Anthropologischer Anzeiger最新文献

{"title":"A case of Multiple Myeloma from 19^th century North America: Aligning the clinical and archaeological records.","authors":"Shawn M Phillips","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1801","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The first archaeological case of multiple myeloma (MM) from historic period North America is presented. Only 49 cases of MM have been reported from archaeological contexts and recent reviews have alternately rejected either 24 of the cases or all 49 cases and found them all to more likely be cases of metastatic carcinoma (MC). The trend in the debate over the interpretation of these cancers is that MC is an ancient disease while MM is likely a disease of modernity. MM was first recognized as a distinct form of cancer in 1873 with only 17 cases reported by 1900. The first North American clinically identified case of MM was reported in 1894. This study supports the suggestion that MM is a disease of modernity with the etiology likely linked to industrialization. The archaeological case presented here was interred circa 1880, in the same time frame that MM is recognized as a distinct disease and briefly predates the clinical reporting of MM in the US. Of note, the individual is associated with an institution that served societal dependents. As catchall warehouses for dependency it is not surprising to find conditions reflective of senescence. Such institutions provided hospice care for the terminally ill and can serve, as in this case, to align the archaeological and clinical records.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"421-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of early childhood caries from a Medieval site in Southern Portugal: a multidisciplinary approach.","authors":"Nestor Hernández Canales, Ricard A M P Gomes, Steve D Emslie, Cristin Teté Garcia, Francisco Curate, Ana Maria Silva","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1759","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental caries is the most prevalent chronic infectious disease during childhood both in historical and contemporary times, but research focused on the oral health of non-adults from the past is still scant. As such, this study proposes a multidisciplinary approach to the differential diagnosis of severe dental lesions in a medieval non-adult skeleton. The skeleton of a three-year-old child recovered in the medieval necropolis of Cacela Velha (Portugal) was studied through macroscopic, radiological, elemental and stable isotope analyses. This individual exhibited enamel destruction and dentine exposure in both the maxillary and mandibular teeth, with the latter also showing changes in coloration. Elemental analysis showed that his skull presented lower values of Si, Cl, and Ca and higher of Cu compared to the control, while the concentration of P and S were significantly lower in the teeth. Early childhood caries is the most probable diagnosis for the dental lesions observed, apparently stemming from a reticulate of factors that include potential malnutrition, and the consumption of sugars in complementary feeding - even though historical sources point to the scarcity of sugar in Portugal during most of the Middle Ages.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"467-477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141318554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic cancer in a medieval skeleton from the Principality of Liechtenstein.","authors":"Christine Cooper, Nikolai Goritschnig","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1749","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a presumptive case of metastatic carcinoma in an individual from the 11^th/12^th century CE from Vaduz, Principality of Liechtenstein. The skeleton exhibits extensive new bone formation in the axial skeleton and the proximal humerus and femur. Radiological examinations revealed further sclerotic lesions in the clavicles, the manubrium, the sternum, the femoral diaphysis, and possibly the frontal. The pelvic bones and the sacrum, as well as the spine, are the most heavily affected skeletal regions. The newly formed bone in some lesions has a \"sun-burst\" appearance. The sex and age at death of the individual, the distribution and the osteoblastic nature of the lesions suggest that prostate carcinoma is the most likely primary tumor.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"401-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the interplay of bone lesions: unraveling health implications and daily life challenges in an Iron Age skeleton from Ya'amun, Jordan.","authors":"Mohammad Alrousan, Abdulla Al-Shorman, Ferran Estebaranz-Sánchez, Alejandro Pérez-Pérez, Eugénia Cunha","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1748","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study analyzed the paleopathological conditions of a 30-year-old male unearthed at the site of Ya'amun in northern Jordan. The skeleton was dated back to Iron age. The paleopathological examinations were performed using macroscopic and radiological analyses. The results revealed multiple significant bone lesions, including periosteal osteosarcoma of the right femur, plagiocephaly, asymmetry of the sacrum, vertebral fractures, anemia, and osteoarthritis. This case represents the first example of neoplasm and plagiocephaly in the Iron Age of the region. Despite enduring severe health conditions, the individual managed to reach the third decade while facing the demands of strenuous daily activities that exemplified the harsh living and subsistence conditions characteristic of the Iron Age.