Blood Research最新文献

{"title":"Interleukin-10 augments human endogenous retroviral E1B variant of cd5 in aged T cells.","authors":"Bharat Singh, Smita Kumari, Amit Kumar Kureel, Arunim Shah, Shobhita Katiyar, Chandra Prakash Chaturvedi, Kulwant Singh, Ambak Kumar Rai","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00080-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00080-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Aging leads to immune dysfunction, including altered T-cell phenotypes such as the CD5^low state. This study investigated how the exon switch regulates CD5 expression in aging in an interleukin-10 (IL-10)-dominated environment and the involvement of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (CEBP-β) in this process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) was analyzed for E1A and E1B in T cells from young and older adults. The effect of IL-10 treatment on the exon switch was assessed by measuring the E1A and E1B mRNA expression in young T cells. MatInspector analysis identified CEBP-β binding sites upstream of E1A and E1B start sites. The effect of IL-10 on CEBP-β isoforms expression was assessed using western blot, and that on CEBP-β binding onto the E1A and E1B upstream was assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. The short hairpin RNA (shRNA) silencing of CEBP-β was performed to confirm its role in E1A/E1B expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Older individuals showed increased E1B and decreased E1A mRNA expression. IL-10 treatment of young T cells persuaded a similar shift. IL-10 changed CEBP-β binding, reducing its association with the E1B upstream region while increasing its binding to E1A. IL-10 also upregulated the liver-enriched inhibitory protein of CEBP-β. shRNA silencing of CEBP-β reduced E1B expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IL-10-driven exon switching alters CD5 expression in aged T cells, increasing E1B and decreasing E1A through CEBP-β regulation. These findings reveal a novel mechanism underlying fundamental immune aging and suggest potential targets for immune modulation. These insights may have clinical implications in chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancer therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12339811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of CD34⁺ cell dose on outcomes of haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in acute leukemia.","authors":"Haerim Chung, Hye Won Kook, Hyunsoo Cho, Ji Eun Jang, June-Won Cheong","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00091-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00091-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains a curative option for acute leukemia. While an adequate CD34⁺ cell dose is essential for engraftment, the optimal upper threshold in haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (haplo-PBSCT) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 81 patients with acute leukemia who underwent haplo-PBSCT with reduced-intensity conditioning between 2010 and 2020. Patients were stratified by CD34⁺ cell dose (< 8 × 10⁶/kg vs. ≥ 8 × 10⁶/kg). Clinical outcomes, including overall survival (OS), non-relapse mortality (NRM), graft failure, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) incidence, were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A higher CD34⁺ cell dose was associated with inferior OS (P = 0.022) and increased NRM (P = 0.002), despite similar rates of graft failure and acute GVHD. Chronic GVHD was more frequent in the higher dose group, though the difference was not statistically significant. Multivariate Cox analysis confirmed a high CD34⁺ cell dose as an independent predictor of poor OS (HR 2.054, P = 0.031).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that excessively high doses may adversely affect survival by increasing transplant-related toxicity. Graft cell dose should be carefully balanced to optimize outcomes in haplo-PBSCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current practices in peripheral blood stem cell processing and cryopreservation: a nationwide survey of Korean transplant centers.","authors":"Soo-Kyung Kim, Jaeeun Yoo, Jong-Han Lee, Ha-Eun Lee, Jae-Sook Ahn, Kyung-Nam Koh, Byung-Sik Cho, Seong-Kyu Park, Ho Joon Im, Hyunji Lee, Sun-Young Kong","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00090-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00090-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Processing methods for hematopoietic stem cells vary significantly across institutions, with no standardized guidelines currently in place. This lack of standardization presents challenges in ensuring consistent quality and outcomes of stem cell transplantation procedures. This study investigated current practices in peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) processing and storage among transplant centers in Korea to establish a foundation for the development of standardized guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive questionnaire was distributed to 46 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation centers in Korea, examining five key