Anthropologischer Anzeiger最新文献_第3页

Interaction between fat- and muscle development in children and adolescents. 儿童和青少年脂肪与肌肉发育之间的相互作用。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1612

Leonie Schafmeyer, Tobias Linden, Heidrun Lioba Wunram, Alexandra Semmelweis, Eckhard Schoenau, Ibrahim Duran

{"title":"Interaction between fat- and muscle development in children and adolescents.","authors":"Leonie Schafmeyer, Tobias Linden, Heidrun Lioba Wunram, Alexandra Semmelweis, Eckhard Schoenau, Ibrahim Duran","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1612","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1612","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prevalence of obesity increased noticeably during the last decades. Little is known so far about the association between fat accumulation due to obesity and skeletal muscle mass. The aim of this study was to describe the association between fat mass and muscle mass after adjusting for relevant confounding factors in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study population of children and adolescents. We postulated a negative correlation between fat mass and lean body mass. Methodology: A total of 849 whole body DXA-scans of the NHANES study population of children and adolescents aged eight to twenty years of the years 1999-2004 were eligible for statistical analysis. Appendicular lean body mass (appLBM) was used to evaluate muscle mass. Bivariate analysis (Pearson's correlation coefficient), multiple linear regression analysis and mediation analysis were performed. The multiple regression analysis and mediation analysis were adjusted for weight, age height, sex ethnicity and physical activity. Results: Fat mass correlates with appendicular lean body mass (Pearons's r 0.336, p < 0.001). In the multiple linear regression analysis the regression coefficient between appLBM and FM was positive (0.204; p < 0.001), when considering appendicular lean body mass, fat mass and body weight, the regression coefficient was negative (-0.517; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Study results indicate a negative association of fat mass and skeletal muscle mass in children and adolescents, when weight, age, height, sex ethnicity and physical activity are considered. Further investigations are needed to evaluate if there is a biochemical interaction between fat cells and muscle cells that could explain this effect.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9768577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Massive bone destruction in a human proximal femur from ancient Nubia. 努比亚古人类股骨近端大面积骨质破坏。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1700

Michele R Buzon, Randall T Loder, Benjamin Joseph, Katie M Whitmore

{"title":"Massive bone destruction in a human proximal femur from ancient Nubia.","authors":"Michele R Buzon, Randall T Loder, Benjamin Joseph, Katie M Whitmore","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1700","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1700","url":null,"abstract":"Massive bone destruction in a human right proximal femur is described and differentially discussed in this case study. The individual was an older adult female buried at the ancient Nubian site of Tombos (modern-day Sudan) dating to the early Napatan/Third Intermediate Period (c. 1069-750 BCE). The right femur displayed a pathologic fracture with extensive lytic destruction and resorption of the entire femoral neck, most of the femoral head, and trochanters. Macroscopic and radiographic analyses revealed cortical thinning of the proximal diaphysis with new bone formation enclosing the medullary cavity. The lesion is eccentrically located involving the anterior aspect of the neck. Numerous vascular channels are apparent in the underlying bone. Sclerotic bone marks the limit of the lesion, and osseous lucency is visible in the radiograph. The individual displayed no other lytic lesions; vertebral osteophytic growth, compression fractures, and Schmorl's nodes were observed along with dental disease typical for older individuals. A traumatic etiology is eliminated due to the extensive osteolysis. Vascular, congenital, and developmental conditions are also not consistent with the observed changes. Expansive osteolytic lesions may have been caused by a cyst. Neoplastic tumors resulting in lytic lesions with a high risk of pathologic fracture are also consistent. There have been few reports of such extensive lytic lesions of the proximal femur in the paleopathological and clinical literature; this case adds an example of this underreported condition.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9934894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1609

Haijun Li, Qiong Song, Zhanhang Cheng, Shuangfan Hao, Chang Fu, Adiljan Wali, Hailong Zhang, Bo Wang, Xiaoyong Xiao