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"409-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Late Antiquity case of a chronic osteomyelitis from the population of Cortijo Coracho, Córdoba, Spain (IV-VIII centuries AD).","authors":"Ricardo Ortega-Ruiz, Cristina Merlo Martín, Alessia Leggio, Daniel Botella Ortega","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1722","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Cortijo Coracho archaeological site dates from the Late Antiquity period, from the 5^th to the 8^th century AD. During this period, a number of populations settled in the area (Germanic peoples until Visigothic rule, Byzantine until the arrival of the Arabs, etc.), each of them concentrating the historical characteristics in the Sub-Baetic that are currently known. The Cortijo Coracho archaeological site is currently located in the city of Lucena (Cordoba, Spain), found after the works on the A-45 motorway. The necropolis consists of 294 inhumations and the remains of a basilica, although after a series of surveys it is estimated that there are around 700 additional burials, which would make it the largest necropolis with ad sancti burials surrounding a martyrial basilica dating back to the 4^th century AD. Among the burials, 397 subjects were recovered, which implies a large presence of shared and/or reused burials. These subjects were transferred to the city's museum, where they were examined, reorganised and classified. At this point, subjects of scientific interest were found, as is the case of subject 204, the topic of this article. This individual, described as an adult male, is an example of the living conditions of this period, since despite his injury on the left lower extremity, a double fracture aggravated by a chronic osteomyelitis infection, he continued to use that limb. This paper will give the details of that distinctive lesion and the possible hypotheses underlying it.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"351-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suggested mechanism of <i>CCR5Δ32, CCR2-64I</i> and <i>SDF 1-3'A</i> allele frequency change in Polish and Lithuanian gene pools from the perspective of passing time.","authors":"Łukasz J Śledziński, Alicja Zamerska, Krystyna Jędrychowska-Dańska, Tadeusz Strózik, Tomasz Wasiak, Tomasz Płoszaj, Piotr Witas, Henryk W Witas, Maciej Borowiec, Justyna Agier","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1637","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aimed to determine the frequency of the alleles associated with hereditary immune response in 16 historical populations and assess which evolutionary forces may have contributed to the observed frequency fluctuation. The analysed polymorphic sites are located in three genes - CCR5, CCR2 and SDF 1 (CXCL12). Protein products are involved in the innate immune response and are also involved in various types of infections, autoimmune diseases and tumours. The frequency of the alleles found in the DNA of the studied individuals was determined by the Sanger methodology and was compared with the data obtained for modern populations. To confirm the authenticity of the obtained results, mtDNA HVRI haplotypes of all the studied samples were obtained and compared with the genetic database of the laboratory personnel who came into contact with the studied material. Based on the variability of allele frequency, advanced biostatistical analysis was used to distinguish the effect of natural selection from genetic drift, i.e. the forces operating on the polymorphic sites studied. All procedures were performed according to the guidelines for working with ancient DNA to avoid contamination with modern DNA molecules. 681 samples from 39 archaeological sites in Poland and Lithuania dated to the 40^th century BC and the 19^th century were studied. The biostatistical analysis showed that the fluctuations in the frequency of CCR5Δ32 in the analysed time interval could be mainly the effect of genetic drift. Nevertheless, for CCR2-64I and SDF 1-3'A, the results confirm the suggestion of negative selection as the mechanism involved. Since all the polymorphic sites encode the elements of innate immune response that are indirectly associated with the process of an HPV infection and the development of cervical cancer, the human papillomavirus may be a good candidate for a selection coefficient affecting the frequency of CCR2-64I and SDF 1-3'A. However, for CCR5Δ32, selection was not detected despite its proven role in the molecular mechanism involved in the response to an HPV infection. The presented work seems to be the first in which the problem of the pattern of CCR5Δ32, CCR2-64I and SDF 1-3'A frequency fluctuations in a temporal perspective was discussed, proposing HPV as a factor influencing the occurrence of the CCR2 and SDF1 alleles.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"261-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in body fat distribution in women depending on the second to fourth digit ratio value","authors":"M. Żurawiecka, A. Suder, A. Stangret, I. Teul, I. Wronka","doi":"10.1127/ANTHRANZ/2019/0938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ANTHRANZ/2019/0938","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42848593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal lesions of human tuberculosis: changes from the past into the antibiotic era","authors":"K. Holloway, Karl Link, F. Ruehli, M. Henneberg","doi":"10.1127/0003-5548/2011/ABSTRACTS-GOTTORF","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2011/ABSTRACTS-GOTTORF","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"1 1","pages":"485-534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/0003-5548/2011/ABSTRACTS-GOTTORF","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63830803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Dr. med. h.c. Hubert Walter 1930 – 2008","authors":"G. Hauser, H. Danker-Hopfe, W. Schiefenhövel","doi":"10.1127/0003-5548/2009/0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2009/0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"67 1","pages":"95-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/0003-5548/2009/0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63830685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Dr. med. h.c. Hubert Walter 1930-2008 Orbituary","authors":"G. Hauser, H. Danker-Hopfe, W. Schiefenhövel, Andreas Naegele, Erhard Naegele, W. Obermiller","doi":"10.1127/0003-5548/2009/0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2009/0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"14 1","pages":"99-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1127/0003-5548/2009/0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63830790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}