areas: PBSC collection procedures, use of cryopreservatives, cryopreservation protocols, quality control measures, and thawing protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of the 29 responses revealed significant variations across different stages of PBSC handling. All centers used controlled-rate freezers, and 92.9% stored cells at temperatures below -150 <math> <mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow></mrow> <mrow></mrow> <mo>∘</mo></mmultiscripts> <mi>C</mi></mrow> </math> . However, other practices varied widely. Additional post-collection processing was performed by 53.8% of respondents. DMSO concentrations ranged from 5 to 15%, with diverse combinations of supplementary media. Notably, 28.6% of patients did not undergo post-thaw quality assessment tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified significant heterogeneity in PBSC processing practices across Korean transplant centers. These findings underscore the need for evidence-based standardized guidelines to ensure consistent product quality and improve transplantation outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12283502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved survival in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia through therapy intensification based on minimal residual disease and protocol-driven early response risk classification.","authors":"Hyery Kim, Su Hyun Yoon, Sunghan Kang, Kyung-Nam Koh, Ho Joon Im, Daehyun Chu, Mi Young Kim, Young-Uk Cho, Sang-Hyun Hwang, Seongsoo Jang","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00085-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00085-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Minimal residual disease (MRD)-guided therapy is the global standard treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We assessed the impact of MRD-driven intensification along with protocol-defined risk groups in pediatric ALL treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included 209 patients with ALL (treated between January 2013 to June 2023). MRD was assessed using six- to eight-color flow cytometry at the end of each phase before the maintenance phase. Post-induction treatment was determined based on early response, National Cancer Institute risk, and cytogenetics. High-risk (HR) patients followed the Korean HR or CCG-1882 protocols and standard-risk (SR) patients followed the modified COG-AALL0331 protocol. Treatment was intensified if flow-MRD ≥ 0.1% was identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 103 and 106 patients were classified as having SR and HR, respectively. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were 92.5% and 84.3%, respectively. Thirty SR and 18 HR patients received intensified chemotherapy. Treatment intensification significantly improved EFS in patients with high MRD (94.2% vs. 75.5%, p = 0.04), particularly in post-induction patients with high MRD (90.0% vs. 19.0%, p = 0.035). The difference in survival between rapid early responder (RER) and slow early responder (SER) groups was eliminated after MRD-based intensification. The implementation rates of treatment intensification varied over time (9.1% before 2015, 28.6% during 2016-2019, and 13.9% during 2020-2023), reflecting improved risk stratification and therapy selection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRD-guided therapy intensification markedly improved survival outcomes in patients with pediatric ALL when combined with risk-based protocols, highlighting the importance of MRD monitoring for optimizing risk-adapted treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world apixaban concentration in Korean patients with atrial fibrillation.","authors":"Sun Hack Lee, Mijin Kim, Min Sun Kim, Jeongcheon Choe, Jinhee Ahn, Hyewon Lee, Junghyun Choi, Han Cheol Lee, Hyerim Kim, Kwang Soo Cha","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00089-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00089-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Apixaban is recommended for patients with atrial fibrillation. Although routine monitoring of plasma concentrations is not typically advised, factors such as ethnicity, sex, and comorbidities can influence these levels. Our study analyzed the plasma apixaban concentrations (PAC) in patients to explore whether these levels, along with underlying conditions, offer enhanced insights for risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed 49 patients with atrial fibrillation who had been taking apixaban for over a month, examined factor Xa levels within 6 h post-administration, and correlated PAC with clinical characteristics such as age, body weight, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), presence of heart failure, and bleeding events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean plasma concentration of apixaban in all patients was 160.3 ± 77.5 ng/mL. Those taking apixaban 5 mg twice daily had higher plasma concentrations than those taking 2.5 mg twice daily (191.2 ± 75.3 ng/mL vs. 137.2 ± 72.0 ng/mL, p = 0.014). Among the patients receiving a reduced dose, renal function and heart failure were significantly associated with plasma