Anthropologischer Anzeiger最新文献

{"title":"Bimodality of body height and weight in Albanian adolescents at biological maturity.","authors":"Agron M Rexhepi, Behlul Brestovci","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/1986","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/1986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study reassessed whether the distributions of body height and body weight in Albanian adolescents at biological maturity are best described by unimodal or bimodal models. A total of 2,622 high-school graduates (1,272 males; 1,350 females; age 17.518.5 years) were measured according to IBP standards. Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) with one versus two components were fitted to height and weight for the combined sample and separately for males and females. Model selection was based on the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). Results showed that height in the combined sample favoured a two-component model, but both sexes individually displayed clearly unimodal distributions, indicating that apparent bimodality in height is driven by sex composition. In contrast, body weight was consistently better described by a two-component model across the total sample as well as within each sex, revealing a predominant normal-weight cluster alongside a smaller higher-weight subgroup. These findings indicate that while body height variation is explained primarily by sexual dimorphism, body weight exhibits genuine within-sex heterogeneity likely linked to lifestyle, environmental, or metabolic influences. The use of GMM combined with BIC offers a rigorous framework for detecting latent subgroup structures, with implications for reference standards and public-health strategies in adolescent populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subclades of the Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b-M269 in Portuguese samples: F1343 as a common DF27 sublineage.","authors":"Fábio Nunes, Janet Pereira, Catarina Silva Pinto, Licínio Manco","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/1938","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/1938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The internal branches of R1b-M269 (R1b1a1b) have been poorly analyzed in the Portuguese population. The present study aims to improve the understanding of the phylogenetic structure of this main haplogroup within the country. We analyzed 94 individuals, primarily from the central region of Portugal, previously identified as having the derived allele for the R1b-M269 marker. The R1b-M269 subhaplogroups S116/P312 and U106 were found with frequencies of 88.3% and 5.32%, respectively. Regarding the sublineages of S116/P312, the subhaplogroup DF27 was the most common (60.64%) compared with the two additional subclades U152 and M529 found with frequencies of 6.38% and 15.96%, respectively. The dissection of the subhaplogroup DF27 for its most known sublineages revealed a high frequency of the F1343 subtype (18 in 94 M269 samples) representing a frequency of 19.15%. Among the other DF27 sublineages, only the Z196/Z195 derived allele was found with a frequency of 8.51%. In conclusion, we have identified several main branches of R1b-M269 in a population sample from Portugal. For the first time, we report F1343 as a common sublineage within DF27 among an Iberian population. This new finding enhances the understanding of the phylogenetic structure of haplogroup R1b-DF27, particularly within Iberian populations where this lineage is most prevalent.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"115-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145379160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Man and humankind in motion how active is mankind today?","authors":"Annette Schneider","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1830","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Being physically active is fundamental to maintaining good health and plays an important role in childrens development. In adults, but also in children and adolescents, activity levels have been declining for years and sitting times are increasing, with the result that the physical activity recommendations developed by the WHO are no longer being achieved by everyone. The reasons for this lie in the changed living environment, which is becoming increasingly inactive. This trend has become even more pronounced due to the restrictions imposed by the corona virus pandemic. This particularly affected 10 to 17-year-olds, 50% of whom have reduced their activity time; this figure was 26% for 3 to 5-year-olds and 37% for 6 to 9-year-olds. Overall, 70% of children and young people have increased their (inactive) media time. There is an urgent need to design exercise programmes to increase physical activity by children and young people. The finding that sport is practised because it is fun would be helpful here. Furthermore, the lack of staff in day-care centres must be remedied, as this has proven to be the most important inhibiting factor for the implementation of physical activity programmes. As behavioural patterns are already formed in early childhood, the focus for promoting physical activity should be on the day-care centre setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"31-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mummy of Torricella Peligna, a case report.","authors":"Antonietta Di Fabrizio, Flavio Stocco, Assunta Paolucci, Arianna Di Felice, Luigi Capasso, Ruggero D Anastasio, Jacopo Cilli","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/1835","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/1835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The