Changes in virus-related exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases before and after the relaxation of COVID-19 infection control measures: a single-centre retrospective study in Japan.
{"title":"Changes in virus-related exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases before and after the relaxation of COVID-19 infection control measures: a single-centre retrospective study in Japan.","authors":"Tsuyoshi Sasada, Ryota Kishi, Chigusa Shirakawa, Ryosuke Hirabayashi, Yuki Sato, Kazuma Nagata, Atsushi Nakagawa, Keisuke Tomii, Koichi Ariyoshi, Ryo Tachikawa","doi":"10.1177/20499361251379981","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have led to a reduction in respiratory viral infections. However, these infections showed a resurgence in the post-COVID-19 era. Respiratory viral infections often exacerbate respiratory diseases.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to determine how the relaxation of IPC measures affects the incidence of virus-related acute exacerbations in various respiratory diseases.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care facility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively assessed data from adult patients aged 18 years and older who visited the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary medical centre in Kobe, Japan, from 1 October 2020 to 12 March 2024. We identified patients who visited because of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation, asthma exacerbation or acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) and classified them into two groups based on the pre-relaxation and post-relaxation of IPC measures. The detection rates and respiratory viruses identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction were compared between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total number of ED visits was 84,183 involving 129 cases of COPD exacerbation, 156 cases of asthma exacerbation and 68 cases of AE-IPF. Virus-related COPD exacerbations were significantly more frequent after the relaxation of IPC measures than before (7.7% vs 52.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Similarly, virus-related asthma exacerbations occurred significantly more frequently after relaxation than before (39.7% vs 66.7%, <i>p</i> = 0.009). In contrast, no significant difference in the virus-associated AE-IPF was observed before and after relaxation (2.5% vs 5.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.61).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Relaxation of IPC measures may increase virus-related exacerbations in COPD and asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":46154,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","volume":"12 ","pages":"20499361251379981"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12489198/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361251379981","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have led to a reduction in respiratory viral infections. However, these infections showed a resurgence in the post-COVID-19 era. Respiratory viral infections often exacerbate respiratory diseases.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine how the relaxation of IPC measures affects the incidence of virus-related acute exacerbations in various respiratory diseases.
Design: A retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care facility.
Methods: This study retrospectively assessed data from adult patients aged 18 years and older who visited the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary medical centre in Kobe, Japan, from 1 October 2020 to 12 March 2024. We identified patients who visited because of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation, asthma exacerbation or acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) and classified them into two groups based on the pre-relaxation and post-relaxation of IPC measures. The detection rates and respiratory viruses identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction were compared between the groups.
Results: The total number of ED visits was 84,183 involving 129 cases of COPD exacerbation, 156 cases of asthma exacerbation and 68 cases of AE-IPF. Virus-related COPD exacerbations were significantly more frequent after the relaxation of IPC measures than before (7.7% vs 52.5%, p < 0.001). Similarly, virus-related asthma exacerbations occurred significantly more frequently after relaxation than before (39.7% vs 66.7%, p = 0.009). In contrast, no significant difference in the virus-associated AE-IPF was observed before and after relaxation (2.5% vs 5.0%, p = 0.61).
Conclusion: Relaxation of IPC measures may increase virus-related exacerbations in COPD and asthma.
背景：2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间的感染预防和控制（IPC）措施导致呼吸道病毒感染减少。然而，这些感染在covid -19后时代死灰复燃。呼吸道病毒感染常使呼吸道疾病恶化。目的：本研究旨在确定IPC措施的放松如何影响各种呼吸道疾病中病毒相关急性加重的发生率。设计：在三级医疗机构进行回顾性研究。方法：本研究回顾性评估了2020年10月1日至2024年3月12日在日本神户一家三级医疗中心急诊科（ED）就诊的18岁及以上成年患者的数据。我们确定了因慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）加重、哮喘加重或特发性肺纤维化（AE-IPF）急性加重而就诊的患者，并根据IPC措施的放松前和放松后将其分为两组。比较两组间多重聚合酶链反应的检出率和呼吸道病毒鉴定结果。结果：共就诊84,183次，其中COPD加重129例，哮喘加重156例，AE-IPF 68例。放松IPC措施后，病毒相关COPD加重发生率明显高于放松前（7.7% vs 52.5%, p p = 0.009）。相比之下，松弛前后病毒相关AE-IPF无显著差异（2.5% vs 5.0%, p = 0.61）。结论：放松IPC措施可能增加COPD和哮喘的病毒相关加重。
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