concentrations. No factors were associated with the plasma concentrations in patients receiving the standard dose. Notably, reduced-dose patients with heart failure had plasma concentrations comparable to those of individuals receiving the standard dose and exhibited a higher incidence of bleeding than the other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PAC measurement revealed that apixaban dosages, classified based on age, body weight, and eGFR, were generally effective. Nonetheless, heart failure may increase plasma levels and correlate with an increased bleeding risk in Korean patients on reduced doses. Therefore, tailoring apixaban prescriptions to account for heart failure and other comorbidities may enhance treatment efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SOX4 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: the forgotten transcription factor.","authors":"Ricardo García-Muñoz, Jone Alberdi-Ballina, Giovanna Farfan-Quiroga, Eloy F Robles, María José Larráyoz, María José Calasanz, José Ángel Martínez-Climent, Carlos Panizo, Javier Larreina-Pérez, Sofía Rincón-López, Johelys Atencio-Matos, Andrea Campeny-Najara, Ada Esteban-Figuerola, Montserrat Hernandez-Perez, Puy Garrastachu-Zumaran, María Velasco-Ruiz, Estefanía Ruiz de Gaona, Jesús Feliu","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00086-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00086-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>SRY-box transcription factor 4 (SOX4) is a transcription factor involved in early B cell development and has been implicated in various malignancies; however, its role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains poorly understood. This study investigated the correlation between SOX4 expression and prognostic factors in CLL to determine its relevance to disease progression and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of patients with CLL with a known immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (IGHV) mutational status was analyzed for SOX4 expression using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Correlations between SOX4 levels and established prognostic markers including IGHV mutational status, cytogenetic abnormalities, and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the association between SOX4 expression and patient survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher SOX4 expression was observed to be significantly associated with unmutated CLL (U-CLL) and adverse prognostic markers, including del(17)(p13). In contrast, lower SOX4 levels were observed in mutated CLL (M-CLL), and cytogenetic abnormalities were noted to be linked to favorable outcomes [del(13)(q21)]. Survival analysis indicated that elevated SOX4 expression was correlated with poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SOX4 expression stratifies CLL subtypes and aligns with established prognostic markers. High SOX4 levels are associated with aggressive disease phenotypes, whereas low SOX4 expression is associated with better clinical outcomes. These findings indicate that SOX4 may serve as a potential biomarker for disease classification and risk stratification. Further studies are required to elucidate the biological significance of this phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effusion cytology of EBV-associated lymphoma: a concise review.","authors":"Chih-Yi Liu, Yen-Chuan Hsieh, Sheng-Tsung Chang, Hung-Chang Wu, Shang-Wen Chen, Shih-Sung Chuang","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00088-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00088-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphomas can, on rare occasions, involve body cavities, making effusion cytology an important diagnostic tool. This mini-review explores the spectrum of EBV-related lymphomas that may be detected in serous fluids, including EBV-positive nodal T/NK-cell lymphoma (EBV + nT/NKCL), extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma, EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and classic Hodgkin lymphoma. We present an index case of EBV + nT/NKCL with lymphomatous pleural effusion and discuss the cytologic features, differential diagnoses, and role of ancillary studies such as immunocytochemistry, EBER in situ hybridization, and molecular assays. Accurate diagnosis requires the integration of cytomorphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular findings with clinical information to establish a definitive diagnosis and distinguish these aggressive lymphomas from reactive and non-hematologic mimics.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic risk factors for central nervous system relapse in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.","authors":"Shiyu Jiang, Qunling Zhang, Jia Jin, Wenhao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00087-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00087-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Central nervous system (CNS) relapse is associated with poor survival, and remains an unmet challenge in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Identifying patients at high risk of CNS relapse and offering prophylactic treatment could improve patient prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we studied 234 patients with DLBCL using open patient-level clinical and sequencing data to explore risk factors for CNS relapse. Patients were divided into Cohort A (CNS involvement at baseline), Cohort B (CNS recurrence), and Cohort C (patients without secondary CNS involvement and with a follow-up interval > 3 years). We investigated the risk factors for CNS relapse in Cohorts B + C.