restoration works of the Church of San Giacomo Apostolo in Torricella Peligna (Abruzzo, Italy) have brought to light a mummified body, in a good state of preservation. Studies on the body have dated the burial and highlighted the anthropological and pathological aspects. The mummy dates back to the seventeenth century and belongs to an adult male individual which probably held an administrative position within the Viceroyalty of Naples. The remains of the individuals clothing and the results of the examinations performed provided both cultural and palaeobiological new information for a geographic area in a historical period that is still little studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"427-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A malnourished infant from La Grieta (Las Cañadas, Tenerife) with cervical spine hyperlordosis.","authors":"Emilio González-Reimers, Selene Rodríguez-Caraballo, Samuel James Cockerill, Emilio Vacas-Fumero, Efra Marrero-Salas, Iván Ribot-Hernández, Luis Fernando Otón-Sánchez, Matilde Arnay-de-la-Rosa","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/1917","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/1917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excavation of a non-spoiled burial cave located among the lava blocks of La Grieta (Las Cañadas, Tenerife, Canary Islands), led to the recovery of a 940 year-antique, 10-year-old pre-Hispanic (Guanche) child (genetically sexed), who presented a marked cervical hyperlordosis and a rectification of the remaining spine (until L1), together with microporotic changes of the cranial vault, a bowed right tibia, and a rough, porotic appearance of the metaphyseal plates. A divergence was observed between age at death estimated by dental remains and that estimated by skeletal remains. Spine changes are compatible with some forms of congenital myopathy (for instance, Emery-Dreifuss disease), that could have severely impaired swallowing, leading to malnutrition and stunted growth. The skull presented numerous Wormian bones and supernumerary sutures.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"82 3","pages":"343-361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth parameters and parental factors influence on breastfeeding incidence in Polish population across three decades.","authors":"Anna Opoka, Paulina Pruszkowska-Przybylska, Elżbieta Żądzińska","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1775","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> The purpose of the study was to select factors which importantly influencing the decision of breastfeeding in the first period of life over twenty years in the three cohorts in central Poland. <i>Materials and methods:</i> The analysis included 2159 children (1017 girls and 1142 boys). The data come from three cohorts investigated in the following years: 1993-1997, 2004-2008 and 2015-2017. In each cohort, parents completed questionnaires on the type of nutrition in the first months of life (breastfeeding versus formula feeding), child-birth parameters, duration of pregnancy, age and education of parents, and maternal smoking during pregnancy. Information about birth parameters, i.e., birth weight, birth length, birth head and chest circumference, gestational age (week of pregnancy) and Apgar score were taken from children's medical records. The Chi² test, U-Mann Whitney test and logistic regression were performed to check which factors significantly affected mother decision of breastfeeding. <i>Results:</i> We observed differences between factors which favor breastfeeding among three investigated cohorts. The factors significantly associated with breastfeeding only in cohort 1993-1997 were: birth parameters (higher birth length, higher body mass and higher chest circumference) and lower prevalence of exposition to cigarettes smoke during pregnancy. However, independently on tested cohort the logistic regression model indicated that the following factors correlated with the lack of breastfeeding: lower gestational age (E = -0.1663, <i>p</i> = 0.0182), higher maternal age (E = 0.1326, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), lower paternal age (E = -0.0526, <i>p</i> = 0.0345), secondary paternal education (E = 0.5138, <i>p</i> = 0.0024) vs. higher, lower maternal education (E = 0.7577, <i>p</i> = 0.0003) vs. higher, other season of birth than summer (E = -0.3650, <i>p</i> = 0.0439). <i>Conclusions:</i> Factors influencing the mother's decision to breastfeed independently on tested cohort were as a following: parental education and parental age, season of birth and duration of pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"39-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142298249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in BMI and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents (11-15 years) from Kraków (Poland) during COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Paulina Artymiak, Magdalena Żegleń, Łukasz Kryst","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1746","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In March 2020, the spread of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, triggered a pandemic of acute respiratory distress syndrome among people. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in BMI and in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents (11-15-year-olds) from Kraków (Poland) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Two cross-sectional studies were performed in 2020 and 2022 in randomly selected elementary schools in 4 districts of Kraków. The study group was 1572 children between the ages of 11-15 years. BMI (Body Mass Index) was calculated. Participants were grouped using Cole's cut-off points. The statistical significance of differences between the groups was estimated using the two-way ANOVA and Chi² test. An increase in the prevalence of underweight and normal weight was observed in both sexes. In girls a decrease in the prevalence of obesity was noted, while in boys, the same tendency was present in some age groups. In girls, a decrease in the prevalence of overweight and in the average BMI was noted; in boys the trend was the opposite. The observed results may be correlated with changes in body composition and restrictions resulting from the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141318555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ankylosing spondylitis and heterotopic calcification: a case from the Prehispanic population of Buenavista del Norte (Tenerife, Canary Islands).","authors":"Emilio González-Reimers, Samuel James Cockerill, Efraín Marrero-Salas, Hacomar Ruiz-González, Emilio Vacas-Fumero, Matilde Arnay-de-la-Rosa","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1786","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skeletal remains of an adult (estimated age at death ≈ 27-30 years) Prehispanic male with fusion in the sacroiliac joints showed a heterotopic ossification consisting of a flat, 10 × 5 cm bone formation covering the posterior aspect of the right sacroiliac joint. The bones were recovered from a burial cave containing remains of 4 individuals, located on the side of a ravine, in Buenavista del Norte (NW corner of Tenerife, Canary Islands), at ≈ 450 m altitude. This individual was probably affected by ankylosing spondylitis (AS) that led to bony fusion of the pelvic bones with the sacrum, but several unusual features prompted us to compare the pelvis with those belonging to two modern individuals affected by AS (20^th century) housed at the Department of Anatomy of the school of medicine (University of La Laguna, Tenerife). The Prehispanic individual possibly suffered a pelvic fracture that caused a hematoma which underwent ossification. Some features (periosteal reaction, formation of new foramina) may also suggest a superimposed infection. The fracture altered the pelvic structure, severely narrowing the right sciatic notch, possibly causing neural and/or vascular compromise of the lower limbs. Living in a steep mountainous environment, this individual (possibly a goatherder) probably suffered a fall, that caused the fracture complicated by a severe bleeding and pelvic deformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"73-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excess weight and changes in body composition in boys and girls from La Plata district (Buenos Aires, Argentina) - a study with a secular perspective.","authors":"María Florencia Cesani, Mariela Garraza, María Fernanda Torres, María Laura Bergel Sanchís, Bárbara Navazo, María Eugenia Luna, Olivia Lopez Monja, Fabián Aníbal Quintero","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1778","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to advance knowledge of the secular changes in the prevalence of excess weight (overweight and obesity) and body composition of children living in different localities of La Plata district (Buenos Aires province, Argentina) over the last two decades. For this purpose, anthropometric data and information on the socioeconomic and environmental context of residence of schoolchildren aged 4.0-12.9 years collected during 2005-2009 (Cohort 1, n = 1 233) and 2016-2019 (Cohort 2, n = 1 499) were analysed and compared. From a secular perspective, the current analysis showed that the socioeconomic and environmental conditions of families living in La Plata district have deteriorated in recent decades. In this context, child excess weight increased by 13% and body composition was altered, mainly as a result of an increase in fat mass, without observing changes in the muscle component.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"7-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141318556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of construction materials on the natural mummification process: case study of the municipal pantheon of Santa Paula, Guanajuato, Mexico.","authors":"María Jesús Puy Y Alquiza, Raúl Miranda Aviles, Gabriela A Zanor, Velia Yolanda Ordaz Zubia, Cristina Daniela Moncada Sánchez","doi":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1772","DOIUrl":"10.1127/anthranz/2024/1772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The process of natural or spontaneous mummification has been observed for more than a hundred years in various Mexican pantheons. The construction materials used in the niches of the pantheons generate particular microenvironmental conditions that promote the preservation of organic materials. The construction materials (mining adobe, brick and stone material) that make up the three series of the municipal pantheon of Santa Paula were studied and analyzed using X-ray Diffraction, X-ray Fluorescence and petrographic analysis techniques. At the same time, the mechanical and physical properties of the materials were determined, as well as the relative humidity and temperature within the niches. The results indicate that the geochemistry, distribution and percentage of said materials inside of the niches created exceptional microclimatic conditions that favored the conservation of the bodies. With this contribution we intend to advance the understanding of the influence that construction materials had on the process of natural mummification.</p>","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":" ","pages":"89-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}