Anthropologischer Anzeiger最新文献_第10页

Contribution of genetic and environmental factors to variation in body compartments--a twin study in adults. 遗传和环境因素对身体间隔变异的影响——一项对成人的双胞胎研究。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2004-03-01

Dorin Hanisch, Manuela Dittmar, Thomas Höhler, Kurt W Alt

{"title":"Contribution of genetic and environmental factors to variation in body compartments--a twin study in adults.","authors":"Dorin Hanisch, Manuela Dittmar, Thomas Höhler, Kurt W Alt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at analyzing the contribution of genetic and environmental factors on phenotypic variation of various traits of body composition. Subjects were 30 same-sexed pairs of twins including 20 monozygous (MZ) and 10 dizygous (DZ) pairs, aged 19-62 years. Zygosity was determined by DNA typing and morphological diagnosis. Body composition parameters (fat mass FM, lean body mass LBM, body cell mass BCM, extracellular mass ECM, total body water TBW, extracellular water ECW, and intracellular water ICW) were estimated by tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance analysis. Potential environmental factors influencing body composition (number of children, sporting activity and smoking behaviour) were determined by questionnaires. Heritabilities for traits of body composition were calculated by use of the twin method. Intraclass correlation is > 0.80 for the variation of LBM, BCM, ECM, TBW, ECW, and ICW in both MZ and DZ twins. Estimated heritability (h2) for FM, LBM, BCM, ECW, TBW, ECW, and ICW is 65%, 77%, 79%, 83%, 76%, 68%, and 82%, respectively. The h2 values for FM and LBM are consistent with those reported in other twin studies. For BCM, ECM, ECW and ICW, no comparative h2 estimates exist. Within-pair differences in body compartments do not change with increasing age in MZ and DZ twin pairs (p > 0.05). Stepwise multiple regression analyses indicate that zygosity, age, sex, number of children, sporting level and smoking behaviour do not significantly predict within-pair differences for weight, BMI, FM, LBM, TBW, ECW and ICW (each, p > 0.05). In contrast, sex and the number of children explain together 27% of observed within-pair differences for BCM. Zygosity is the only significant predictor of within-pair differences for ECM and height, explaining 20% (p = 0.008) and 36% of variance, respectively (p < 0.0001). Results indicate that genetic factors exert stronger influences on body composition than the considered environmental traits.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"62 1","pages":"51-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24489600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Buried Pleistocene human remains of Weissenthurm, Mayen-Koblenz district: new and old information]]. [Weissenthurm, Mayen-Koblenz地区埋藏的更新世人类遗骸:新旧信息]]。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2004-03-01

Stefan Flohr, Axel von Berg, Reiner Protsch von Zieten

引用次数: 0

Estimation of human endurance time. 人类耐力时间的估计。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2004-03-01 DOI: 10.1127/ANTHRANZ/62/2004/107

Verma Ss, Sharma Yk

引用次数: 0

Review of horses in Paleoindian sites of the Americas. 美洲古印第安遗址中马的研究综述。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2004-03-01

Mario Pichardo

引用次数: 0

Reproducibility of anthropometric measurements in children: a longitudinal study. 儿童人体测量的可重复性:一项纵向研究。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2004-03-01

Aire Leppik, Toivo Jürimäe, Jaak Jürimäe

{"title":"Reproducibility of anthropometric measurements in children: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Aire Leppik, Toivo Jürimäe, Jaak Jürimäe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to establish the reproducibility of a series of anthropometric measures performed twice during one week during a three year period in boys and girls. The subjects of this investigation were 39 children (21 boys and 18 girls), 9-10 year of age at the beginning of the study. Children were measured three times with one year interval. Children were classified by Tanner stage 1-2 during the first measurements, stage 1-3 during the second measurements and stage 1-4 during the third measurements. Body height and weight were measured and BMI calculated. All anthropometric parameters were measured according to the protocol recommended by the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (Norton & Olds 1996). Nine skinfolds, 13 girths, eight lengths and eight breadths/lengths were measured. The reproducibility of body height (r = 0.995-0.999), body weight (r = 0.990-0.999) and BMI (r = 0.969-0.999) was very high in boys and girls. The intraclass correlations (ICC), technical errors (TE) and coefficients of variation (CV) were quite different depending on the measurement site of the skinfold thickness. It was surprising that the ICCs were highest and TEs and CVs were lowest during the second year of the measurement. The computed ICC was high, and TE and CV values were quite similar and relatively low in girth, length and breadth/length measurements. It was concluded that the reproducibility of girths, lengths and breadths/lengths in children is very high and the reproducibility of skinfolds is high. Specifically, the reproducibility is very high immediately before puberty in boys and girls.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"62 1","pages":"79-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24489602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Body build classes as a method for systematization of age-related anthropometric changes in girls aged 7-8 and 17-18 years. 健身课程作为系统化7-8岁和17-18岁女孩年龄相关人体测量变化的方法。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2004-03-01

