Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease最新文献

{"title":"HIV-hypertension treatment outcomes among adults on antiretroviral therapy in two states in Northern and Southern Nigeria: a cross-sectional design approach.","authors":"Oluseye Ayodele Ajayi, Deborah Babatunde, Oluwaseun Kikelomo Ajayi, Temitope Olumuyiwa Ojo, Prosper Okonkwo","doi":"10.1177/20499361241293704","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361241293704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The combined effect of the aging human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population, HIV's natural progression, and HIV drugs have great implications for comorbidity burden and hypertension control among people living with HIV (PLHIV).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study assessed hypertension burden, treatment outcomes, and treatment outcome predictors among PLHIV in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 2613 adult PLHIV who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) between 2004 and 2020 in two HIV clinics in Northern and Southern Nigeria. Study outcomes were: (1) controlled blood pressure defined as two consecutive blood pressure (BP) measurements of <140/90 mmHg (Joint National Committee guideline (JNC) 7) on the interview day in previously diagnosed hypertensive participants; and (2) HIV viral suppression defined as recent viral load count of <1000 copies/ml in a hypertensive participant. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences IBM version 23. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to ascertain factors associated with the study outcomes at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The mean age of respondents at the point of the study was 45.3 ± 9.8 years. Most of the participants were female, 1940 (74.2%), on a dolutegravir-based therapy, 2433 (93.2%). About 452 (17.3%) of the participants had clinically diagnosed hypertension. Of those diagnosed hypertensives, 443 (98.0%) were on antihypertensive drugs. About 407 (90.0%) and 229 (51.7%) of the hypertensive PLHIV had HIV viral suppression and controlled hypertension respectively. Factors associated with controlled hypertension were age at ART initiation (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.98), use of thiazide only antihypertensive (AOR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.73-3.24, Ref: calcium channel blocker only) and thiazide-calcium channel blocker combination (AOR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.05-4.58). No hypertension comorbidity-related factors were found to be associated with HIV viral suppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is suboptimal hypertension control among hypertensive PLHIV especially those on non-thiazide-based antihypertensive drugs. Close monitoring should be given to hypertension management in PLHIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of an antibiotic stewardship program on adherence to antibiotic prescription in children admitted with urinary tract infection.","authors":"Giulia Brigadoi, Cecilia Liberati, Emelyne Gres, Elisa Barbieri, Elena Boreggio, Sara Rossin, Francesca Tirelli, Francesca Tesser, Lorenzo Chiusaroli, Giulia Camilla Demarin, Linda Maestri, Carlo Giaquinto, Liviana Da Dalt, Silvia Bressan, Daniele Donà","doi":"10.1177/20499361241282824","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361241282824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections in children. The high variability in pathogen susceptibility rates leads to the lack of clear guidelines for empiric and targeted therapies. In this view, local microbiological surveillance and locally adapted stewardship interventions need to be implemented.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aims to describe the results of a pediatric antimicrobial stewardship program on antibiotic prescriptions for UTIs over 8 years in a pediatric general ward of a tertiary center.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This quasi-experimental study was conducted between 2015 and 2022, with two different implementations, one in 2018 and one in 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Demographic, clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic data were retrieved from the electronic clinical records of included patients. The primary outcomes were adherence to local guidelines for empiric therapies and the adequacy of targeted therapy. Secondary outcomes were evaluating antibiotic prescription patterns stratified by antibiotics during hospital stay and at discharge, and assessing the microbiological characteristics of UTI episodes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 7038 patients were admitted to the pediatric acute care unit (PACU), and 264 (3.7%) were included in this study. Adherence to local guidelines was highest immediately after the interventions, and it slightly decreased thereafter. Use of cephalosporins remained high throughout the 8 years but the changing microbiological scenario observed led to changing recommendations within the study period. An increase in <i>E. coli</i> strains resistant to co-amoxiclav was observed in the