{"title":"Age-related changes in the bottom view area of ancient children's skulls from the Zaghunluq Cemetery in Xinjiang, China.","authors":"Haijun Li, Qiong Song, Zhanhang Cheng, Shuangfan Hao, Chang Fu, Adiljan Wali, Hailong Zhang, Bo Wang, Xiaoyong Xiao","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1609","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1609","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined forty skull samples of ancient children, aged 2-15 years, excavated from the Zaghunluq cemetery in Xinjiang, China. The purpose of the study was to analyze the patterns of age-related physiological development and growth spurts in the skulls of these ancient children by comparing the projected areas of the bottom view of the skull, the occipital bone, and the maxilla among different age groups. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences in the projected areas of the skull's bottom view, occipital bone, and maxilla among five age groups (2 years old, 3-5 years old, 6-8 years old, 9-11 years old, and 12-15 years old). The growth spurts in the projected area of the occipital bone occurred at ages 3-5 years and 6-8 years. As for the maxilla, the growth spurts took place at ages 6-8 years and 12-15 years. Meanwhile, the projected area of the skull's bottom view exhibited a continuous increase without any periods of rapid growth. These findings may reflect the patterns of age-related growth in the skulls of ancient children in Xinjiang, China.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9988662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Delayed closure of the anterior fontanelle in Iron Age children from Zaghunluq, northwestern China. 中国西北扎洪鲁克铁器时代儿童前囟门延迟闭合。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2022/1639

Haijun Li, Qiong Song, Jiayu Guo, Shuangfan Hao, Cheng Zhou, Hailong Zhang, Bo Wang, Xiaoyong Xiao, Qian Wang

引用次数: 0

Eaves-drip burials in the Early Middle Ages: A special burial place for the unbaptised children? 中世纪早期的屋檐滴漏式埋葬：为未接种疫苗的儿童提供的特殊埋葬场所？

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1655

Swantje Krause, Dieter Bischop

{"title":"Eaves-drip burials in the Early Middle Ages: A special burial place for the unbaptised children?","authors":"Swantje Krause, Dieter Bischop","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1655","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1655","url":null,"abstract":"The excavation of skeletal human remains from St. Dionysius in Bremerhaven-Wulsdorf showed a strong association between infant burials and their location in and around the church. Accumulations of young children close to a church and its corners are repeatedly reported and are commonly defined as \"eaves-drip\" burials. Although there are no early medieval written sources for this specific burial practice, the proximity of the graves of small children to the sites of early Christian churches is noticeable. Above all, the temporal context plays an important role in the interpretation of these burials, since it is questionable whether the intention to baptise the graves with rainwater from the eaves was the same for the Early Middle Ages as it was for the High and Post Middle Ages. The frequently observed relationship between locality and infant bones must not be regarded as an ordinary burial since the choice of burial place already indicates a special position within the graveyard. Particularly regarding the progress of Christianisation and thus the assertion of the Christian belief system in the early phases, it is essential to reflect on the people's real acceptance of Christian religious practices and rituals. It is therefore crucial to consider the circumstances and belief systems of the particular era before associating eaves-drip burials with the unbaptised child.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9337465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New insight into mid-Byzantine burial practices: bioarchaeological implications from the North Cemetery infant remains of the Lower City Church of Amorium (Afyonkarahisar, Turkey) (10th-11th centuries AD). 对拜占庭中期埋葬实践的新见解：阿莫里姆下城教堂（Afyonkarahisar，土耳其）（公元10-11世纪）北墓地婴儿遗骸的生物考古学意义。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2022/1626

F Arzu Demirel

{"title":"New insight into mid-Byzantine burial practices: bioarchaeological implications from the North Cemetery infant remains of the Lower City Church of Amorium (Afyonkarahisar, Turkey) (10th-11th centuries AD).","authors":"F Arzu Demirel","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2022/1626","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2022/1626","url":null,"abstract":"Amorium is a Byzantine city located in the province of Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. Excavations in the 2007, 2008 and 2009 seasons yielded many tombs containing non-adults, mostly infant burials, located to the north of the Lower City Church while the south of the Church was reserved for family and adult tombs. Among the excavated trenches A20 is the largest area and located immediately to the east of the baptistery, other trenches in the Lower City Church (A17, A19, A22, A35, A36, and A38) are located further away from the baptistery and consist of smaller rooms. Skeletal remains of 280 individuals from these trenches dating to 10th to 11th centuries AD were analysed in order to find out if there are any indications for differences in their social status, preferential choices for the burial places, or age-related distribution of the burials of the non-adults in the North Cemetery. This study, together with the baptism traditions and social hierarchy of the Mid-Byzantine era, tentatively suggests that the A20 area might have been reserved for children of families of higher rank in society as it was the closest area to the baptistery (presumably some of the infants had not lived long enough to be baptised), whereas infants and some older children of lower rank in the society were buried in outlying areas. Hence, this study attempts to offer a new insight into burial practices in mid-Byzantine Amorium.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33482086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methods for sex estimation of prepubertal individuals (< 12 years old): bibliographic review and future directions. 青春期前个体（<12岁）的性别估计方法：文献综述和未来方向。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2022/1607

