Anemia最新文献

{"title":"Preterm Delivery and Neonatal Deaths among Anaemic Pregnant Women in the Bolgatanga Metropolis of Ghana.","authors":"Gideon K Helegbe,&nbsp;Paul Aryee,&nbsp;Baba Sulemana Mohammed","doi":"10.1155/2023/9865224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9865224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preterm deliveries and neonatal deaths as functions of anaemia in pregnancy are of major public health interest. However, data on the prevalence of preterm deliveries and their association with mortality in anaemic pregnant women in the study area are scanty. Thus, the study sought to investigate the prevalence of preterm delivery and neonatal deaths among anaemic pregnant women in the Bolgatanga Regional Hospital in the Upper East Region of Ghana during the past five years. A retrospective study design was adopted, and data were gathered between March and May 2016. Records of women who were anaemic during any trimester of their pregnancy and delivered in the hospital within the last five years were included in the study. In all, two hundred (200) cases were reviewed. Data on the sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and birth outcome of participants were captured, and analyses were conducted using SPSS version 21 while considering significant differences at <i>p</i> < 0.05. The study revealed that more than half of the anaemic women (52.5%, <i>n</i> = 105) had preterm deliveries, while neonatal mortality was 8.5% (<i>n</i> = 17). The proportion of mothers who received dietary or medical intervention for the treatment of anaemia and the number of attendances to antenatal clinics were comparable between preterm and normal-term mothers (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Mothers with preterm deliveries had a higher risk of neonatal mortality (AOR = 13.66, 95% CI = 1.65-113.30, and <i>p</i>=0.015). This study has shown that anaemia in pregnancy increases the risk of preterm delivery and neonatal death. It is recommended that extra care be given to pregnant women with anaemia, while further studies are conducted with a larger sample size to substantiate the claims made in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2023 ","pages":"9865224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10287521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9772677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden and Determinants of Anemia among Under-Five Children in Africa: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Sisay Eshete Tadesse, Aregash Abebayehu Zerga, Tefera Chane Mekonnen, Abay Woday Tadesse, Fozia Mohammed Hussien, Yitbarek Wasihun Feleke, Melaku Yalew Anagaw, Fanos Yeshanew Ayele","doi":"10.1155/2022/1382940","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/1382940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Globally, anemia among under-five children is a serious public health problem. Even if there are pocket studies here and there, there is limited evidence on the pooled prevalence of anemia among under-five children in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence and determinants of anemia. <i>Methods and Analysis</i>. This systematic review and meta-analysis was done following the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search was made in PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, HINARI, and Ethiopian Journal of Health Development for studies published since 2009. It was supplemented with Google Scholar search. Study selection, data extraction, and quality of studies were assessed by eight reviewers. The Cochrane <i>Q</i> test and <i>I</i> ² test statistic were used to test the heterogeneity of studies. A random-effects model of DerSimonian-Laird method was used.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 37 articles were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of anemia among under-five children in Africa was 59% (95% CI: 55, 63). Being female (AOR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.87), maternal education (AOR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.31, 1.66), residence (AOR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.95), and family size (AOR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89, 0.98) were the determinants of anemia among African under-five children. <i>Conclusion and Recommendation</i>. This pooled study revealed that anemia was a severe public health problem. Sex, maternal education, residence, and family size were the determinants of anemia. Therefore, anemia prevention strategy should include sex consideration, educating mothers through youth education, area specific intervention, and encouraging birth spacing.