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetic alterations with statistical significance, determined by univariate analysis, and an incidence rate ≥ 5%, together with clinical factors, correlated with CNS relapse risk in a multivariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that concomitant MYD88 L265P and CDKN2A loss (p = 0.012), TET2 mutation (p = 0.037), ARID1A mutation (p = 0.010), and INO80 (p = 0.002) were independently correlated with a high risk of CNS relapse after adjusting for the IPI risk groups, B symptom and cell of origin (COO). The classifier that integrated genomic risk factors was superior in predicting CNS relapse (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC]: 0.91) compared with the IPI (AUROC: 0.77, p < 0.001) or IPI in combination with COO classifiers (AUROC: 0.81, p = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified several genomic alterations as risk factors for CNS relapse.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12214237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of older patients with Hodgkin lymphoma.","authors":"Chung Hyun Park, Hyunsoo Cho, Soo-Jeong Kim","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00084-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00084-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Older patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) often experience poor outcomes due to age-related comorbidities and treatment-related toxicity. Comprehensive geriatric assessment and supportive care measures, including pre-phase corticosteroids, growth factor prophylaxis, and organ function monitoring, are essential for optimizing treatment tolerance in this vulnerable patient population. Recent phase III trial (S1826) demonstrated that nivolumab plus doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (Nivo + AVD) significantly improves progression-free survival and is better tolerated than brentuximab vedotin (BV) + AVD, particularly in patients over 60 years of age. Given its efficacy and reduced toxicity, Nivo + AVD is likely to become a key treatment option for fit older patients with HL. For frail patients, chemo-free approaches with BV and checkpoint inhibitors remain viable alternatives. Future research should refine fitness-based treatment strategies, integrate novel agents, and enhance supportive care to improve outcomes and minimize treatment-related toxicity in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12162405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of HLA locus mismatch on peripheral blood allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors using an ATG-based GVHD prophylaxis strategy.","authors":"Jiawen Wang, Yanping Liu, Han Zhu, Kourong Miao","doi":"10.1007/s44313-025-00082-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44313-025-00082-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an important treatment option for hematologic diseases. However, limited studies have evaluated the prognosis of patients receiving single human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatched unrelated donor allo-HSCT (HLA 9/10 MMUD-HSCT) compared to those receiving fully matched unrelated donor allo-HSCT (10/10 MUD-HSCT). This study retrospectively analyzed 126 cases of unrelated donor allo-HSCT (URD-HSCT) at our center, in which anti-human thymocyte globulin (ATG, 7.5 mg/kg) was used as a graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis strategy. The MUD-HSCT group had a significantly lower incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD (13.89% vs. 35.19% in the MMUD-HSCT group, p = 0.005). In contrast, the incidence of moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD (cGVHD) did not differ significantly between the two groups (16.67% vs. 29.63%, p = 0.083). The median follow-up time was 16.98 months (range: 7.88-38.55). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the 1-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) (p = 0.707), 3-year CIR (p = 0.764), 1-year disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.954), 3-year DFS (p = 0.888), 1-year overall survival (OS) (p = 0.611), 3-year OS (p = 0.796), 3-year non-relapse mortality (NRM) (p = 0.711), or GVHD-free relapse-free survival (GRFS) (p = 0.546). The estimated median OS and DFS times were not reached in either group. In conclusion, under an ATG-based GVHD prophylaxis regimen, HLA 9/10 MMUD-HSCT is a viable alternative donor option, offering comparable clinical outcomes to those of fully matched unrelated donor HSCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":46224,"journal":{"name":"Blood Research","volume":"60 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}