Prevalence of Iron Deficiency, Anemia, and Associated Factors in a Blood Donor Population in Brazzaville, Congo.

IF 2.2 Q3 HEMATOLOGY

Anemia Pub Date : 2023-12-13 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2023/8827984

Firmine Olivia Galiba Atipo-Tsiba, Earl Quincy Gayaba Mouyabi, Brunel Monic Angounda, Serge Oscar Mokono, Lethso Thibaut Ocko Gokaba, Alexis Elira Dokekias

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Abstract

Introduction: Blood donation is not without risk to the donor. It results in a substantial loss of iron and decreased hemoglobin. In our country, no predonation assessment is carried out and the selection of blood donors is only clinical.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency, anemia, and iron deficiency anemia and to identify the factors associated with anemia and iron status in a blood donor population at the National Center for Blood Transfusion (NCBT). Methodology. A prospective study is carried out that consists of 120 blood donors in three NCBT branches in the capital from June to November 2021. The donors were divided into 3 groups: first time donors (FTDs), occasional donors (ODs) who have already made between 1 and 3 previous donations, and regular donors (RDs) with at least 4 previous donations. Iron deficiency was defined by a serum ferritin value of less than 30 ng/mL in men and 20 ng/mL in women. Anemia was defined by Hb levels below 13 g/dL in men and 12 g/dL in women. Iron deficiency anemia was defined by association of anemia and iron deficiency. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of the proportions. The odds ratio with the 95% confidence interval was calculated to assess the association between two variables. The p value of the probability was considered significant for a value < 0.05.

Results: Mean serum ferritin and hemoglobin values were lower in RD in both sexes. The prevalence of iron deficiency, anemia, and iron deficiency anemia were 16.66%, 31.66%, and 10.83%, respectively. The factors associated with the three abnormalities were female sex, donor type, including RD, and number of previous donations.

Conclusion: Iron deficiency, anemia, and iron deficiency anemia are common among blood donors in Brazzaville. Anemia affects almost a third of blood donors and is not always linked to iron deficiency. Safety of donors should be improved by systematic measurement of ferritinemia and hemoglobin levels before allowing donations for appropriate management in the event of abnormalities.

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刚果布拉柴维尔献血人群缺铁、贫血及相关因素的流行率。

简介献血对献血者并非没有风险。献血会导致铁大量流失和血红蛋白减少。在我国，没有对献血者进行预测评估，献血者的选择仅是临床选择：确定国家输血中心（NCBT）献血人群中铁缺乏、贫血和缺铁性贫血的患病率，并确定与贫血和铁状况相关的因素。研究方法。2021 年 6 月至 11 月期间，在首都的三个国家输血中心分部对 120 名献血者进行了前瞻性研究。献血者分为三组：首次献血者（FTDs）、偶尔献血者（ODs）和定期献血者（RDs）。男性血清铁蛋白值低于 30 纳克/毫升，女性血清铁蛋白值低于 20 纳克/毫升，即为缺铁。男性血红蛋白水平低于 13 g/dL，女性低于 12 g/dL，即为贫血。缺铁性贫血的定义是贫血和缺铁。比例比较采用卡方检验。为评估两个变量之间的关联性，计算了带有 95% 置信区间的几率比。结果：RD男女患者的血清铁蛋白和血红蛋白平均值均较低。缺铁、贫血和缺铁性贫血的发病率分别为 16.66%、31.66% 和 10.83%。与这三种异常情况相关的因素包括女性性别、供体类型（包括 RD）和之前的供体数量：结论：缺铁、贫血和缺铁性贫血在布拉柴维尔的献血者中很常见。贫血影响着近三分之一的献血者，但并不总是与缺铁有关。应在允许献血前系统测量铁蛋白血症和血红蛋白水平，以便在出现异常时进行适当处理，从而提高献血者的安全性。

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来源期刊

Anemia HEMATOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

3.40%

发文量

审稿时长

18 weeks

期刊介绍： Anemia is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies on all types of anemia. Articles focusing on patient care, health systems, epidemiology, and animal models will be considered, among other relevant topics. Affecting roughly one third of the world’s population, anemia is a major public health concern. The journal aims to facilitate the exchange of research addressing global health and mortality relating to anemia and associated diseases.