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2022 ","pages":"1382940"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9482935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33468992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological Parameters in Individuals with Beta Thalassemia Trait in South Sumatra, Indonesia","authors":"D. Sari, P. Wahidiyat, I. Setianingsih, I. Timan, D. Gatot, A. Kekalih","doi":"10.1155/2022/3572986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3572986","url":null,"abstract":"Background β-Thalassemia has a very wide clinical variation, depending on the severity of the patient's condition. Individuals with β-thalassemia traits are usually asymptomatic; however, laboratory examination will show mild anemia with microcytic hypochromic erythrocytes morphology with wide variation depending on the genotype. This study was conducted to determine the reference value of hematological parameters and hemoglobin (Hb) analysis based on the phenotype of β-thalassemia (β0 and β+) and determine the differences of hematological characteristics between the two phenotypes. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted by evaluating the hematological parameters and Hb analysis of the β-thalassemia trait in the family of thalassemia patient population. The subjects were divided into β0 and β+. The subject with normal Hb analysis with or without iron deficiency was excluded. Results A total of 203 subjects with thalassemia traits were included from the families of thalassemia patients, consisting of 101 subjects with β0-thalassemia, 82 subjects with β+-thalassemia, and the mutation had not been found in 20 subjects. There was a relationship in the mean/median of hematological parameters, HbA2 and HbF, between β0-thalassemia and β+-thalassemia (P < 0.05). ROC for each hematological parameter, HbA2 and HbF, showed that the highest diagnostic value based on the area under the curve was mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (0.900) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (0.898). The cutoff point of MCH for β0-thalassemia trait was ≤20.5 pg (sensitivity 85%, specificity 90%) and MCV was ≤66.8 fL (sensitivity 87%, specificity 87%). Conclusion MCH values can be used as a screening tool for predicting β0-thalassemia in the relatives of thalassemia patients in the South Sumatra population.","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46181960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia Burden among Hospital Attendees in Makkah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"A. Arbaeen, M. Iqbal","doi":"10.1155/2022/4709119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4709119","url":null,"abstract":"Background Anemia is a major health problem in Saudi Arabia and has multiple etiologies. Many studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia in specific population groups like school children, adolescents, university students, and females in the reproductive age group, and most have reported high prevalence of anemia. This study was conducted in a specialist hospital in Makkah city and includes all outpatients aged 15 years and above. Objective To study the burden of anemia among hospital attendees, its stratification based on gender and age, and its severity along with the morphological types of anemia. Methods This is a study conducted at a specialist hospital in Makkah city and one-month data were collected retrospectively from the laboratory database and include demographic and routine hematological results of complete blood count (CBC). Results A total of 21,524 patients were included, out of which 9444 (43.9%) were males and 12020 (56.1%) were females. The overall prevalence of anemia was 38.7% (8339). Prevalence was very high in females, accounting for 68.2% (5689), whereas it was 31.8% (2650) in males. There were 39.6% (3301), 43.9% (3657), and 16.6% (1381) cases of mild, moderate, and severe anemia, respectively. In females, anemia was more prevalent in the age group of 15 to 49, which is considered as the reproductive age group. Microcytic anemia was the most prevalent type observed in this age group, accounting for 40.7% of all anemia cases. Normocytic anemia was more prevalent in the males, accounting for 52%. Conclusion Our study showed high prevalence of anemia among the patients attending outpatient departments in a specialist hospital. Females have high prevalence of anemia when compared to male population. Microcytic anemia was the most common anemia type among females and was seen in the 15–49 age group. There is an increase in prevalence of anemia with age for males, whereas, in females, increased prevalence is observed in the reproductive age groups and the anemia prevalence maintained a steady decrease towards the 5th to the 9th decades. Normocytic anemia was more prevalent in the 5th to the 9th decades, indicating that there are more etiologies other than iron deficiency in the causation of anemia. Macrocytic anemia was the least reported anemia type. Anemia of mild and moderate severity was predominant in both genders, although severe anemia showed higher prevalence in females as compared to males. Conclusion Our study showed high prevalence of anemia among the patients attending outpatient departments in a specialist hospital. Females have high prevalence of anemia when compared to male population. Microcytic anemia was the most common anemia type among females and was seen in the 15–49 age group. There is an increase in prevalence of anemia with age for males, whereas, in females, increased prevalence is observed in the reproductive age groups and the anemia prevalence maintained a steady decrease towards the 5th to the 9th ","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43565875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Study Using Mentzer Index for Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Infants Visiting Maternal Centers at the Age of One Year","authors":"J. Amer","doi":"10.1155/2022/7236317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7236317","url":null,"abstract":"Anemia, defined as a hemoglobin level two standard deviations below the mean for age, is prevalent in infants and children worldwide. Characterizing anemia as microcytic and normocytic depends on the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), which is an important parameter in differentiating many types of anemia. Microcytic anemia due to iron deficiency is the most common type of anemia in children. In this study, we aimed to assess the Mentzer index used by the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Palestine as a useful tool in differentiating between iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and thalassemia. We assessed for the prevalence of IDA among infants at the age of one year visiting the mother centers from seven West Bank provinces in Palestine. Medical records and hematology laboratory data of 3262 infants were retrospectively analyzed from the years of 2018 to 2020. The Mentzer index applied to all population by dividing mean corpuscular volume (MCV, in fL) by the red blood cell count (RBC, in millions per microliter). A corrected Mentzer index was further calculated among anemic infants to include only microcytic (MCV with less than 72 fl) and hypochromic (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) with less than 32 g/L) indices. Mentzer index calculations for the whole population showed that 29.1% were anemic (hemoglobin (HGB) less than 11 g/dl): 21.1% had mild anemia, 7.6% had moderate anemia, while 0.2% had severe anemia. The corrected Mentzer index calculations showed a prevalence of 5.9% and 3.2% among IDA and thalassemia infants, respectively. Severity of anemia was correlated with low body weight and infants born through cesarean mother birth with no interference with gender influence. CBC indices of RBC count, HGB, MCV, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) showed a significant difference (p values < 0.05) between IDA and thalassemia infants' populations following the corrected Mentzer index. With the corrected Mentzer index, we introduced a new CBC index among infants at the age of 1 year in Palestine. These lab references could aid in differentiating IDA and thalassemia among the population and improve initial diagnosis screenings. The Mentzer index calculation for the whole population did not necessarily include cases of IDA, and therefore, it is recommended to comprise microcytic and hypochromic anemia indices prior to performing the Mentzer index.","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2022 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43076694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Donor Blood Procurement, Safety, and Clinical Utilization: A Study of Blood Transfusion Services in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Nigeria","authors":"O. Nnachi, C. Uzor, C. Umeokonkwo, E. Onwe, A. Okoye, R. Ewah, F. O. Nwani","doi":"10.1155/2022/2622291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2622291","url":null,"abstract":"Background Donated blood is an essential component of the management of many diseases, and hospital-based blood banks in Nigeria are saddled with the responsibility of provision of safe blood and coordination of its appropriate utilization for patient care. Objective This study reviewed the extent to which the hospital blood transfusion service ensures adequate safe blood supply and utilization. Materials/Methods. This was a retrospective study of 2 years record of the blood bank service of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching. Methods of donor blood procurement, transfusion transmissible infection status, the pattern of blood, and blood component usage across the hospital's clinical departments were evaluated. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS, and data were presented as percentages. Fisher's tests were used to test significance, and p value <0.05 is significant. Results The highest proportion of donors was male family replacement donors aged 26–35 years (3634 (39.68%)) while total voluntary donors were 315 (2.65%). Hepatitis B had the highest seroprevalence 267 (2.22%) among blood-borne diseases screened. National Blood Transfusion Service (NBTS) supplied only 3 (0.03%) of total blood units used. The accident and emergency department had the highest proportion of persons who utilized whole blood; 4568 (99.96%). Conclusion The hospital blood bank relies heavily on family replacement donors with little or no assistance from the National Blood Transfusion Service. Family replacement donors have the highest risk of TTIs, and hepatitis B infection has the highest prevalence. The high cost of blood component therapy increases the need for whole blood.","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48107760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease in Sudan: Complications and Management.","authors":"Meysaa Talha,&nbsp;Bashier Osman,&nbsp;Safa Abdalla,&nbsp;Hind Mirghani,&nbsp;Iman Abdoon","doi":"10.1155/2022/3058012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3058012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a life-threatening genetic disorder due to the formation of sickle hemoglobin molecule (HbS) that polymerizes in hypoxic conditions leading to SCD-related complications. Different approaches have been used in the management of SCD including symptomatic management, supportive management, and preventive management.