Space Policy最新文献_第6页

A Case for Nature in Long-Haul Space Exploration 长途太空探索中的自然案例

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101575

Jason A. Kaufman , T. Elliott Floyd , Andrew Lenartz

引用次数: 0

Moving to Mars: The Feasibility and Desirability of Mars Settlements 走向火星：火星定居的可行性和可取性

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101590

Mikko M. Puumala , Oskari Sivula , Kirsi Lehto

{"title":"Moving to Mars: The Feasibility and Desirability of Mars Settlements","authors":"Mikko M. Puumala , Oskari Sivula , Kirsi Lehto","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The on-going space settlement debate has raised questions whether it is possible to settle other planets, and if it was, is it something humans should do. The problem with this space ethical discussion is that it can easily become too vague. To avoid this problem, we suggest a framework for identifying relevant variables that affect the feasibility constraints and desirability factors of establishing space settlements. The variables we focus on include the settlement stage, scale and time frame. Based on the relevant literature, we take mission cost, survival, habitation, water, <em>in situ</em> resources for food, oxygen and fuel energy and dependence on Earth as feasibility constraints that are relevant for the framework. None of them are hard constraints, but rather soft feasibility constraints that make it difficult to establish a permanent human settlement on Mars in the near- to medium-term future. However, in the past, humanity has achieved goals that first seemed infeasible. To justify the costs and effort, the goal must be highly morally desirable. We discuss five different desirability factors that could help justify the effort but as each framework has unique feasibility constraints, not all of these factors are sufficient or necessary to justify this effort. We argue that some of the desirability factors prominent in space ethical literature are not sufficient or necessary in our framework, and thus, we conclude that the normative grounds for establishing a permanent Mars settlement in the foreseeable future are weak.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265964623000577/pdfft?md5=761f89ab33603eebc08988fb6e0d1f0c&pid=1-s2.0-S0265964623000577-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135962987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

To What Extent Will Space Debris Impact the Economy? 空间碎片将在多大程度上影响经济？

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101580

Wataru Nozawa , Kenichi Kurita , Tetsuya Tamaki , Shunsuke Managi

{"title":"To What Extent Will Space Debris Impact the Economy?","authors":"Wataru Nozawa , Kenichi Kurita , Tetsuya Tamaki , Shunsuke Managi","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the expansion of the space industry<span>, debris congestion has become a serious problem. When space debris collides with satellites in orbit, it may damage the satellites or, in the worst case, cause an explosion. While economic activity influences debris congestion, debris can also influence the economy. To what extent does debris affect the economy? Furthermore, what would be the optimal path of debris emission considering the economy and space environment? This study aims to quantify the severity of the problem. We simulate the damage caused by the environmental problem of orbital debris using a standard economic growth model in macroeconomics, augmented with a satellite sector and collision possibility. In the model, launching satellites means two things: more factors of production and more orbital objects. A newly launched satellite provides satellite services to the economy and increases production capacity. At the same time, by being placed in orbit, a satellite increases the risk of collisions. Our results show that debris will cause negative damage of approximately 1.95% of global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the long term if no debris is remediated at all.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49530944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

China's Space Export Strategy 中国航天出口战略

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101574

Nathaniel Rome

引用次数: 0

Innovation: Behavioral Health Skills Training for Families of Space Travelers 创新：太空旅行者家庭行为健康技能培训

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101576

Brenda Bursch , Patricia D. Walshaw , Catherine Mogil , Thomas Babayan , Patricia Lester

{"title":"Innovation: Behavioral Health Skills Training for Families of Space Travelers","authors":"Brenda Bursch , Patricia D. Walshaw , Catherine Mogil , Thomas Babayan , Patricia Lester","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the evolution of space travel to more frequently include civilian space travelers, there is an emerging need for behavioral health skills training for longer missions. There may be utility in using the analog of military deployments. One such model is Families OverComing Under Stress (FOCUS), a family-centered evidence-based resilience training program that has been implemented at military installations for the last fifteen years. FOCUS is designed to enhance family cohesion and strengthen parent–child, marital, and co-parenting relationships and improve emotion regulation, communication, problem-solving, and goal-setting skills across the family. Research results reveal that both parents and children from military families participating in FOCUS demonstrate significant improvement in emotional and behavioral adjustment, reducing their risk of developing anxiety, depression, or other behavioral disturbances by half. It has also demonstrated efficacy in the tele-delivery model, allowing for implementation for families who are separated due to trainings and missions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0265964623000437/pdfft?md5=b3a3f69883aa8b38b8801187df68fa16&pid=1-s2.0-S0265964623000437-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49581220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chinese Commercial Space Launchers: Historical Perspective; Policy Framework 中国商业航天发射装置的历史透视政策框架