Álvaro M Monge Calleja, Leandro H Luna, Claudia M Aranda, Ana Luisa Santos

{"title":"Methods for sex estimation of prepubertal individuals (< 12 years old): bibliographic review and future directions.","authors":"Álvaro M Monge Calleja, Leandro H Luna, Claudia M Aranda, Ana Luisa Santos","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2022/1607","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2022/1607","url":null,"abstract":"Sex estimation is essential in both bioarchaeological and forensic research. Based on bibliographical research, this study aims to systematize and compare the existing methods and glance at the future on this research topic. The survey in Web of Science and Google Scholar revealed 37 papers describing the generation of original procedures, and 25 validation studies. The results show that the pelvis, namely the ilium, is the most analyzed anatomical region, followed by the deciduous teeth, the cranium, the mandible, and the long bones. The morphometric approaches are addressed in greater proportion, both as original methods (n = 19) or validations (n = 24). Only one of the 19 approaches that require expensive equipment (conventional radiology, computer tomography, geometric morphometrics and 3D modelling) was tested. Most of them were generated during the 21st century; however, 24 have not been tested yet. Comparing all the methods tested, the percentages of correctly estimated cases are always lower in validation studies. It is suggested that the most promising ones be tested in documented samples by a group of researchers. Thus, the interobserver error would be evaluated and may also lead to new methodological proposals and refinements.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40678607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scurvy, anaemia, and rickets under the microscope - Light-microscopy supported investigation of malnutrition in subadult skeletal remains from the medieval central mountain village of Winnefeld (Lower Saxony, Germany). 显微镜下的坏血病、贫血和软骨病——光学显微镜支持对中世纪中央山村Winnefeld（德国下萨克森州）亚成年骨骼遗骸营养不良的调查。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1720

Jan Nováček

{"title":"Scurvy, anaemia, and rickets under the microscope - Light-microscopy supported investigation of malnutrition in subadult skeletal remains from the medieval central mountain village of Winnefeld (Lower Saxony, Germany).","authors":"Jan Nováček","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1720","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2023/1720","url":null,"abstract":"In the hilly region of Solling in Central Germany, a large number of abandoned medieval settlements is known. In an excavation project of a church ruin and cemetery of the abandoned village Winnefeld from the 12th to 14th century CE, 165 individuals were excavated and anthropologically examined, including a light microscopic investigation. Among these individuals, 105 subadults were identified, from the age-at-death of pre-natal (stillborn) infants, up to juveniles, with the large majority of infants up to two years of age-at-death. Among the subadults, scurvy was frequently diagnosed. In more than 30% of the individuals, evidence or at least hints towards the diagnosis of scurvy were observed. Anaemia and rickets were less frequent (about 6% and 7%), however, still common. The light microscopic investigation, conducted as series standard, proved itself as a useful additional method in distinguishing vestiges of different illnesses, especially in non-extreme, questionable cases. Sometimes, however, it even resulted in a change of diagnosis of formerly supposed \"clear\" cases.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial - Osteoanthropology of Children: Online Workshop of the Workgroup Palaeoanthropology and Prehistoric Anthropology of the Society for Anthropology on February 26, 2021. 社论-《儿童骨人类学：人类学学会古人类学和史前人类学工作组在线研讨会》，2021年2月26日。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2023/1756

Kristina Scheelen-Nováček, Lukas Waltenberger

引用次数: 0

The physical constitution of Lauchheim "Mittelhofen"'s subadults in the Merovingian period. 在梅洛温王朝时期，劳海姆“米特尔霍芬”的亚成年人的体质。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/2022/1608

Isabelle I F Jasch-Boley, Joachim Wahl

引用次数: 0