last years. Oral second-line agent consumption remained high but was adequate considering the prevalence of resistant bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The variability of antimicrobial consumption reflects the changing resistance patterns for UTIs pathogens, underlying the importance of locally adapted, persevering antimicrobial stewardship interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current practice of screening and antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent Gram-negative bacterial infection in high-risk haematology patients: results from a pan-European survey.","authors":"Jannik Stemler, Eleni Gavriilaki, Oksana Hlukhareva, Nina Khanna, Dionysios Neofytos, Murat Akova, Livio Pagano, José-Miguel Cisneros, Oliver A Cornely, Jon Salmanton-García","doi":"10.1177/20499361241271863","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361241271863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bacterial infections frequently occur in haematological patients, especially during prolonged neutropenia after intensive chemotherapy, often leading to bloodstream infections and pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Routine antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) for high-risk haematology patients is still debated while prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) is rising globally. We aimed to assess the current practice of AMP in this population.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional observational survey study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Haematologists and infectious diseases physicians Europewide were invited to an online survey including questions on routine screening for GNB, incidence of MDR-GNB colonization, antimicrobial prophylaxis practices, rates of bloodstream infections (BSI), ICU admission and mortality differentiated by infections due to GNB versus MDR-GNB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>120 haematology centres from 28 countries participated. Screening for MDR-GNB is performed in 86.7% of centres, mostly via rectal swabs (58.3%). In 39.2% of routine AMP is used, mostly with fluoroquinolones. Estimates of GNB-BSI yielded higher rates in patients not receiving anti-GNB prophylaxis than in those who do for <i>E. coli</i> (10% vs 7%) <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. (10% vs 5%), and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. (5% vs 4%). Rates for MDR-GNB infection were estimated lower in centres that administer AMP for MDR <i>E. coli</i> (5% vs 3%) <i>Klebsiella</i> spp. (5% vs 3%), and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. (2% vs 1%). In an exploratory analysis, Southern and Eastern European countries expected higher rates of MDR-GNB infections with lower ICU admission and mortality rates which may be subject to estimation bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Screening for MDR-GNB is frequently performed. AMP against GNB infections is still often implemented. Estimated BSI rates are rather low, while the rate of MDR-GNB infections rises. Tailored prophylaxis including antimicrobial stewardship becomes more important.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urgent call for vaccine supply to Africa amid ongoing Mpox clade I outbreak: addressing a public health emergency of international concern.","authors":"Jack Feehan, Ranjit Sah, Rachana Mehta, Kahumba Byanga, Krishnan Anand, Martin Krsak, Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq, Andrés F Henao-Martínez, Vasso Apostolopoulos","doi":"10.1177/20499361241290965","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361241290965","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and opportunities in the face of Mpox in Latin America.","authors":"Diego Alejandro Cubides-Diaz, Carlos Arturo Alvarez-Moreno","doi":"10.1177/20499361241292627","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361241292627","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The top 10 papers on the treatment of invasive fungal infections, 2018-2023.","authors":"Kayla R Stover, Harleigh M Aldridge, Katherine L Pollan, Douglas Slain, Christopher M Bland, P Brandon Bookstaver, Katie E Barber","doi":"10.1177/20499361241290349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361241290349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive fungal infections are responsible for a large number of infections in hospitalized patients annually and are responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Familiarity with novel agents or strategies in this area can be challenging.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify the top 10 manuscripts on the treatment of invasive fungal infections from 2018 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Modified Delphi consensus-building technique.