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the management of SCD in pediatric patients in Gaafar Ibnauf Referral Hospital in Khartoum locality, Sudan.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A descriptive, retrospective, hospital-based study was conducted in Gaafar Ibnauf Hospital using a data collection sheet. The study included all medical files of pediatric patients with SCD attending the hospital during the period from the first of April 2018 to the first of July 2018. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test. <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 207 pediatric patients, 53.1% were females (mean age of 7.5 ± 3.1 years), with a 1.1 : 1 female:male ratio and low socioeconomic status. Only 4.3% of participants had health insurance. The Messeryia tribe in western Sudan had the highest prevalence of the disease among the Sudanese tribes (11.1%). Vaso-occlusive crisis (33.3%), infections (13.5%), and neurological complications (10.6%) were the most frequent complications reported during routine visits. After initiation of management, only 3.4% of pediatric patients had hemolytic crises, and 1.4% of the anemic patients had splenomegaly. 100% of patients received folic acid, 73.9% used hydroxyurea, and 69.6% underwent blood transfusion for the management of SCD. Prophylactic penicillin was prescribed for 15% of patients, and 41.1% were immunized with pneumococcal vaccine (PPSV23). Most patients had been scheduled for planned follow-up visits every 3-6 months (93.2%). Hydroxyurea and blood transfusion significantly reduced fever and vaso-occlusive crisis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SCD treatment protocol in Gaafar Ibnauf Children's Hospital, involving preventive and symptomatic therapy, is consistent with the internationally implemented protocols for SCD management. However, immunization and prophylactic penicillin approaches are deficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2022 ","pages":"3058012"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8860554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39809966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal Screening for Sickle Cell Disease in Congo.","authors":"Alexis Elira Dokekias, Lethso Thibaut Ocko Gokaba, Josué Simo Louokdom, Lydie Ngolet Ocini, Firmine Olivia Galiba Atipo Tsiba, Coreillia Irène Ondzotto Ibatta, Quentin Ngoma Kouandzi, Serge Talomg Tamekue, Jayne Chelsea Bango, Jade Vanessa Nziengui Mboumba, Simon Charles Kobawila","doi":"10.1155/2022/9970315","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/9970315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder due to the mutation of a gene coding for the globin beta chain. The aim of this study is to update the epidemiological data on hemoglobinoses, in particular sickle cell disease in newborns in Congo.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted from October 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020, throughout the Congolese national territory. It involved all full-term newborns, without distinction of nationality, aged 5 days or less, and whose parents consented to participate in the study. The blood samples, taken at the heel and collected on Whatman blotting paper, were analyzed using the HPLC Variant NBS machine.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2897 newborns (NN) screened, hemoglobin abnormalities were found in 603 NN (20.81%). The mean age of these newborns was 1 day (extremes 0 and 5 days). The male-to-female ratio was 1.03. Abnormal hemoglobins were mainly Hb S (<i>n</i> = 597 (97.71%)); Hb C (<i>n</i> = 5 (0.82%)); and variants (<i>n</i> = 7 (1.15%)). The national prevalence of major sickle cell (MSC) syndromes and sickle cell trait was 1.35% and 19.43%, respectively. The prevalence ranged from 1.77% to 2.56% for MSS in four departments and from 20.5% to 25.8% for the sickle cell trait in six other departments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Data on homozygous sickle cell disease remain consistent with previous studies. However, further studies should clarify the molecular anomalies of the variants observed in our samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2022 ","pages":"9970315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8831066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39914896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Equivalent: Diagnostic Performance in Assessment of Iron Deficiency in Patients with Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Wardah Aslam,&nbsp;Maryam Habib,&nbsp;Saeeda Aziz,&nbsp;Madiha Habib","doi":"10.1155/2021/9071057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9071057","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Iron