Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease最新文献

{"title":"Risk factors for multiple skin abscesses among community-recruited people who inject drugs in Los Angeles, CA, and Denver, CO: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Siddhi S Ganesh, Gilbert A Orta Portillo, Daniel R Trigo, Katrina Ninh, Karina Dominguez Gonzalez, Patricia Wilkins, Eric Kovalsky, Karen F Corsi, Joshua Barocas, Ricky N Bluthenthal","doi":"10.1177/20499361251344765","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251344765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Skin abscesses are one of the most common infections among people who inject drugs (PWID).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine factors associated with the frequency of abscesses in the previous 3 months among PWID.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a prospective longitudinal cohort of PWID.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between April 2021 and November 2022, PWID were recruited from community settings in Los Angeles, CA, and Denver, CO. Participants completed an interview covering sociodemographic, drug use, and related risk behaviors. Participants were asked if they had abscesses in the last 3 months. Those reporting \"<i>yes</i>\" quantified the number of abscesses. Responses were classified as <i>None</i>, 1, or 2 or <i>more</i>. We used bivariate analysis and multi-nominal regression to examine factors associated with the frequency of abscesses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among participants (<i>n</i> = 472), 62% reported no abscesses, 16% reported 1 abscess, and 22% reported 2+ abscesses in the last 3 months. Compared to participants with no abscess, 1 abscess was associated with receiving buprenorphine treatment (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.27; 95% CI = 1.58, 6.78), being injected by another person (AOR = 3.06; 95% CI = 1.72, 5.45), injecting 3+ times a day (as compared to less than daily, AOR = 2.92; 95% CI = 1.28, 6.65), licking syringe prior to injection (AOR = 1.96; 95% CI = 1.03, 3.74), and being Latino (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.12, 0.54). Having 2+ abscess was associated with daily heroin use (AOR = 2.35; 95% CI = 1.26, 4.39), being injected by another person (AOR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.16, 3.18), daily methamphetamines use (0.50; 95% CI = 0.30, 0.83) and those reporting 10+ rushed injection (as compared to none, AOR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.04, 3.29) in the last 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings underscore a multi-level approach to reducing abscesses in this population. Increased education around safe injection practices, institutional interventions-that is, addressing healthcare stigmatization and expanding clinical harm reduction-as well as structural interventions (safe supply, overdose prevention programs, housing) should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251344765"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiviral therapy for influenza in high-risk outpatients: a multicenter observational study of routine clinical practice in Russia.","authors":"Ivan Tokin, Dmitry Lioznov, Artem Poromov, Tatyana Zubkova, Valerii Tsvetkov, Olesya Nikitina, Olga Pobegalova, Natalia Pshenichnaya, Viktor Renev, Anastasiya Podgornaya","doi":"10.1177/20499361251347726","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251347726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Influenza is a significant public health challenge, characterized by severe disease progression and considerable societal burden. Patients at high risk of influenza-related complications require special attention in routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effects of antiviral treatments for influenza on the incidence of bacterial complications, adverse events, and disease duration in high-risk outpatients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Multicenter, non-interventional, observational cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted during the 2023-2024 influenza epidemic season and included 1867 high-risk outpatients treated with oseltamivir, umifenovir, kagocel, or imidazolyl ethanamide pentanedioic acid.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bacterial complications occurred in 18.87% (<i>n</i> = 335) of high-risk patients, with 17.41% (<i>n</i> = 309) requiring antibacterial therapy. The hospitalization rate was 1.24% (<i>n</i> = 22), and the average disease duration was 8 days. The incidence of bacterial complications varied among treatment groups: oseltamivir (18.96%, <i>n</i> = 102), umifenovir (12.17%%, <i>n</i> = 51), kagocel (22.00%%, <i>n</i> = 110), and imidazolyl ethanamide pentanedioic acid (22.64%%, <i>n</i> = 72). Adverse events were reported in 4.76% (<i>n</i> = 84) of patients, most commonly gastrointestinal disorders (91.67%, <i>n</i> = 77), followed by allergic reactions (8.33%, <i>n</i> = 7). The incidence of adverse events was significantly higher in the oseltamivir group compared to other treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The etiotropic agents oseltamivir and umifenovir demonstrated comparable efficacy in managing influenza in high-risk patients, as reflected by their impact on bacterial complication rates and disease duration. Both drugs may be recommended for the