Jaan Kasmel, Helje Kaarma, Säde Koskel, Ene-Margit Tiit

{"title":"Body build classes as a method for systematization of age-related anthropometric changes in girls aged 7-8 and 17-18 years.","authors":"Jaan Kasmel, Helje Kaarma, Säde Koskel, Ene-Margit Tiit","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 462 schoolgirls aged 7-8 and 17-18 years were examined anthropometrically (45 body measurements and 10 skinfolds) in a cross-sectional study. The data were processed in two age groups: 7-8-year-olds (n = 205) and 17-18-year-olds (n = 257). Relying on average height and weight in the groups, both groups were divided into five body build classes: small, medium, large, pyknomorphous and leptomorphous. In these classes, the differences in all other body measurements were compared, and in both age groups, analogous systematic differences were found in length, width and depth measurements and circumferences. This enabled us to compare proportional changes in body measurements during ten years, using for this ratios of averages of basic measurements and measurement groups in the same body build classes. Statistical analysis by the sign test revealed statistically significant differences between various body build classes in the growth of averages. Girls belonging to the small class differed from the girls of the large class by an essentially greater increase in their measurements. Our results suggest that the growth rate of body measurements of girls with different body build can be studied by the help of body build classification.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"62 1","pages":"93-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24489603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Teenage pregnancies from the viewpoint of evolutionary biology]. [从进化生物学的角度看少女怀孕]。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2004-03-01

Sylvia Kirchengast

引用次数: 0

Israeli jewish infants of different descent: growth patterns, likeness and differences. Longitudinal study. 不同血统的以色列犹太婴儿:生长模式，相似和差异。纵向研究。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2004-03-01

Inga Peter, Emil Kh Ginsburg, Ida Malkin, Eugene Kobyliansky

{"title":"Israeli jewish infants of different descent: growth patterns, likeness and differences. Longitudinal study.","authors":"Inga Peter, Emil Kh Ginsburg, Ida Malkin, Eugene Kobyliansky","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to increasing migration process and intermarriages among individuals belonging to different ethnic groups, it is important to examine whether intermixing of populations effects child growth rate.Aims: To compare growth patterns of Jewish infants from distinct descent.Subjects: 1300 Israeli children were divided into 7 groups: 4 groups of babies with both parents from the same geographic origin (Europe, Yemen, Middle East or North Africa) and 3 inter-mixed groups according to genetic distances between the parents' derivation.Study design: The studied infants were monitored longitudinally for both body length. weight and head circumference from birth until 20 months of life. Using the curve fitting technique the follow-up data were fitted to the 3-parameter Count model.Outcome measurements: Three sets of maximal likelihood estimates of the model parameters were obtained to test the growth patterns of different groups of Jewish children: individually-specific for every child, group specific for each individual within the group, and general for all individuals from all studied groups. Likelihood ratio test was used to examine whether the chosen function of trait dependence on age is uniformly reliable for all individuals from all the considered groups.Results and conclusions: Significant differences were indicated between all studied growth curves for all three studied traits. Moreover, distances calculated between the studied cohorts demonstrated a clear distinction between the clusters of \"non-mixed\" and \"mixed\" groups for length and weight. Since the studied children were born and developed in similar environments, these results may serve as important evidence for the existence of a genetic effect on the growth process.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"62 1","pages":"61-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24489601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sports anthropological investigation of female participants of the German championships of Sport Aerobics in comparision to female sport students and non-sportive women 德国健美操锦标赛女选手的体育人类学调查与女体育学生和非体育女性的比较

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2003-12-17 DOI: 10.1127/anthranz/61/2003/461

C. Raschka, Sara Zanellato

引用次数: 0

Serological researches in the south of Moldavia in connection with the problem of the ethnogeny of the Gagauzes, the Moldavians and the Bulgarians. 摩尔达维亚南部与加加泽人、摩尔达维亚人和保加利亚人的人种问题有关的血清学研究。

IF 0.5 4区社会学

Anthropologischer Anzeiger Pub Date : 2003-12-01 DOI: 10.1127/ANTHRANZ/61/2003/395

Varsahr Am, Dubova Na, Kutuyev Ia

{"title":"Serological researches in the south of Moldavia in connection with the problem of the ethnogeny of the Gagauzes, the Moldavians and the Bulgarians.","authors":"Varsahr Am, Dubova Na, Kutuyev Ia","doi":"10.1127/ANTHRANZ/61/2003/395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/ANTHRANZ/61/2003/395","url":null,"abstract":": With the aid of data of frequencies of genetically determined blood group systems, the authors have tried to show the basic ethno-genetic directional patterns in Southern Moldavia and in the Dniester-Carpathian-Danubian region in its entirety. Blood Groups A1A27B0, RHESUS, MN, and KELL have been determined in six random samples from four Gagauz villages (n = 330), one Moldavian village (n = 101) and one Bulgarian village (n = 96). The analysis of gene frequencies demonstrates genetic homogeneity of the total Gagauz population. Statistically reliable differentiation is observed only for the RHESUS system. It is possible now to suppose that the haemotological types of modern Gagauz and Bulgarian populations have been developed on the basis of the Balcanic serogenetic types, partially transformed under influence of gene flow from probably Central Asian or other eastern centers. The position of the Moldavians on the serogenetic map of Europe is less certain, due to a considerable ambiguity in the allele frequencies of the various blood group systems. Founder effects may account for these observations. However, the genetic distance and cluster analyses carried out on the frequencies of the surveyed blood group systems have shown the affinity of Moldavians with the Romanians and Eastern European populations.","PeriodicalId":46008,"journal":{"name":"Anthropologischer Anzeiger","volume":"1 1","pages":"395-411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64055443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6