous stem cells were collected from non-progressive patients who received one more cycle of BV-DHAP. After three cycles, the responding patients underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The primary endpoint was a complete metabolic response (CMR) rate after two cycles of BV-DHAP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between April 2022 and August 2024, seven lymphoma cases were recruited. Owing to slow accrual, the study was terminated early. Their median age was 30 years (range, 24-62 years). All patients received at least two cycles of BV-DHAP; the overall response rate (ORR) was 100%, and four patients showed CMR (57%). One patient withdrew consent after the second cycle, and the other six patients received one more cycle of BV-DHAP, resulting in five patients achieving CMR (71%). One patient failed to receive ASCT, and all five patients who received ASCT achieved post-transplant CMR with a 80% complete response (CR) over a 12-month duration. Thrombocytopenia was the most common grade 3 or higher grade hematologic adverse events (n = 5). Grade 2 nausea occurred in three patients. Three patients experienced dose reduction, and four patients experienced treatment delays.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite its encouraging early efficacy, the administration of BV-DHAP in Korean patients with RRHL requires careful monitoring due to toxicity concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12638574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145565755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of hematologic response to ropeginterferon alfa-2b in hydroxyurea-resistant or intolerant polycythemia vera: a real-world data-based analysis.","authors":"Sung-Eun Lee, Seug Yun Yoon, Sung-Yong Kim, Soo-Mee Bang, Insoo Lee, Jihyuk Lee, Junshik Hong","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00110-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00110-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the hematologic response to ropeginterferon alfa-2b versus available therapies in patients with hydroxyurea-resistant or intolerant polycythemia vera (HU-R/I PV) using propensity-matched real-world data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective propensity-matched cohort study compared a single-arm clinical trial cohort with a historical control cohort from five Korean institutions. We included 36 HU-R/I patients from a prospective phase II trial (PV IIT, registration number KCT0006138) and 81 matched historical controls. Propensity score matching and weighted analyses balanced the baseline characteristics (age, sex, disease duration, hematologic parameters, and HU status). The primary endpoint was a complete hematologic response (CHR) at 48 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 48 weeks, ropeginterferon alfa-2b achieved significantly higher CHR rates (52%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 35-70%) than historical controls (15%; 95% CI: 8-27%; odds ratio 0.15; 95% CI: 0.07-0.33; p < 0.0001). This superiority remained consistent across various matching ratios and weighted analyses. Subgroup analyses showed higher response rates to ropeginterferon alfa-2b, regardless of HU status (resistant vs. intolerant), age (< 60 vs. ≥ 60 years), or disease duration (< 5 vs. ≥ 5 years). In the control group, the most common regimen was a combination of HU and phlebotomy (53%) with limited use of ruxolitinib (5.5%). Analyses confirmed robustness with no significant baseline imbalances after matching.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ropeginterferon alfa-2b demonstrated superior early hematologic efficacy compared with conventional salvage therapies in Korean patients with HU-R/I PV. Extended follow-up is warranted to assess the long-term clinical benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12623536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145542966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current immunotherapeutic approaches for relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma: bispecific antibodies and CAR T-Cell therapies.","authors":"So Yeon Park, Gi-June Min","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00105-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00105-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) combines anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies with chemotherapy and has long been the standard first-line treatment for follicular lymphoma (FL). However, a significant subset of patients, particularly those who experience disease progression within 24 months (POD24), continue to experience poor long-term outcomes. Conventional salvage therapies offer limited benefits for high-risk individuals, highlighting the urgent need for novel treatment strategies. T-cell redirecting therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell products and bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), have emerged as effective options in the relapsed/refractory (R/R) setting, demonstrating high response rates and durable remissions, even among patients with POD24 or refractory disease. Although CAR T-cell therapies are associated with deeper and more sustained responses, they also have higher toxicity and greater logistical complexity. In contrast, BsAbs such as mosunetuzumab and epcoritamab offer favorable safety profiles, off-the-shelf availability, and the potential for outpatient administration. Ongoing clinical trials are actively investigating the integration of BsAbs into earlier lines of therapy, including frontline settings, with encouraging results. However, in Korea, access to CAR T-cell therapies and BsAbs remains limited to clinical trials, highlighting the need for broader clinical availability. Ultimately, treatment selection and sequencing should be personalized based on patient comorbidities, prior therapies, tumor biology, and urgency of disease control. As the treatment landscape continues to evolve, immunotherapeutic modalities are expected to play a central role in improving the outcomes of patients with FL.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12623552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145543010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Durable responses and favorable cost-effectiveness of rituximab-based chemoimmunotherapy for primary cold agglutinin disease.","authors":"Kenichi Ito, Tomoko Kitagawa, Saya Motohashi, Kazuhiko Hirano, Naohiro Sekiguchi","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00109-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00109-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12612467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145496996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond anemia: unraveling neutrophil defects and infection susceptibility in β-Thalassemia.","authors":"Chingiz Asadov, Gunay Aliyeva","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00108-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00108-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>β-Thalassemia is characterized by defective β-globin synthesis and chronic transfusion dependence. Beyond anemia and iron overload, patients with β-thalassemia display heightened susceptibility to infections. Neutrophil granulocytes (NGs) are crucial innate immune cells that protect against bacteria through phagocytosis, degranulation, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. Neutrophils in patients with thalassemia exhibit impaired functions, including defective chemotaxis, reduced phagocytic killing, attenuated respiratory burst, and abnormal NET formation. Chronic immune activation and iron overload, with consequent oxidative stress, are key contributors to these defects. Iron accumulation leads to excess free iron and heme, catalyzing ROS production that damages neutrophil membranes and enzymes and induces heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which suppresses immune responses. Neutrophils from patients with thalassemia often show an immature phenotype and increased apoptosis, further compromising innate immunity. A growing body of evidence confirms that systemic iron overload is inversely correlated with neutrophil bactericidal activity. These neutrophil defects contribute to the high risk of infection in thalassemia. Therapeutic strategies such as intensive iron chelation, antioxidants, and modulation of the HO-1 pathway hold promise for restoring neutrophil function. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms may guide the development of new interventions to reduce infectious complications and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12605941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145496998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early CD4 + T cell immune reconstitution as a biomarker for Epstein-Barr virus control following allogeneic transplantation.","authors":"Kexin Lin, Wenwen Yang, Jiaxiu Yin, Jing Luo, Hao Zhou, Lanxiang Liu, Li Yang, Jie Luo, Lin Liu, Junli Mou","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00106-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00106-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Achieving high-quality immune reconstitution (IR) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is directly associated with the patient's ability to resist infections, prevent tumor relapses, and suppress graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The status of CD4 + T cells is critical for reconstituting adaptive immunity after transplantation; however, the patterns of reconstitution and their influencing factors remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study involved 164 patients who underwent myeloablative allo-HSCT from April 2016 to May 2023. Based on the early post-transplantation CD4 + T cell counts, the cohort was divided into two groups: 73 patients with high-quality IR (HIR) and 34 patients with low-quality IR (LIR). LIR was associated with an increased risk of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation following transplantation. Plasma EBV viral load was monitored weekly using quantitative PCR for the first 100 days post-transplantation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LIR group had a higher viral load at the time of the first EBV reactivation and a significantly earlier first reactivation compared to the HIR group. No significant differences were observed in overall survival, GVHD incidence, or relapse rates between the groups. A CD4 + T cell count of < 60 cells/μL within 30 days post-transplantation was associated with a higher incidence of EBV viremia compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that early CD4 + T cell counts may serve as a predictive marker for post-transplant EBV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12586776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145439510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}