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A three-stage consensus-building approach was used comprised of (1) identifying relevant articles; (2) voting by a panel of experts to establish consensus on the importance of these articles; and (3) finalizing the list of top articles by a small group. Members of the Southeastern Research Group Endeavor network served as content experts. Publications from 2018 to 2023 were evaluated if articles met the following inclusion criteria: (1) published between 2018 and 2023, (2) contained content related to fungal infections, and (3) included an actionable intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6518 potential publications were assessed. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 82 articles were reviewed. The top 10 publications related to invasive fungal infections, selected by a panel of experts, are summarized in this manuscript and include publications related to the treatment of invasive aspergillosis, candidiasis, and cryptococcosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article highlights the selected publications and may serve as a key resource for teaching and training. Clinicians may also employ these reported interventions to identify new opportunities to optimize antifungal therapeutic strategies within one's institution.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11494669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescribing equity: physicians as advocates for access to essential medicines. A call to action from medical graduates.","authors":"Emmanuel Adams-Gelinas, Amanda Bianco, Virginie Boisvert-Plante, Santina Conte, Inès Dupuis, Anda Gaita, Lina Hadidi, Yutong Huang, Meryem Jabrane, Kimiya Kaffash, Loubna Lamrani, Marine Leblanc, Sara Marier, Alexander Moise, Chloe Pereira-Kelton, Amélie Rochon, Shanti Rumjahn-Gryte, Veronika Svistkova, Marie-Catherine Viau, Kiana Yau","doi":"10.1177/20499361241281136","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361241281136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to incident hypertension and independent predictors among people living with HIV in Nigeria.","authors":"Oluseye Ayodele Ajayi, Prosper Okonkwo, Temitope Olumuyiwa Ojo, Oluwaseun Kikelomo Ajayi, Olabanjo Ogunsola, Emmanuel Osayi, Ifeyinwa Onwuatuelo, Jay Osi Samuels","doi":"10.1177/20499361241289800","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20499361241289800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the time to hypertension occurrence after antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and its determinants is important for designing interventions for control.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to estimate the median time of ART use to hypertension onset and its predictors in Nigerian PLHIV.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective longitudinal study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective review of 2503 normotensive adult PLHIV (⩾18 years) from 2004 to 2020 in two HIV clinics in Nigeria. Incident hypertension was based on clinical diagnosis or two consecutive blood pressure readings ⩾140/90 mmHg, taken during the 8 months of data collection. Survival event was defined as incident hypertension during follow-up or interview day for observed patients unless they were right censored. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to estimate the survival probabilities of hypertension. The Cox proportional hazard model was fitted to identify predictors of hypertension at <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2503 PLHIV was followed up. The majority were females (74.6%) and on Dolutegravir-based therapy (93.0%). About 22 (0.9%) were diabetic. Median age at ART initiation was 35 (interquartile range: 29-41) years. The median period of follow-up was 12.0 ± 3.9 years. The cumulative incidence of hypertension was 32.5% (381/2540), with an incidence rate of 40.1/1000 person-years. The median time to incident hypertension was 17.0 years (95% CI: 12.5-21.5 years). Shorter hypertension-free survival times were seen in males, those aged 60+, with diabetes, unsuppressed viral load, history of tuberculosis, other opportunistic infections, or co-trimoxazole use. Significant risk factors included male sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1-1.6), middle age (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.7-3.2), old age (AOR = 5.6, 95% CI = 3.9-8.4), and unsuppressed viral load (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.3-2.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypertension is commoner among PLHIV with unsuppressed viral load, males, and persons older than 40 years. Effective ART with viral suppression remains essential. Incorporating regular hypertension screening and treatment into HIV care is necessary for optimum health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11489917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous manifestations of deep mycoses in Nigeria: a systematic review.","authors":"Thelma E Bassey, Ikechukwu Okekemba, Walter O Egbara, Promise Owai, Love E Okafor, David E Elem, Geraldine L Edim, Asukwo Onukak, Bassey E Ekeng","doi":"10.1177/20499361241286973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361241286973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deep mycoses are serious fungal diseases commonly associated with the immunocompromised but can also present in the immunocompetent following severe exposure to fungal pathogens. Included in this group are subcutaneous and systemic fungal infections.