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101572

Lucie Sénéchal-Perrouault

{"title":"Chinese Commercial Space Launchers: Historical Perspective; Policy Framework","authors":"Lucie Sénéchal-Perrouault","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The topic of Chinese commercial space has been the subject of a growing number of publications in English since the beginning of the decade, which raises the necessity of clarifying the concept and policy framework. This article focuses on the case of launcher industry and launch services. A historical review allows to underline the existence of two waves in the country's commercial space launch activities, which should be distinguished: an “old commercial space” or commercialization from the 1980s, mainly concerning state-owned enterprises; and a “new commercial space” from the middle of the decade 2010, seeking to involve capital and companies not stemming from the central state. This evolution is reflected in the selection of three primary texts for which clarification is given in terms of nature, enacting bodies, organization, content, and relevance. Chinese commercial launch policy framework shows its integration into broader economic concerns at two points in time in a specific historical context: encouragement of the national military–industrial conglomerate to engage in profit-making activities – via international marketing of Long March launch services –in the first case and in the second case, invitation of non–central state and private investors and entrepreneurs to participate in innovation priority fields. As means to implement the latter objectives, several policy instruments are identified: definition of the desired activity and clarification of organs in charge, authorization system, and economic incentives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47670739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Asteroid Mining Tax as a Tool to Keep Peace in Outer Space 小行星采矿税作为维护外层空间和平的工具

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101555

Pavel Semerád

引用次数: 0

U.S. Space Policy and Theories of International Relations: The Case for Analytical Eclecticism 美国的空间政策与国际关系理论：以分析折衷主义为例

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101538

Scott Pace

{"title":"U.S. Space Policy and Theories of International Relations: The Case for Analytical Eclecticism","authors":"Scott Pace","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Space activities and infrastructure today are critical to international security and the global economy. The space domain is not, however, subject to sovereign control by international law. Like other shared domains, such as the high seas, the polar regions, and arguably cyberspace, space is a domain in which State and non-State actors interact beyond national borders. Given global dependence on space-derived information and an increase in potential adversary threats to space assets, States have taken a number of steps in recent years to protect their national interests in space. Despite its importance and increasing global attention, international cooperation and competition in space is a relatively under theorized topic in </span>international relations. Conversely, international relations theories are not widely used in the development of United States (U.S.) national space policy and the practice of space diplomacy, from a U.S. perspective. The </span>intent<span> of this article is to address this rift between theory and policy by briefly describing major theories of international relations and where they can shed light on how and why States engage in cooperation and competition in space. The article addresses the major schools of realism, liberalism, and constructivism, with applications to space activity. No single theory fully describes the U.S. policy approach to international space activities. Different theories, applied to the same situation, can, however, provide useful perspectives to both theorists and policy-makers. This suggests the use of a mixed, pragmatic approach, referred to as “eclectic theorizing” in international relations literature, as a promising avenue for further research.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46766901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

India's Space Pursuit and the Changing Matrix of South Asian Security 印度的太空追求与南亚安全格局的变化

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2023.101564

Raja Qaiser Ahmed , Muhammad Shoaib , Ramsha Ashraf

引用次数: 0

Indian Space Force: A Strategic Inevitability 印度太空军：战略上的必然

IF 1.1 4区社会学

Space Policy Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101526

Ajey Lele

{"title":"Indian Space Force: A Strategic Inevitability","authors":"Ajey Lele","doi":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spacepol.2022.101526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since the beginning, the critical focus of India's space programme has been investing in space technologies for the purposes of socioeconomic development. Nonetheless, India's space agenda has always remained dynamic and over the years the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has been undertaking various scientific and commercial value programmes, such as launching an astronomical satellite, undertaking missions to the Moon and Mars, launching satellites for navigation and developing the Small Satellite Launch Vehicle. Today India has increasing concerns about the security of its space assets. On 27 March 2019, the Indian Defense Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully conducted an anti-satellite test (ASAT). This act is said to have transformed India's strategic calculations in the domain of space. This test indicates that India is trying to redefine its own responses to space security challenges. This article attempts to recognise India's atypical space security challenges and debates on the possible response mechanism to these security challenges. The article further argues that constituting an Indian Space Force could be the most apt response mechanism in this context.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":45924,"journal":{"name":"Space Policy","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45232111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0