Journal of Family History最新文献

{"title":"Book Review: Fighter, Worker, and Family Man. German-Jewish Men and Their Gendered Experiences in Nazi Germany, 1933–1941 by Sebastian Huebel","authors":"Sheer Ganor","doi":"10.1177/03631990221150490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221150490","url":null,"abstract":"One day in December 1942, during his internment as an illegal alien in Switzerland, Herbert Lewandowski opened his diary and mused over the significance of regular journaling. Partly in jest and partly in earnest he then added: “In keeping a diary at least I hold on to being a man” (Lee van Dovski, Schweizer Tagebuch eines Internierten. Pfeil Verlag, 1946, 35). Born in 1896 in Cassel, Germany, to a Jewish family, the Catholic convert Lewandowski was on the run from the genocidal antisemitic violence of the Nazis, which took the lives of several of his family members. Writing a diary may not appear to be an obvious expression of masculinity and manhood in their various cultural codifications. For Lewandowski, a product of a certain social milieu that celebrated cultural cultivation and refinement as a form of “making it,” the connection between keeping a diary and his identity as a man was not that big of a stretch. But as an interned refugee—safe, “but as a prisoner,” (28) as he put it—in a state of confined agency, the significance of his diary extended far beyond the habits and aspirations typical of his middle-class German-Jewish background. It was a rare outlet for creativity and productivity that allowed Lewandowski to insist on his right to define himself at a time when his ability to do so was increasingly threatened. The stories of men like Lewandowski, and those of their family and fellow community members, are at the focus of Sebastian Huebel’s important new book, Fighter, Worker and Family Man: German-Jewish Men and Their Gendered Experiences in Nazi Germany, 1933–1941. Huebel’s book explores how the National Socialist regime deliberately targeted Jewish masculinity as an integral element of its ideology as well as in policy, how Jewish men living in Germany at the time responded to these attacks on a personal level and how German-Jewish organizations confronted them on behalf of the entire community. While the regime’s actions towards undermining Jewish masculinity and Jewish men “signified a loss of authority and created feelings of powerlessness that were intricately linked to conceptions of masculinity (Huebel, 7),”Huebel shows that Jewish men developed a variety of strategies that helped to preserve their sense of agency and dignity in their pursuit of fighting against their intended emasculation (as understood according to the prevailing gender norms of their time and place). Gender historians have been producing incredibly important scholarship on the history of Nazi Germany and the Holocaust for several decades. Their work has made it clear that it is necessary to approach the analysis of that dark period with serious consideration of gender politics and gendered experiences. And yet, studies focusing explicitly on men and masculinity (and especially Jewish masculinity) remain scant still. Existing works mostly tend to focus on masculinity as a component of Fascism. Huebel’s focus on the gendered identities of Jewish men theref","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"48 1","pages":"363 - 365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44744022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: The Last Heir: The Triumphs and Tragedies of Two Montana Families by Bill Vaughn","authors":"Rebecca A. Buller","doi":"10.1177/03631990221148480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221148480","url":null,"abstract":"In The Last Heir: The Triumphs and Tragedies of Two Montana Families, writer Bill Vaughn paints an intriguing picture of the Burkes and the Herrins families’ intertwining histories in Montana’s upper Missouri River Valley from the late nineteenth century to today. By doing so, Vaughn highlights American, and portions of western, history through the eyes and experiences of two families, the professional Burkes and the ranching Herrins, whose family tree lines eventually meet, creating the author’s wife. Using a journalistic methodology of research and writing, the author employs existing documentation (e.g., newspaper articles and court judgments) and oral history stories— largely from two people (i.e., his spouse, Kitty Herrin, and her mother, Molly Catherine Burke Herrin)—as his main sources. It is not clear whether other current family descendants were consulted in the book’s writing. Vaughn’s attention-grabbing writing style will engage a public audience, nearly immediately drawing readers in with Paramount Global’s television series (2018–present) Yellowstone-like theatrics of shady Montana politics, nepotism, and “friends” favoritism. Here is a historical drama of go-getters: daring individuals and families whose actions and motivations—including but not limited to pride, ambition, aggression, fighting, violence, and court cases—often mirrored one another. Within the Burkes and Herrins, are substantial “kingdoms”—whether professional or agricultural—started generations back, slowly built up and quickly lost with boom and bust cycles, with an increasing family imperative of the importance, and burden, of maintaining and defending the kingdom. Depicted are “typical” rural “strong” families characterized by a hard-working ethos and inability to talk about and acknowledge mental health needs, seeing those with such “struggles” as “weak.” Readers will detect theme manifestations from popular culture standards: books like Sandoz’s Old Jules (Little, Brown, and Company 1935) and Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men (Covici Friede 1937); books and film adaptations such as Maclean’s A River Runs Through It (University of Chicago Press 1976, Columbia Pictures 1992), Harrison’s Legends of the Fall (Delacorte Press 1979, TriStar Pictures 1994), and Paine’s Open Range (Walker & Co 1990, Touchstone Pictures 2003); and television series like Dallas (CBS Broadcasting Inc. 1978–1991) and Yellowstone. The book illuminates intersections of Burke and Herrin family history with local (e.g., Army Corps of Engineers and Missouri River damming projects), national (e.g., whitecapping, Social Security Act, Campfire Girls, World War II Homefront efforts), and international (e.g., western world baseball, World War I, Great Depression) history. Those versed in the historical geography of the Great Plains will see familiar themes of boom/bust cycles of economics and towns in the late 1800s and early 1900s; white Booster optimism; shady railroad advertisements enticing settlers Bo","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"48 1","pages":"226 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42137313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between Economy and Social Coercion: Nuptiality in Transition. The Case of the Don Army Territory (Southern Russia), 1867–1916","authors":"N. Bonneuil, E. Fursa","doi":"10.1177/03631990221143989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221143989","url":null,"abstract":"The nuptiality transition in the Don Army Territory 1867–1916 depended on residence, economy, and religion. In rural areas, population growth and the scarcity of good land undermined the Orthodox tradition, though it was defended by the Church; rural Armenian-Gregorians persisted in early marriage, unlike Old Believers, Buddhists, and Lutherans. In cities, Armenian-Gregorians and Jews, unlike Catholics, adopted late marriage. Age at marriage among Orthodox was slightly later in cities and their hinterlands, against the tradition that Church conservatism favored. The different trajectories of nuptiality reveal a struggle between religion, economics, and urban life, making nuptiality a scene of contradictory influences.