deficiency affects approximately 30% of the world population and is frequently encountered in hypothyroid patients. Early recognition and prompt treatment of iron deficiency in hypothyroid patients lead to a favorable outcome. The aim of this study is to prove the usefulness of reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (Ret-He) as a reliable and effective tool in diagnosis of iron deficiency in hypothyroid patients. Materials and Methods 154 patients with hypothyroidism were included in the study. They were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 included 66 hypothyroid patients without iron deficiency. They were taken as controls. Group 2 included 66 hypothyroid patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Group 3 included 12 hypothyroid patients with iron deficiency but without anemia (ID). Group 4 included 10 hypothyroid patients which had concomitant iron deficiency with anemia of chronic disorder (ACDC). Ret-He was measured by analyzing blood samples on System XN 350. Thyroid profile, serum ferritin, and biochemical data were measured by an automated analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 23. Results Ret-He was significantly lower with (p < 0.001) in group 2 (hypothyroid patients with IDA), group 3 (hypothyroid patients with ID), and in group 4 (hypothyroid patients with ACDC) as compared to controls in group 1 (hypothyroid patients without iron deficiency). After ROC analysis area under the curve (AUC) of Ret-He for hypothyroid patients with IDA was 0.96 at cutoff 28.5 pg with sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 90%. AUC of Ret-He in the hypothyroid group with ACDC was 0.99 at cutoff 30.8 pg with sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 90%. AUC of Ret-He in hypothyroid patients with ID was 0.97 at cutoff 31.7 pg with sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 70%. Conclusion Ret-He is a reliable, rapid, and cost-effective tool for diagnosing iron deficiency in hypothyroid patients.","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2021 ","pages":"9071057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8604597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39643940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orofacial Manifestation and Dental Management of Sickle Cell Disease: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Mayank Kakkar,&nbsp;Kristen Holderle,&nbsp;Megha Sheth,&nbsp;Szilvia Arany,&nbsp;Leslie Schiff,&nbsp;Adela Planerova","doi":"10.1155/2021/5556708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5556708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an upcoming global health problem with rapid progress in therapy especially since 2017. However, systematic reviews found no clinical trials on the dental treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD). This article aims to outline the oral features of the sickle disease and discuss oral management strategies that can serve as guidelines for dental professionals. <i>Material and Methods</i>. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. The search strategies were developed to cover publications from January 2010 to March 2020. With the help of keywords, multiple abstracts were identified. These abstracts were further reviewed, which included the information about the SCD manifestation, particularly about the oral health features. Based on all these articles and clinical experience, a narrative review was constructed, which summarizes all the aspects of the oral manifestation in people with SCD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study demonstrate that there is distinct evidence available, indicating the developmental enamel defect leading to hypoplasia and increasing susceptibility to dental caries. Another important result of this review found that people with SCD have a vaso-occlusive crisis in the microcirculation in the dental pulp leading to symptomatic and asymptomatic pulpal necrosis without any signs of odontogenic pathology in an apparently healthy tooth. The study also found that early detection, intervention, and prevention are crucial for improving oral health care, and involving a multidisciplinary approach plays an important role in managing people with SCD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with sickle cell disease have chronic overall health problems. The hematological disorder becomes their main concern and impaired oral health becomes secondary, increasing the risk for dental caries at the most. This paper broadly describes the oral manifestations of SCD, additionally; this paper also provides recommendations for better dental management of patients with SCD. Patients with SCD are often misjudged and, due to lack of knowledge and guidelines, dental providers are not able to provide adequate care. This paper attempts to highlight the essential measures to provide better dental care.</p>","PeriodicalId":46055,"journal":{"name":"Anemia","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5556708"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8556080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39579824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}