treatment of high-risk influenza patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251347726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author response to comment on: a case of intercurrent shigellosis and rectal gonorrhea in an acutely unwell febrile returned traveler.","authors":"Charlotte Fuller, Ruchika Bagga, Ezra Bado, Syed Zain Ahmad, Andrea K Boggild","doi":"10.1177/20499361251350872","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251350872","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251350872"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with hyperuricemia among people living with HIV in Uganda: a cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital in Uganda.","authors":"Jeremiah Mutinye Kwesiga, Reagan Nkonge, Brenda Namanda, Martin Nabwana, Joseph Baruch Baluku","doi":"10.1177/20499361251347698","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251347698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperuricemia is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among people with HIV (PLWH). However, there is a paucity of studies examining the factors associated with hyperuricemia among PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hyperuricemia among PLWH at a tertiary hospital in Uganda.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study among PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the HIV clinic at Kiruddu National Referral Hospital in Kampala, Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and analysis of fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, glycated hemoglobin, and serum uric acid of blood samples from participants. Modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to assess factors associated with hyperuricemia. Statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05 for all analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 390 PLWH, the mean (SD) age was 41.4 (12.3) years, and 209 (53.6%) were female. A total of 360 (92.3%) were on dolutegravir-based ART regimens, and 94.7% (306/323) were virally suppressed (viral load < 1000 copies/mL). The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 21.3% (83/390). Current alcohol use (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.41, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and increased respiratory rate (aPR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.16, <i>p</i> = 0.015) were independently associated with hyperuricemia. Lower oxygen saturation, duration on ART, and increased diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, weight, BMI, and circumferences (waist, hip, neck, and mid-upper arm) were associated with hyperuricemia at bivariable analysis but lost significance after adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>One in five PLWH had hyperuricemia in this study. Alcohol use was identified as a potential modifiable risk factor for hyperuricemia. While alcohol cessation programs are needed to mitigate the risk of hyperuricemia, studies should explore the effect of hyperuricemia on lung function among PLWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251347698"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective reporting of antibiotic susceptibility testing results: a retrospective evaluation of a nudging strategy to improve antibiotic prescribing for ampC-producing <i>Enterobacterales</i> infections in hospitalized adults.","authors":"Andy Lim, Terrence McSweeney, Phyu M Thwe, Mei H Chang, Hongkai Bao, Philip Lee, Kelsie Cowman, Priya Nori, Yi Guo","doi":"10.1177/20499361251338017","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251338017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Moderate-risk ampC beta-lactamase-producing <i>Enterobacterales</i> (HECK-Yes organisms) render many beta-lactams ineffective.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluates selective reporting (SR) of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results to improve antibiotic prescribing for these infections.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective quasi-experimental study evaluating patients before and after the implementation of SR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SR of AST results for HECK-Yes organisms was implemented at a 1500-bed medical center. A retrospective study compared antibiotic prescribing before and after implementation in patients with positive blood or respiratory cultures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty patients were included in both pre- and post-implementation groups with similar baseline characteristics. Post-implementation, appropriate antibiotics within 24 h of AST report increased by 24% (62% pre vs 86% post, <i>p</i> = 0.01). A total of 30-day mortality, clinical success, and microbiological failure rates were similar between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SR improved appropriate antibiotic prescribing for moderate-risk ampC-producing <i>Enterobacterales</i> (e.g., HECK-Yes) infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251338017"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: A case of intercurrent shigellosis and rectal gonorrhea in an acutely unwell febrile returned traveler by Fuller et al.","authors":"Robert Taylor, Lewis C E Mason, Claire Jenkins, Holly D Mitchell, Kate S Baker, Daniel