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Reviews highlighting skin involvement in patients with deep mycosis in the Nigerian setting are sparse in the literature. This systematic review summarized the clinical presentation, risk factors, and diagnosis of deep mycosis presenting with cutaneous manifestations in Nigerians.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This was a systematic review conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Data sources and methods: </strong>PubMed, Google Scholar, and the African Journal Online database were searched from inception to February 2024 to identify published articles from Nigeria on deep mycoses with cutaneous manifestations. We included single case reports and case series on cutaneous involvement in deep fungal infections in Nigeria. Review articles, guidelines, meta-analyses, animal studies, and fungal studies not relating to the Nigerian setting were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 16 well-documented articles on deep cutaneous mycoses published in Nigeria over the past six decades which amounted to 137 cases; 102 (74.5%) cases were reported before the year 2000, while the remainder were published within the past two decades. The 137 cases were majorly histoplasmosis (<i>n</i> = 87, 63.5%) and eumycetoma (<i>n</i> = 19, 13.9%) and predominant risk factors, farming (<i>n</i> = 13, 9.5%) and diabetes mellitus (<i>n</i> = 3, 2.2%), The diagnosis of cases was predominantly via histopathology (<i>n</i> =131, 95.6%) with a few cases diagnosed by fungal culture (<i>n</i> = 15, 10.9%), and antigen assay (<i>n</i> = 1, 0.7%) respectively. Twenty-one (15.3%) were clinically diagnosed as cancers including a case of carcinoma of the skin, and one each (0.7%) as skin tuberculosis or neurofibromatosis but all histologically confirmed as deep cutaneous mycoses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The decline of reports on deep cutaneous mycoses in recent times suggests neglect or a low index of suspicion from attending clinicians. This is further buttressed in the misdiagnosis of cases as other clinical entities. Ensuring a histological diagnosis of skin lesions, especially in at-risk patients will mitigate these gaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11483805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with surgical site infections among mothers after cesarean section at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda: an observational retrospective study.","authors":"Daniel Chans Mwandah, Tadele Mekuriya Yadesa, Ivan Ibanda, Aboda Alex Komakech, Deo Kyambadde, Joseph Ngonzi","doi":"10.1177/20499361241286838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361241286838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The risk of infection following cesarean delivery is 5-20 times higher than that following normal delivery, contributing to 10% of pregnancy-related mortality. In 2019, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) performed cesarean section for 40% of deliveries, surpassing the WHO's recommended 15%-20%. The availability and provision of effective prophylactic antibiotics are crucial in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the prevalence and predictors of SSIs among mothers after cesarean section, length of hospital stay, and antibiotic use at MRRH.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This was an observational retrospective study conducted in the maternity ward of the MRRH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on the diagnosis of SSI, length of hospital stay, and antibiotic use were extracted and entered into EpiData software version 3.1 and analyzed using STATA version 15. We conducted logistic regression analysis to identify factors independently associated with SSIs. We also compared the length of hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of post-cesarean SSIs was 7.9% (95% CI: 6.3%-9.9%). Mothers aged 25 years and younger were less likely to develop SSIs (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.53, 95% CI: 0.30-0.93; <i>p</i> = 0.027). Those with more than six pregnancies were more likely to develop SSIs (aOR: 3.4; 95% CI: 1.35-8.58; <i>p</i> = 0.009). The median length of stay was 8 days for mothers who developed an SSI (interquartile range (IQR): 5, 16) and 3 (IQR: 3, 4) days for those who did not (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Prophylactic antibiotics were prescribed to 83.4% of the women (95% CI: 80.7-85.8). Ampicillin (88.2%) was the most prescribed prophylactic antibiotic, and metronidazole was the most prescribed postoperatively (97.8%) and at discharge (77.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current prevalence of post-cesarean SSIs is higher in Uganda than in developed countries. Older age and having had more than six pregnancies are independent predictors of SSIs, and post-cesarean SSI significantly prolonged hospital stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11468585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142477388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}