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"48 1","pages":"115 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49171615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poverty Risks of Women in Ancient China: How Social Institutions Shaped the Poverty Risks Faced by Women During the Ming-Qing Period","authors":"Jia Xu, Xiuzhen Ding, Thurid Eggers","doi":"10.1177/03631990221143987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221143987","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the Ming-Qing period (1368–1911), examining the differences in the poverty risks of Chinese women in various social positions after their husbands or fathers had died based on historical records and archives. We argue that women's poverty risks depended not only on their family's wealth but also on their social positions, which regulated their eligibility for various income sources such as dowry, family property, and assistance from their lineage or the government. Unlike most studies, we focus on the combination of various income sources for which women were eligible, via which they evaded poverty to different degrees.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45128515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taking the Unfilial Son to the Police: Family Conflicts and State Intervention in Republican Beijing","authors":"F. Qin","doi":"10.1177/03631990221138928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221138928","url":null,"abstract":"This article, based upon 199 police reports of disobedience cases in Republican Beijing, examines the relationship between family and state in modern China. It argues that these cases, on the one hand, helped the family transfer the domestic crises to the state, and on the other hand, consolidated the state cult of filial piety and facilitated the everyday intervention of the state into society. But the collusion between family and state also led to some unexpected consequences, in which the state's representative institutions such as the police and the reformatory, with their availability and affordability, actually increased the visibility of filial impiety.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"48 1","pages":"179 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45956905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Realpolitik of Ethics. Behind the Specificity of the French ART System (1972–1994)","authors":"F. Cahen","doi":"10.1177/03631990221138926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221138926","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a fresh look at the specificity of French ART rules. Re-exploring the genesis of sperm banks and the emergence of ART regulation in the 1970s and 80s involves considering a sequence during which several options were competing and no “national path” was defined. Sperm banking constituted the locus of tensions concerning the social status of doctors, their place within the institutional landscape, and the impact of biomedicine. The Centres d’étude et de conservation du sperme humains (CECOS)’ “victory” did not result from its intrinsic features, but rather from their leader's integrated conception of ART and political sense.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47845771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Crusading Furnivals: Family Tradition, Political Expediency and Social Pressure in Crusade Motivation","authors":"James Doherty","doi":"10.1177/03631990221124801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221124801","url":null,"abstract":"By the mid-thirteenth century, many aristocratic families across Europe could lay claim to crusading ancestors, and scholarship has revealed the importance of family tradition in maintaining the momentum of the crusading movement. This study focuses on one family – the Furnivals – who produced five crusaders over three generations. It argues that, even though family tradition likely played a part in motivating some crusading Furnivals, in-depth scrutiny of three generations demonstrates that social and political concerns are at least as convincing in explaining the crusade motivation of each family member.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"48 1","pages":"383 - 399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45083875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Slavery, Fatherhood, and Paternal Duty in African American Communities Over the Long Nineteenth Century by Libra R. Hilde","authors":"Katherine Burns","doi":"10.1177/03631990221116509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221116509","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"47 1","pages":"489 - 491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45310506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Migration Experiences, Learning and Identity (Re)construction: An Analysis of the Autobiographical Story of Neža Gerkšič, a.k.a. Agnes Lacroix","authors":"Klara Kožar Rosulnik","doi":"10.1177/03631990211045905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990211045905","url":null,"abstract":"Migration is an important life transition that creates opportunities for both learning and the (re)construction of identity. In this article, we discuss the migration experiences of great aunt Neža Gerkšič, a.k.a. Agnes Lacroix, as a field of learning being interpreted through the theory of biographical learning. Biographical learning is treated as a process occurring in everyday life and the (re)construction of identity, knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values. The study, following the phenomenological paradigm of qualitative research, was developed on the basis of an autobiographical record that includes the entire course of Neža's life and all her migrations. By analyzing the autobiographical record, we show how, in the first half of the twentieth century, this active subject of migration acquired knowledge and (re)constructed her identity through various strategies.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"12 1","pages":"413 - 431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65231834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the Household State: Treatment of Disobedient Children in Early Modern Denmark and Sweden","authors":"K. Jansson, N. Koefoed","doi":"10.1177/03631990221126069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03631990221126069","url":null,"abstract":"This article offers a comparative analysis of the early modern Danish and Swedish Household state in relation to the treatment of “disobedient” children. It uses law codes and court records to explore the dynamic relationship between the household and state, arguing that contrasting patterns are apparent despite the common features of absolutism, agrarian, and mono-confessional Lutheranism. In Denmark, the state often responded to such cases by arrogating the power of the household and removing children from their care. In Sweden, the state upheld and sought to educate the household and relied upon parents to carry out appropriate chastisements of its junior members.","PeriodicalId":45991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family History","volume":"48 1","pages":"30 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43734094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}