Richardson","doi":"10.1177/20499361251347703","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251347703","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251347703"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidrug-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and its coexistence with β-lactamases at a tertiary care hospital in a low-resource setting: a cross-sectional study with an association of risk factors.","authors":"Pragyan Dahal, Mahendra Shrestha, Manisha Maharjan, Ranjana Parajuli","doi":"10.1177/20499361251345920","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251345920","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;i&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; is known to cause hospital-acquired infections. This bacterium produces β-lactamase enzymes that enzymatically degrade β-lactam drugs, reducing their efficacy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The objective of this investigation was to examine the occurrence, susceptibility, and production of various β-lactamases by multidrug-resistant &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; (MDR-PA) and to determine the risk factors associated with extensively drug-resistant &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; (XDR-PA) and their β-lactamases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the occurrence, susceptibility, and β-lactamase production of MDR-PA and the risk factors associated with XDR-PA. The study involved collecting and analyzing 390 specimens from different 390 participants over a period from August 2021 to April 2023.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study utilized standard methodologies to screen and characterize &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt;. The antimicrobial-resistant patterns and presence of MDR-PA and XDR-PA were determined following standard guidelines supported by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) using various methods such as the disk diffusion method and colistin disk elution tests. Combined disk and inhibitor-based tests were used to determine extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), Metallo-β-lactamases (MBL), and AmpC-β-lactamases (AmpC) using two different methods. Clinical data were extracted from the medical records and patient requisition forms provided by clinicians. Clinical data were extracted for XDR-PA and β-lactamases applying binary logistic regression by adjusting for the confounding factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In our study, the antimicrobial-resistant pattern showed significant differences (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05) in the antibiotic-resistant pattern among β-lactamase and non-β-lactamase. The prevalence of MBL-&lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt; was determined to be 13.5%, while ESBL accounted for 23.8%, and &lt;i&gt;AmpC&lt;/i&gt; accounted for 20.5%. Coexistence of MBL + ESBL, ESBL + AmpC, MBL + &lt;i&gt;AmpC&lt;/i&gt;, and MBL + ESBL + &lt;i&gt;AmpC&lt;/i&gt; was determined to be 5.3%, 2.8%, 2.3%, and 4.1%, respectively. Among the nine assessed risk factors in a multivariate regression model, prolonged hospital stays (odd ratio = 11.2, 95% CI 3.7-33.8) provided substantial risk compared to other risk factors for the colonization of XDR-PA. Similarly, in a multivariate model, previous therapy with immunosuppressant drugs (OR = 6.7, 95% CI 1.5-29.3) was found to be the leading risk factor for the colonization of β-lactamase producers &lt;i&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Identification of XDR-PA and β-lactamases among MDR-PA isolates is crucial to prevent the use of unnecessary antibiotics. Early and prompt diagnosis of drug-resistant pathogens prevents treatment failure and encourages proper antibiotic therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to implement strict po","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251345920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12177236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjunctive β-lactams for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> bacteremia: a narrative review.","authors":"Daniel B Chastain, Bryan P White, Andrés F Henao-Martínez, Patrick J Tu, Christopher M Bland, Rachel A Foster, David B Cluck","doi":"10.1177/20499361251343969","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251343969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> bacteremia (SAB) remains a major clinical challenge, with persistently high mortality despite advancements in antimicrobial therapy. The evolving epidemiology of SAB, characterized by a rise in community-acquired infections, increased use of indwelling medical devices, and a growing burden of metastatic complications, adds to its complexity. Given these challenges, adjunctive β-lactam therapy has been proposed as a strategy to enhance bactericidal activity and improve patient outcomes. β-lactams may exert synergistic effects when combined with other antistaphylococcal agents by saturating multiple penicillin-binding proteins and modifying bacterial cell wall structure, thereby increasing susceptibility to host immune responses. Early evidence for adjunctive β-lactam therapy emerged from retrospective studies and incidental observations of \"unplanned synergy,\" which suggested improved bacterial clearance. Subsequent randomized controlled trials have explored this approach, with some demonstrating reductions in bacteremia duration. However, survival benefits have been inconsistent, and concerns regarding acute kidney injury (AKI) have tempered enthusiasm. Recent investigations, however, suggest that judicious β-lactam selection and targeted patient selection can mitigate AKI risk. A limitation of many randomized controlled trials evaluating combination therapy for SAB is the adoption of uniform treatment protocols that fail to account for patient heterogeneity. This approach may limit the generalizability of findings and obscure potential benefits in specific patient subgroups. Conversely, retrospective analyses suggest that high-risk patients, including those with rapid blood culture positivity, inadequate source control, significant comorbidities, and metastatic disease, may derive the greatest benefit from early combination therapy. Optimizing SAB management necessitates a multifaceted strategy that incorporates patient-specific clinical factors, refined risk stratification, and innovative assessment frameworks. Approaches such as the Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) and Response Adjusted for Duration of Antibiotic Risk (RADAR) enable holistic evaluations of treatment efficacy and safety, accounting for the overall patient experience. Future research should prioritize individualized treatment strategies, leveraging biomarkers and refined risk stratification to identify patients most likely to benefit from adjunct β-lactam therapy while minimizing adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251343969"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B virus genotypes and antiviral drug resistance mutations in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B in Bacninh, Vietnam: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Minh-Cong Hoang, Hong-Quan Duong, Van-Duyet Le, Thi-Thuy-Nga Nguyen, Van-Lang Ngo, The-Hung Dang","doi":"10.1177/20499361251344784","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251344784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vietnam has one of the highest hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection rates, with approximately 8 million people affected. Although antiviral drug resistance mutations have been reported in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B, there is limited data on primary drug resistance mutations in circulating genotypes within this population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate primary antiviral drug resistance mutations and common HBV genotypes in treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B, particularly in cases without well-characterized resistance profiles.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed HBV genotypes and antiviral drug resistance mutations in 113 treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B in the Yenphong Medical Center, Bacninh Vietnam. The reverse transcriptase (RT) region of the HBV polymerase genes was sequenced to detect mutations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genotypes B, C, and G were identified in 85.0% (96/133), 14.1% (16/133), and 0.9% (1/133) of treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B, respectively. Mutations in the RT region associated with antiviral drug resistance were detected in 32.7% (37/113) of patients. In addition, the most frequent resistance mutations were rtV207M (89.2%, 33/37), followed by A194T, L180M + M204V, V173L + M204I + L80I, and A181T + V207M + A181T, each observed in 2.7% (1/37). Notably, no significant associations were found between resistance mutations and HBV genotype, gender, age, hepatitis B e-antigen status, baseline HBV DNA levels, or level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the presence of primary resistance mutations in treatment-naïve patients and underscores the importance of genotypic screening prior to initiating therapy. These findings may inform treatment strategies and help reduce the risk of treatment failure, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251344784"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role and prospects of skin microbiota in dermatosis.","authors":"Yuanyuan Chen, Zhijian Yao, Zhuren Ruan, Gao Wei, Wenjun Zheng, Xianghui Li","doi":"10.1177/20499361251333562","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361251333562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The skin microbiota is crucial in defending against toxic, solar, and pathogenic assaults, yet it can also precipitate dermatosis when its equilibrium is disrupted. The composition and distribution of various microorganisms within the skin maintain a dynamic balance, modulating the barrier function and the immune system, thereby constituting the skin microbiota. This microbiota not only offers new insights into pathological microbe-host interactions and associated dermatoses but also inspires innovative therapeutic strategies that promise high efficacy and reduced symptomatology. In this review, we synthesize recent advancements in the field of skin microbiota, focusing on its relationship with dermatosis and the application of microbiota-based therapies in skin diseases. Our aim is to scrutinize the current understanding of the skin microbiota's role, ranging from a protective barrier to a causative agent of dermatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251333562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}